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CELEBRATION 



OF THE 



250TH: .^ISTlsri"V^EE,S^^B^^ 



OF THE FORMATION OF 



THE TOWN AND THE CHURCH 



OF 



SOUTHOLU L. I 

^/i-agnst 27, 1890. 

/9^ (§A^„ //^Ct-Z^A^ 



SOUTHOLD: 

PRINTED FOR THE TOWN. 

1890. 






MAR 4 m^ 



INTRODUCTION. 



On the twenty-seventh day of March, 1888, the Rev. 
Epher Whitaker, D.D., the Pastor of the First Church of 
Southold, organized on the twenty-first day of October, 
1640, presented to the Auditors of the Town of Southold a 
resolution having in view the appointment of committees 
by the Town and the Church severally to unite and make 
arrangements for the proper celebration of the two hun- 
dred and fiftieth anniversary of the formation of the Town 
and the Church. The Board of Auditors, consisting of the 
Hon. Henry A. Reeves, the Supervisor of the Town, Wil- 
liam A. Cochran, the Clerk of the Town, Jonathan W. 
Huntting, Charles E. Glover, iVbram Gifford, Salem R. 
Davis, John E. Gildersleeve, Esquires, Justices of the 
Peace, unanimously approved of presenting the resolution 
to the Town Meeting to be held on the third day of April 
following. Accordingly the Hon. Henry A. Reeves, the 
Supervisor of the Town, presented the resolution to the 
Town Meeting in behalf of the Board of Auditors of the 
Town. 

The resolution was considered, the desirableness of its 
object set forth by several persons, and then it was unani- 
mously adopted. 

On the motion of the Rev. Dr. Whitaker, it was voted 
that the committee should consist of five persons, to unite 
with a similar committee of the First Church, should one 
be appointed, in order to make the proper prepara- 
tions. 



4 southold's celebration. 

The President of the Town Meeting, Jonathan W. Hunt- 
ting, Esquire, appointed the Committee as follows : The 
Hon. Henry A. Reeves, the Supervisor of the Town ; Mr. 
Marcus W. Terry, the Hon. James H. Tuthill, the Surro- 
gate of Sufholk County ; the Hon. Thomas Young, the 
Judge of Suffolk County; -and William H. H. Moore, 
Esquire. 

For the appointment of a similar committee, the Elders 
and Trustees of the First Church together called a con- 
gregational meeting, which was held in the Chapel of the 
Church on the nineteenth day of April, 1888. The follow- 
ing persons were on nomination unanimously chosen by 
the Church as a committee with full power to act for it 
in reference to the purpose of its appointment, namely : 
The Rev. Epher Whitaker, D.D., Henry Huntting, Esquire, 
Treasurer of the Board of Trustees ; Elder Stuart T.Terry, 
President of the Board of Trustees and Superintendent of 
the Sabbath School ; Mr. David P. Horton, Organist and 
Leader of the Choir ; and Mr. Barnabas H. Booth. 

These committees met and united on the ninth day of 
August, 1888. There were present at this meeting the Hon. 
Henry A. Reeves, Mr. Marcus W. Terry, Judge Thomas 
Young, the Rev. Dr. Whitaker, Ruling Elders Henry 
Huntting and Stuart T. Terry, and Mr. David P. Horton. 
The united Committee formed its organization by unan- 
imously electing the Rev. Dr. Whitaker,. Chairman; the 
Hon. Henry A. Reeves, Secretary; and Elder Henry 
Huntting, Treasurer. 

The Committee met on the thirteenth day of March, 
1889, at the residence of the Chairman, and adopted a gen- 
eral plan for the celebration. At this meeting the follow- 
ing members were present : The Hon. Henry A. Reeves, 
Mr. Marcus W. Terry, the Rev. Dr. Whitaker, Elder 
Stuart T. Terry, and Mr. Barnabas H. Booth. 

The Chairman was directed to report the plan of the 
Committee to the next Town Meeting, with a view to its 
approval. This was done, and the plan was unanimously 
approved. 



INTRODUCTION. 5 

The members of the committee who were absent from 
this meeting having been previously consulted respecting 
the general features of the plan adopted, and having ap- 
proved them, the Chairman was directed to take the first 
steps for the accomplishment of the plan ; and in behalf 
of the Committee to report the results to the Town Meet- 
ing of 1890. This was done. 

The Committee met again at the residence of the Chair- 
man on the twelfth day of April, 1890, and gave five con- 
secutive hours to the business in hand. At this meet- 
ing all the members of the Committee were present 
except Judge Young and Messrs. Marcus W. Terry 
and Stuart T. Terry, who were unable to attend the 
session. 

The Committee of Arrangements having previously 
appointed Messrs. David P. Horton and George B. Reeve 
a Music Committee, it also appointed an Executive Com- 
mittee with power to act for the whole committee. Other 
committees were appointed as follows: Reception Com- 
mittee, Luncheon Committee, Platform and Grounds 
Committee, Decoration Committee, Finance Committee, 
Stenography, Reporting and Printing Committee, and 
Ushers. 

The general plan included a meeting in the house of 
worship of the First Church during the forenoon of the 
day of the celebration, and also in the evening, with a 
procession from the village of Southold to Oak Lawn, and 
a meeting there in the Grove during the afternoon. It 
was proposed to have, at these meetings, suitable odes, 
i prayers and addresses, with both vocal and instrumental 
music. 

On the ground of general convenience, but for no his- 
toric reason, the twenty-seventh day of August was 
selected for the day of the celebration. 

The Chairman was directed to invite General Benjamin 
Harrison, the President of the United States, in view of 
his descent from Southold ancestors, to attend the cele- 
bration as the guest of the Committee. The Chairman 



6 SOUTHOLD S CELEBRATION. 

was also authorized by the Committee to invite such other 
persons as he might deem suitable and proper to be its 
guests. 

The Committee in due time, through its Chairman, in- 
vited the Rev. Richard S. Storrs, D.D., LL.D., President 
of the Long Island Historical Society, to deliver an ad- 
dress in the forenoon, and Charles B. Moore, Esquire, au- 
thor of the " Personal Indexes of Southold," to prepare an 
address for the evening meeting. Happily for Southold 
these invitations were accepted. 

The Towns of Shelter Island and Riverhead, formerly 
parts of Southold, were severally invited to appoint dele- 
gates to attend the celebration, and these invitations were 
accepted and delegates appointed by each of these Towns. 

Representatives of the Suffolk County Historical So- 
ciety, of the New Haven Colony Historical Society, and 
of the American Historical Association severally received 
and accepted invitations. 

Mrs. Martha J. Lamb, the editor of the " Magazine of 
American History," consented to be the Committee's 
guest, and was present throughout the celebration. 

The Hon. Henry P. Hedges was invited to address the 
meeting in the afternoon as the representative of the sis- 
ter Town of Southampton, which is not greatly younger 
than Southold, having become organized and united to 
Connecticut in 1644. 

The Rev. William F. Whitaker, of Orange, New Jerse}', 
was invited to speak in the afternoon as the representative 
of the present generation of Southold. 

The Music Committee gave a general invitation to the 
choirs of the various churches of the Town, about twenty 
in number, to unite and form a chorus for the celebration. 
The Cornet Bands of Mattituck, Orient, Shelter Island, 
and Southold received and accepted severally an invita- 
tion to play at intervals in the procession and during the 
meeting at the Grove. Other desirable arrangements 
were also made by the Music Committee, including the 
composition of odes and music especially for the day, and 



INTRODUCTION, 7 

the proper rehearsal thereof under the direction of the 
gentlemen of the Music Committee. 

The formation and direction of the Procession was com- 
mitted to Mr. Alva M. Salmon, who called various per- 
sons to his aid, especially Mr. Charles Flo3'd Smith, as as- 
sistant marshal. To the enterprise, skill and taste of Mr. 
Salmon the eminently gratifying- character of the Proces- 
sion is chiefly due. 

The interest in the celebration was increased by the 
publication in many newspapers of New York city, 
Brooklyn, and various villages of Long Island, of sketches 
of the history and character of this oldest Town on Long 
Island. These sketches, published before the celebration, 
were of unlike degrees of fullness and accuracy. Some 
of them had illustrations from photographs, and others 
had no pictorial embellishments. 

Thousands of the descendants of former Southolders 
looked forward to the significant event with cheerful ex- 
pectation ; and a delightful feature in the preparations 
was the interest manifested in the prospective celebration 
on the part of kinsmen and friends beyond the sea in 
Southwold and Suffolk County, England, whence many 
or most of the chief founders of our Town and Church 
came hither about two hundred and lift}' years ago. These 
dwellers in the old home have a fit representative in the 
Rev. Proby L. Cautley, Vicar of Southwold, Rural Dean 
of Dunwich, and formerly Inspector of Diocesan Schools 
of Suffolk County, England. 

The Executive Committee, in due time, with the aid of 
li the Music Committee and others, prepared the programme, 
which will be found in its fulfillment on subsequent 
pages ; and two thousand two hundred copies of it were 
printed for the use of the public. For this purpose, Mr. 
David P. Horton, the Chairman of the Music Committee, 
generously gave the Committee of Arrangements the priv- 
ilege of using both his copyright music and his stereotype 
plates thereof. 

As the day of the celebration drew near, the various 



a SOUTHOLD S CELEBRATION. 

committees addressed themselves with commendable 
vigor to their respective tasks. The committees are as 
follows : 

COMMITTEES. 

COMMITTEE OF ARRANGEMENTS. 

{On the part of the Town.) 
» 
Hon. Henry A. Reeves, Secretary, 

Mr. Marcus W. Terry, 

Hon. James H. Tuthill, 

Judge Thomas Young, 

William H. H. Moore, Esquire. 

{On the part of the Church.) 
Rev. Epher Whitaker, D.D., Chairman, 
Henry Huntting, Esquire, Treasurer, 
Mr. Stuart T. Terry, 
Mr. David P. Horton, 
Mr. Barnabas H. Booth. 

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. 

Rev. Epher Whitaker, D.D., Chairman, 
Hon. Henry A. Reeves, Secretary, 
Hon. James H. Tuthill, 
Henry Huntting, Esquire, 
Mr. Stuart T. Terry. 

MUSIC COMMITTEE. 

Mr. David P. Horton, 
Mr. George B. Reeve. 

RECEPTION COMMITTEE. 

Mr. Barnabas H. Booth, 
Mr. Rensselaer T. Goldsmith, 
Mr. Samuel Dickerson, 
Mr. William C. Albertson. 

FINANCE COMMITTEE. 

Mr. H. Howard Huntting, Treasurer, 
Mr. Jonathan B. Terry, Chairman, 
Albertson Case, Esquire, 



COMMITTEES. 

Mr. S. Wells Phillips, 
Capt. Marcus B. Brown, 
Mr. Robert Jefferson, 
Henry P. Terry, M.D., 
Mr. Charles W. Wickham, 
Mr. Qifford B. Ackerly. 

LUNCHEON COMMITTEE. 

Mr. Henry W. Prince, 
Mr. G. Frank Hommel, 
Mr. David T. Conklin, 
Mr. Baldwin T. Payne, 
Mr. Lewis W. Korn. 

PLATFORM AND GROUNDS COMMITTEE. 

Mr. George C. Wells, 
Mr. Richard S. Sturges, 
Mr. William A. Prince, 
Mr. E. Lucky Boisseau, 
Mr. Patrick May, Jr., 
Mr. Christopher Leicht. 

DECORATION COMMITTEE. 

Miss Mary H. Huntting, 
Mrs. Martin B. Vandusen, 
Mrs. Annie A. Spooner, 
Miss Minnie Terry, 
Mr. Frank A. Bly, 
Mr. George R. Jennings, 
Mr. Melrose L Booth. 

COMMITTEE OF HOSPITALITY. 

Mr. and Mrs. Rensselaer T. Goldsmith, 
Mr. and Mrs. Samuel Dickerson, 
Mr. and Mrs. William C. Albertson, 
Mr. and Mrs. Jonathan H. Boisseau, 
Miss Susan B. Huntting, 
Mr. and Mrs. Hezekiah Jennings, 
Mr. and Mrs. Henry G. Howell, 
Mr. and Mrs. Albertson Case, 



lO SOUTHOLD S CELEBRATION. 

Dr. and Mrs. Epher Whitaker, 
Mr. and Mrs. Henry W. Prince, 
Mrs. Emma H. Tuthill, 
Mr. and Mrs. Jonathan B. Terry, 
Mrs. Eliza H. Terry, 
Miss Henrietta Horton, 
Mr. and Mrs. Silas F. Overton, 
Mr. and Mrs. Lewis R. Case, 
Mr. and Mrs. Jesse G. Case, 
Mr. and Mrs. Henry W. Conklin, 
Mr. and Mrs. James R. Foster, 
Capt. and Mrs. James E. Horton, 
Mr. and Mrs. George H. Wells, 
Mr. and Mrs. G. Frank Hommel, 
Mr. and Mrs. Baldwin T. Payne, 
Mr. and Mrs. William H. Terry. 

DIRECTOR OF THE PROCESSION. 

Mr. Alva M. Salmon. 

HISTORIC SITES COMMITTEE. 

Mr. David P. Horton, 
Albertson Case, Esquire. 

COMMITTEE ON STENOGRAPHY, REPORTING AND PRINTING. 

William H. H. Moore, Esquire, 
Judge Thomas Young, 
Rev. William F. Whitaker, 
Jesse L. Case, Esquire, 
Mr. Orrin F. Payne. 

USHERS. 

Mr. Frederick C. Williams, 
Mr. Frank D. Smith, 
Mr. Melrose I. Booth, 
Mr. Charles H. Tuthill, 
Mr. William Courtland Case, 
Mr. Clement G. Elmer. 



1640. 18! 

V — OF TKCE ^v^ 



CELEBRATION 



"^ 



— OlST- 



[fiiifswt Aiiist If, lii© 



— OIP THE- 



250TH ANNIVERSARY 

— OIF th::e3 FozR^ycA-Tioisr of- — 

The Town and the Church 
of southold, l i. 



-v»- 



Committee of Arrangements, appointed by the Town and ^he 
Church : Hon. Henry A. Reeves, Mr. Marcus W. Terry, James H. 
Tuthill, Surrogate of the County of Suffolk, Thomas Young, Judge 
of the County of Suffolk, William H. H, Moore, Esquire, Rev. 
Epher Whitaker, D.D., Henry Huntting Esquire, Elder Stuart T. 
Terry, Prof. David P. Horton, Mr. Barnabas H. Booth. 

Directors of Vocal and Instrumental Music: Messrs. D. P. 
Horton, George B, Reeve. 

Traveler Steam Job Print, Southold, N. T, 



12 



10 A. M. in the First Church. 

1. Words of Welcome by the Rev. Dr. Whitaker. 
3. Singing : 

SOUTHOLD'S 250TH ANNIYERSARY. 

Tune-— Warsaw. 



1. The years, O God, are Thine ! 

The centuries that roll 
Pulflll Thy wise design ; 

Thou art their living- soul. 
Our fathers made Thy word their guide ; 
They trusted Thee. Thou didst provide. 

2. Thy favor blest their toil. 

Thy goodness crowned their days. 
And from the fruitful soil 



The harvest sang Thy praise. 
Here freedom grew, with law and peace. 
And piety— a rich increase. 

3. The virtues of our sires 

May all their children show. 
Let holiest desires 
In every bosom glow ; 
From age to age, in right and truth. 
May our Old Town surpass her youth. 



Prayer by the Rev. Bennett T. Abbott. 

Reading from Barnabas Horton's Family Bible (Sixteenth Century 

edition) by the Rev. J. H. Ballou. 
Singing : Psalm and choral printed in the appendix to the same 

Bible. (See page 15 ) 
Oration by the Rev. RICHARD S. STORRS, D.D., LL.D. 
Singing : 

THE LANDING OF THE PILGRIM FATHERS. 



1. The breaking waves dashed high 
On a stern and rock-bound coast, 

And the woods against a stormy sky 

Their giant branches tossed ; 
And the heavy night hung dark 

The hills and waters o'er, 
When a band of exiles moored their bark 

On the wild New England shore. 

2. Not as the conqueror comes. 
They, the true hearted, came ; 

Not with the roll of the stirring drum, 
Or the trumpet that sings of fame ; 

Not as the flying come 
In silence and in fear. 

They shook the depths of the desert's gloom 
With their hymns of lofty cheer. 



3. Amid the storm they sang. 
And the stars heard, and the sea ; 

And the sounding aisles of the dim woods 
To the ^nthem of the free. [rang 

The ocean eagle soared 
From his nest by the white wave's foam ; 

And the rocking pines of the forest roared— 
This was their welcome home. 

4. What sought they thus afar ? 

I : Bright jewels, : | of the mine ? 
The wealth of seas, the spoils of war ? 

They sought a faith's pure shrine ! 
Aye, call it holy ground. 

The soil where first they trod. 
They have left unstained Avhat there they 

Freedom to worship God ! [found. 

They have left unstained what there they 

Freedom to woi'ship God ! [found. 



13 

2 P. M. Procession to Oak Lawn, 

Under the direction of Mr. Alva M. Salmon. 

3 P. M. in the Oak Lawn Grove. 

Music by the Veteran Drum Corps of Cutchogue and the Cornet 
bands of Greenport, Mattituek, Orient, Shelter Island and Southold. 
1. Assembly by the Veteran Drum Corps. 

3. Music by the Bands. 

a. Introduction by the Hon. James H. Tuthill. 

4. Music by the Bands. 

5. Address by a representative of the Town of Shelter Island. 

6. Music by the Bands. 

7. Address by a representative of the Town of Riverhead. 

8. Singing : The Pilgrim's Flight. (See page 16.) 

9. Address by a representative of the present generation of Southold, 

Rev. W. F. Whitaker. 

10. Music by the Bands. 

11. Address by a representative of the New Haven Colony Historical 

Society. 

12. Music by the Bands. 

13. Address by a representative of the Suffolk County Historical Society. 
L4. Singing : Long Island. (See page 17.) 

5. Music by the Bands. 

L6. Address by a representative of the Town of Southampton, Hon. H 
P. Hedges. 

Singing by Mr. George B. Reeve (solo) and chorus : 

WE SHALL MEET. 

Tune—Hhall we meet f 
Rev. J. H. Ballou, Southold, August, 1890. 



. Now a glad memorial chorus 

Sing we of that pilgrim band 
^o, in days so long before us. 

Sojourned in this sea-girt land. 

Chorus : 
Vc shall meet, yes, shaD meet. 

Those who still march on before us, 
banting now a gTander chorus, 

In a yet more goodly land. 

Sturdy pioneers, God-fearing, 
Were those worthy men of yore ; 
rust in God their strong hearts cheering. 
While they sought a foreign shore. 

Giorus : 
We shall meet, etc. 

i. Music by the Bauds. 



3. On through hardship and privation. 
Brave and cheerful was their toil. 

Fostering here a new-born nation 
On Columbia's virgin soil. 

Chorus : 
We shall meet, etc. 

4. Honored be their names in story. 
By their children proudly sung. 

While they reap in fadeless glory 
Sheaves from faithful sowing sprung . 

Chonis : 
We shall meet, etc. 



u 



7:30 P. M. in the First Church. 

1 . Introduction by the Hon. Henry A. Reeves. 

2. Prayer. 

3. Singing by the Rev. B. T. Abbott (solo) and chorus : 

THE OLD HOUSE AT HOME. 

Oh, the old house at home where my forefathers dwelt, 

Where a child at the feet of my mother I knelt ; 

Where she taught me the prayer, where she read me the pajrc, 

Which, if infancy lisps, is the solace of age. 

My heart 'mid all changes, wherever I roam. 

Ne'er loses its love for the old house at home. 

Chorus : The old house at home, the good old house at home ; 

My heart never changes for that dear old house at home. 

It was not for its splendor that dwelUng was dear, 
It was not that the gay and the noble were near ; 
O'er the porch the wild rose and the woodbine entwined. 
And the sweet-scented jessamine waved in the wind ; 
But dearer to me than proud turret or dome 
Were the halls of my fathers, the old house at home. 
Choriis. 

But now that old house is no dwelling for me ; 
The home of the stranger henceforth it must be ; 
And ne'er shall I view it, or roam as a guest 
O'er the ever-green fields which my fathers possessed ; 
Yet still in my slumbers sweet visions will come 
Of the days that I passed in the old house at home. 
Chorus. 

4. Address by CHARLES B. MOORE, Esquire. 

5. Singing : The Pilgrims' Planting. (See page 18.) 

6. Letter from the Rev. Proby L. Cautley, Vicar of Southwold, Dean of 

Dunwich, School Inspector of Suffolk County, England. 

7. Letter from General Benjamin Harrison, President of the United 

States. 

8. Singing : 

THE SHIP OF STATE. 



Sail on, sail on. thou Ship of State ! 

Sail on, O Union, strong and gi-eat ! 

Humanity, with all its fears, 

Is hanging breathless on thy fate. 

We know what Master laid thy keel. 

What workmen wrought thy ribs of steel. 

Who made each mast, each sail, each rope. 

What anvils rang, what hammers beat. 

In what a forge, in what a beat. 

Were shaped the anchors of thy hope ! 

9. Benediction. 



Pear not each sudden sound and shock ; 

'Tis of the wave and not the rock ; 

'Tis but the flapping of the sail. 

And not a rent made by the gale. 

In spite of rock and tempest's roar. 

In spite of false lights on the shore. 

Sail on, nor fear to breast the sea ; 

Our hearts, our hopes, our prayers, our tears, 

Our faith, triumphant o'er our fears, 

Are all with thee, are all with thee. 



15 



AD TE DOMINE. Pfalm xxv. T. S. 

From the old Bible. Arranged by D. P. Horton. 



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T. B. Force. 
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the heart, Comes sor - row's 
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3 Through cycles past we love to trace. 
The story of our fathers' race; 
The race that bare the torch on high, 
When freedom flashed athwart the sky. 
That light now blazing from its bnth, 
Shall brighter yet illume the earth. 

Copyright ]v90, by D. P Horton. 



17 



T. B. Force. 



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3 Smoothly he spreads a mirror there, 
Glassing thy beauty, island fair. 
Where the tall clill and forest green 
Shimmer in all then- summer sheen. 
Home ol" my heart, forever dear, 
Would 1 were alway with tiioe here. 

Copyright, I^90, by D. P. HortoB. 



18 



^ht ^il^xxmf f lantiug. 



Words bT Rev. E. WHITAKER, D.D. Aug. 1867. 

j=:100. 



Music by D. P. H. Aug. 1867. 




— jM M ■ ip ja — a -# ^ ' 



1. - ver the sea to uu - known shore, Ex - iles of faith the 

2. Here shall that Cross for - ev - er stand, Sym-bol of life to 



— I ^ — 1 — 0-^ — — • — I — 0-^ — J 



Pil - grims came; Free - dom they sought, not gold - en ore, 
dy - ing souls; Firm as a rock, 'mid shift - ing sand. 



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MORNING OF THE CELEBRATION. 19 



THE iMORNING OF THE CELEBRATION. 



The opening day revealed cloudy skies after a night of 
rain and tempest. The storm had injured not a little of 
the frailer parts of the decorations of dwellings and public 
places made during the previous days. But the damage 
was soon repaired in great measure, and new features 
added. The display of iiowers, flags, bunting and mani- 
fold devices, as tokens of joy and gladness, and of patri- 
otic devotion, gave to the village a beauty and attractive- 
ness surpassing any festive manifestations ever seen in 
the previous course of its life. 

The decorations of the First Church were extremely 
pleasing. This result was accomplished to a large extent 
by the skillful arrangement of various national flags on 
the exterior of the edifice and in front of it. The flag of 
the Union was paramount ; but many others suggested 
the wide range whence came our present population, 
even as the first half century gave to our beloved town 
citizens from England, France, Holland, Wales, Scotland 
and Ireland. The interior of the church was beautified 
by the tasteful spread of the national flag in the rear of 
the pulpit, and above it green vines so interwoven as to 
adorn the principal dates, 1640 — 1890. The front of the 
west gallery bore in capital letters of gray moss the 
legend : " Thus far the Lord hath led us on." The front 
of the north gallery supported these words, fashioned in 
the same style : " Praise ye the Lord." On the front of 
the east gallery the legend was : " Let all the people 
praise Him." The artistic taste and skill disclosed in the 
preparation of these appropriate mottoes were greatly 
admired. The platform of the pulpit had been extended 
in front and at each side of it ; and thus enlarged and 
properly carpeted, had been seated with chairs for the 



SOUTHOLD S CELEBRATION. 



Committee of Arrangements, the speakers for the day, and 
about thirty invited guests, including representatives of 
the Suffolk County Historical Society, the Long Island 
Historical Society, the New Haven Colony Historical 
Society, and the American Historical Association, as well 
as other persons distinguished for important public ser- 
vice in the investigations of history, or authorship, or 
other public pursuits. The front of the platform was em- 
bellished with flowers, ferns and mosses that made a 
charming border. On a lower plane, in front of this bor- 
der, were placed the tables for the use of stenographers 
and reporters representing the pubhc press. The Asso- 
ciated Press, of New York, and the chief daily papers of 
that city and Brooklyn, not less than various newspapers 
of Suffolk County, were severally represented. 

As early as nine o'clock, the heavens began to clear. The 
retreating clouds, the gentle breeze, the brightening sun 
gave most welcome indications of fair weather for the day- 

The Long Island Railroad, in response to the request of 
the Committee of Arrangements, had considerately en- 
gaged to run three special trains for the celebration. 
This was done. The train leaving Eastport at 8 a. m., 
on the arrival of the regular train leaving Sag Harbor at 
7 a. m., was so thronged with passengers that it did not 
arrive at Southold on schedule time at 9.05 a. m. It 
had been delayed nearly half an hour in making 
about thirty miles. Very soon after 9:30, its passen- 
gers began to appear at the First Church, whose doors 
were then opened. In the meantime, hundreds of persons 
had come into the village in carriages, and the church was 
filled by the eager multitude of villagers and others in a 
few minutes. But the alert and courteous ushers speedily 
supplied one or two hundred more with chairs, which 
they put into every vacant place to be found on the floor. 

The members of the chorus were promptly in their re- 
spective places, as well as the gentlemen who were to take 
the chief parts in the proceedings of the hour. The Rev. 
Dr. Storrs appeared upon the platform at ten o'clock, hav- 



WORDS OF WELCOME, 



ing come from his beautiful and charming summer home, 
" Sunset Ridge," Shelter Island Heights. He no sooner 
appeared upon the platform than he was greeted with 
hearty applause. 

The committee of arrangements had appointed the pas- 
tor of the First Church to preside at the forenoon meet- 
ing. He began the formal proceedings by the delivery 
of the following brief address : 



WORDS OF WELCOME. 
By the Rev. Epher Whitaker, D.D. 
Friends and Fellow Citizens : 

The committee appointed to make arrangements for the 
celebration of the 250th anniversary of the formation of 
the town and church of Southold has made it my duty to 
offer at this point a few words of welcome. 

These words must be spoken with a full knowledge of 
the fact, that the air which you breathe here, the soil be- 
neath your feet, the heavens that bend over you, the winds 
that bear health and comfort on their wings from the wat- 
ers of the sea that almost surround our dear old town, 
and especially the genial society which you enjoy here — 
these are a welcome more grateful to you than any words 
which can fall from human lips. 

We nevertheless venture a few words of cordial greet- 
ing. 

At this interesting moment of our history, the citizens 
of other parts of the town are welcomed here to commune 
with those who dwell in the very scene of the original 
planting and growth of the town, in order that all may 
together renew and strengthen their patriotism and piety 
at the pure fountain which gave Hfe and vigor to the 
founders of our institutions. 



22 SOUTHOLD S CELEBRATION. 

The descendants of those faithful men, and women wor- 
thy of their love — you who have come from beyond the 
town to this shrine of filial affection, are welcomed to all 
that is pleasing which it is in our power to give. 

To all who are here with an appreciation of the Puritan 
spirit, we beg to extend the most hearty greetings. We 
are not without hope that some provision has been happily 
made for your gratification. For the nation contains no 
man better fitted to speak for the Puritans than is the pro- 
found historian, the eminent pastor and the peerless ora- 
tor w]bo has most generously consented to address you at 
this hour. 

Other arrangements have also been made, which will, 
we trust, be worthy of this day, and so be honorable to 
the founders of this place. 

At the conclusion of this welcome, the choir sang, to 
the tune of Warsaw, the following hymn : 

SOUTHOLDS TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH 

ANNIVERSARY. < 

BY THE REV. EPHER WHITAKER, D.D. 

1. The years, O God, are Thine ! 

The centuries that roll 
Fulfill Thy wise design, 

Thou art their living soul. 
Our fathers made Thy word their guide, 
They trusted Thee. Thou didst provide. 

2. Thy favor blest their toil. 

Thy goodness crowned their days. 
And from the fruitful soil 
The harvest sang Thy praise. 
Here freedom grew, with law and peace, 
And piety — a rich increase. 

3. The virtues of our sires 

May all their children show. 
Let holiest desires 

In every bosom glow ; 
From age to age, in right and truth, 
May our old Town surpass her youth. 



REV, MR. ABBOTTS PRAYER. 23 

Dr. Whitaker then said, " The congregation will be led in 
prayer by the Rev. Bennett T. Abbott, pastor of the 
Methodist Episcopal church of this village." 

PRAYER. 

BY THE REV. BENNETT T. ABBOTT, A.M. 

We bow in Thy presence, O Thou great and holy God, 
and would be lost in the consciousness " that beside Thee 
there is none else ;" Thy greatness and power are mani- 
fested in the things which do appear. " The heavens de- 
clare thy glory, and the firmament showeth forth thy 
handiwork." 

How little it becometh us to boast of our loftiest 
achievements, or of our greatest might, when we consider 
that " the nations are before Thee as a drop in the bucket, 
and are counted as the small dust in the balance ;" for " all 
nations are before Thee as nothing, and they are counted 
to Thee less than nothing, and vanity." Surely it be- 
cometh us to say, " What is man that Thou art mindful of 
him, or the son of man that thou visitest him ?" 

We thank Thee, O God, for the blessed revelation Thou 
hast made of Thyself through the precious gift of Thy dear 
Son the Lord Jesus Christ. 

In His person and ofifice, we see mirrored all the pity 
and love of a tender Fatherhood. We thank Thee that 
through Him Thy power, which otherwise would be like 
mountain piled on mountain to crush us, becomes a great 
comfort to us ; we can rejoice in it, and feel conscious 
that 

" This awful God is ours, 
Our Father and our love." 

We thank Thee that, through the merit of Christ's in- 
tercession, we are lifted out of our enslaved and hopeless 
condition, and not only pardoned and saved, but are lifted 
into sonship with the Father, and made heirs to the grace 
of life forever more. 

We thank Thee, O God, for the inestimable gift of the 



24 southold's celebration. 

Holy Spirit to guide us into all truth ; to open the under- 
standing and the conscience to the knowledge of sin, and 
to point to the open door of escape from its consequences, 
both for the present and the future life. We thank Thee, O 
God, for Thy church—" The pillar and the ground of the 
truth" — the one divine institution among men, in which 
Christ is " Head over all." We thank Thee for the wide 
extent of her influence upon peoples and nations ; for her 
leavening power in the civilizations of the world ; for her 
missions at home and abroad, and for the multipHed and 
ever-multiplying philanthropies to which she has given 
being. We thank Thee, blessed Lord, for the land in 
which we live ; " The lines have indeed fallen to us in 
pleasant places." Truly, a delightsome land is it, in the 
beauty of its natural scenery — in the towering mountains 
with their fertile slopes, in its magnificent rivers with 
their luxuriant vales, clothed with every variety of flow- 
ers and fruitage, loaded with agricultural wealth, and 
rich in mineral treasures. We thank Thee for the wide 
extent of our land ; in the amplitude of our territorial 
area Thou hast given us all degrees of cKmate, from the 
extreme cold of the North to the perennial verdure of 
the Gulf States — a climate fitted to meet the best condi- 
tions of life for all the nationalities pouring in upon our 
shores. 

We thank Thee for the genius of the government under 
which we live, which accords to its humblest subject the 
largest liberty consistent with his own welfare and 
that of those about him, which gives to every man a 
chance to take root in the soil, and to become a living 
factor in shaping the destiny of the land. We thank Thee 
for the gracious advantages growing out of the form of 
government bequeathed to us by our fathers ; especially 
for our institutions of learning, as represented by our 
public schools. 

We thank Thee for these centers of popular education 
—so fully in sympathy with the fundamental principles of 
the government under which they have come to pass ; 



REV. MR, ABBOTT S PRAYER. 25 

may no alien influence arise to disturb these fountains of 
light and knowledge. May Thy blessed word continue to 
hold its place in our schools, and to remain the one great 
text-book out of which the present and coming generations 
shall learn true wisdom. 

We thank Thee, O God, for our geographical position 
among the nations ; Thou hast given us one of the best 
assurances of our future security in that Thou hast sepa- 
rated us from the other great powers, which occupy posi- 
tions menacingly near to each other, by the mighty bul- 
wark of two oceans, placing us where the tyranny grow- 
ing out of the necessity for vast standing armies is un- 
known, and where is given the amplest opportunity for 
working out the problem of self-government. And now, 
blessed God, we thank thee for the present, and the past 
of our local history ; as the thought takes wing, and flies 
back over the generations which have peopled the 250 
years of our town history, what memories crowd the 
hour ! What momentous and stirring events have marked 
the passing decades ! 

We thank Thee for the righteous heritage of character 
that has come down to our time ; indeed, rich is the leg- 
acy of sterling worth that has been bequeathed to those 
of us who represent the present generation. May we 
cherish this legacy above the price of rubies. 

Bless, we beseech Thee, the words of him who shall 
address us ; may they serve more fully to confirm us in 
the practice of all that goes to develop noble and right- 
eous living. 

May this momentous occasion inspire us to loftier con- 
ceptions of duty, and to sincere appreciation of the prin- 
ciples that governed the heart and brain of our ancestors ; 
and in the days yet distant, when our children's children 
shall meet to commemorate the years that shall have 
passed, may it be theirs to say that their advanced posi- 
tion is largely due to the fact that we transmitted to them 
a righteous name and character. 

And now to thy great name, " Father, Son, and Holy 
Ghost," shall be the praise, now and forever. Amen. 



26 southold's celebration. 

The Rev. Dr. Whitaker said : One of the earliest and 
most prominent settlers in Southold in its industrial pur- 
suits, and especially in its legislative proceedings, was 
Barnabas Horton. The Bible which he brought with 
him when he came to this place, about 1640, was printed 
in the sixteenth century, and has been in use to a greater 
or less extent from Southold's earliest years until the 
present time. The Rev. J. H. Ballou, pastor of the Uni- 
versalist church of this village, will now read from that 
identical family Bible. 

The Rev. Mr. Ballou remarked : The passage which 1 
have chosen for this occasion is the sixth chapter of Deu- 
teronomy. He then read it. 

The Rev. Dr. Whitaker said : The congregation are 
requested to join the choir in singing the psalm which is 
printed on the fifth page of the programme. It is found, 
with other psalms and music of the same character, in 
the appendix of the old Bible whose words we have just 
heard. The music has been properly arranged by Mr. D. 
P. Horton, the leader of the choir. 

Mr. Horton said : After the manner of the olden time, 
you will please join in singing the first stanza in uni- 
son, as was done in those days ; the next, as you may 
choose. The congregation will rise and join in the pitch 
and all sing. 



AD TE DOMINE. 



27 



m 



AD TE DOMINE. Pfalm xxv. T. S. 

From the old Bible. Arranged by D. P. Horton. 

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28 SOUTHOLn's CELEBRATION. 

When the psalm had been sung, the Chairman said : 
Wherever the English language is spoken, and far beyond, 
there is no need of words of introduction for the Rev. Dr. 
Storrs, who will now address you. 

The Rev. Dr. Storrs then delivered the following ad- 
dress. 



REV. DR. STORRS ADDRESS. 29 



THE SOURCES AND GUARANTEES OF 
NATIONAL PROGRESS. 

by the rev. richard s. storrs, d.d., ll.d. 

Mr. President, Ladies and Gentlemen : 

It is a happy and wholesome impulse which prompts us 
to look back from principal anniversaries to the character 
and the work of those from whose life our own has 
sprung, and of the fruit of whose labors we gratefully 
partake. No effects which are not morally beneficent can 
follow celebrations like that of to-day ; and I gladly re- 
spond to the courtesy which invites me— though a stranger 
to most of you, not a descendant of the settlers of South- 
old, only incidentally connected with its history through 
the fact that an ancestor of mine, a hundred and twenty- 
seven years ago, became pastor of its church, with the 
smaller fact that I have a pleasant summer-home within 
its old bounds— to take part with you in this commemor- 
ation. The special line of thought presenting itself to me 
in connection with the occasion will want, of course, the 
sparkHng lights and shifting colors of local reminiscence, 
but I hope that it may not seem unsuited to the day, or 
wholly unworthy of that kind attention on which I am 
sure that you will suffer me to rely. 

The two and a half centuries of years which have 
silently joined the past since the settlement by EngHsh- 
men of this typical American town have witnessed, as we 
know, a wide, various, in the aggregate effect an aston- 
ishing change, in the conditions and relations of peoples^ 
especially of those peoples whose place in modern history 
is most distinguished, and with which our public connec- 
tion has been closest. We get, perhaps, our clearest im- 
pression of the length of the period which presents itself 
for review as we recall some particulars of the change ; 



30 SOUTHOLD S CELEBRATION. 

and it is a fact of encouraging- significance that almost 
uniformly the lines of change have been in the direction 
of better things : toward the limitation of despotic au- 
thority, the wider extension and firmer establishment 
of popular freedom, toward a more general educa- 
tion, with a freer and more animating Christian faith ; 
toward improved mechanisms, widened commerce, the 
multiplication within each nation of the institutes and 
ministries of a benign charity, the association of nations 
in happier relations. This prevailing trend in the general 
movement of civilized societies can hardly be mistaken, 
A rapid glance at some prominent facts of the earlier 
time, with our general remembrance of the courses on 
which Christendom has advanced, will make it appa- 
rent. 

It is a circumstance which at once attracts an interested 
attention that in the same year in which Pastor Youngs 
and his associated disciples here organized their church, 
and within a fortnight of the same date, the memorable 
Long Parliament was assembled at Westminster, the con- 
vening of which had been made inevitable by darkening 
years of royal imposition and popular discontent, the 
public spirit and political ability combined in which had 
probably been equaled in no previous parliament, and 
which was destined, in the more than twelve years of its 
stormy life, to see and to assist prodigious changes in the 
civil and religous system of England. It was more than 
eight years after the settlement which we celebrate that 
the scaffold at Whitehall received the stately and tragic 
figure of Charles First, and sharply cut short his ambitions 
and his life. It was more than eighteen years after the 
Indian title had here been purchased when the death of the 
great Lord Protector opened the way for the return of 
Charles Second, with his dissolute reign of revel and jest. 
It was almost half a century before the reign of William 
and Mary introduced the new and noble era into the 
kingdom which had staggered so long under sorrows and 
shames. We go back to the day of Strafford and Laud, 



REV. DR. STORRS' ADDRESS. 3' 

of Hampden and Pym, of the Star Chamber and the High 
Commission, as we think of those who reared the first 
houses upon this plain. 

The contrast of what was at the same period with 
what now is, is not less striking, in some respects it is 
more impressive, if we cross the channel and recall what 
was going on in the principal states of the continent. It 
was more than two years from the date of this settlement 
before the death of the crafty and daring Cardinal Riche- 
lieu delivered France, amid unusual popular rejoicings, 
from his imperious and unscrupulous rule. It was nearly 
three years before the commencement, under the regency 
of Anne of Austria, of the long, splendid, detestable reign 
of Louis XIV. It was twelve years before the close of 
the war of the Fronde, and forty-five years before that 
revocation of the Edict of Nantes which pushed hundreds 
of thousands of her noblest children out of France, the 
cost of which to the kingdom, in character and power 
even more than in riches, could never be computed, the 
disastrous effects of which are evident to-day in its social, 
religious and political life. 

When the early colonists came to these distant plains 
the Thirty Years' War was raging in Germany, with a 
fury exasperated by the unparalleled strife and ravage of 
the preceding twenty-two years. Gustavus Adolphus 
had fallen in death in the fog at Lutzen, and his caprici- 
ous and eccentric daughter Christina, though formally 
enthroned, was a petulant girl of fourteen years, only held 
in check by the masterful intelligence and the dominating 
will of the great Chancellor Oxenstiern. The eighty 
years' war of the Netherlands against Spain was not yet 
diplomatically ended, though even Spanish arrogance and 
prelatical fury could hardly hope longer for final success. 
Barneveldt had been twenty-one years in his grave ; but 
Grotius, though an exile from the country to which he 
had given loyal service and a beautiful renown, was at 
the height of his fame in Europe, and the future illustrious 
grand pensionary of Holland, John DeWitt, was an aspir- 



32 SOUTHOLD S CELEBRATION, 

ing lad of fifteen years. Interior Germany had been 
wasted beyond precedent, almost, one might say, beyond 
belief, by the tremendous struggle through which it was 
still painfully passing on the way to the era of religious 
toleration ; the peace of Westphaha was only to be 
reached eight years later, October 24, 1648 ; and the in- 
terval was to be measured not so much by years, or even 
by decades, as by successions of generations, before the 
vast elements of strength, political, military, educational, 
religious, which have since belonged, and which now be- 
long, to the most commanding empire in Europe, were to 
come to free historic exhibition. Forty-three years after 
Southold was settled the Turkish armies, with barbaric 
ferocity and fatahstic fanaticism, were beleaguering 
Vienna, and the famous capital was only saved from cap- 
ture and sack by the consummate daring and military 
skill of John Sobieski, king of the Poland which in less 
than ninety years was to be brutally dismembered. 

Prussia, which now is supreme in Germany, did not be- 
come a kingdom, the elector of Brandenberg was not 
strong enough to assume a crown, till more than sixty 
years after these fields and forest spaces had felt the 
thrust of the plow and rung with the stroke of the English 
ax. In the same year in which the first houses were 
raised here Portugal was successful in wrenching itself 
from that Spanish clutch which sixty years before had 
been fastened upon it by Philip Second, and the power of 
Spain, already diminished more than it knew by the recent 
insensate expulsion of the Moors, was further reduced 
through this resumption by Portugal of its proper auton- 
omy. Urban Eighth, who led the way in condemning 
the Jansenists, was the head at the time of the Roman 
Catholic world, and the fierce zeal which seventy years 
earlier had instigated and celebrated the awful massacre 
of St. Bartholomew's was still a vicious prevailing force 
in Southern Europe. In the north of the continent Peter 
the Great, with whom the modern history of Russia be- 
gins, was not born till after the first pastor of this church 



REV. DR. STORRS ADDRESS. ^;^ 

had fulfilled his useful ministry here of thirty-two years, 
and had been laid in his honored grave. 

Even a fragmentary outline like this, indicating a few 
prominent points in the half chaotic condition of Europe 
two and a half centuries ago, will serve to remind us what 
astonishing changes have there occurred since this mod- 
est but beautiful town was started on its prosperous 
course. The swift i-eview brings prophecy with it. A 
general progress unmistakably appears, amid whatever 
clash of ambitions or whirls of change. Events seem hur- 
rying, as if the history of mankind were drawing nearer 
a destined consummation. One cannot well resist the 
impression of a forecasting and governing purpose, which 
cannot be wearied, and which on the large scale never is 
baffled ; which has ages for its days, which makes nations 
its ministers, and the perfect fulfillment of whose august 
plans is to transform the earth into a paradise of wider 
extent than the primeval, in a loveHer beauty, through 
universal righteousness and peace. 

But these changes in other lands, remarkable as they 
are, are hardly as full of animating promise as are those 
occurring in the same period in the nation which has 
sprung to sudden greatness out of distributed towns like 
this. The change has come here chiefly in the way of 
development, with rapid simultaneous accretions from 
abroad, rather than in the way of convulsive and fractur- 
ing organic change ; but how amazing in the aggregate it 
has been ! It is hard to recognize the fact that at the 
time of the settlement of this village Hartford and New 
Haven were insignificant hamlets, including each a church 
and a graveyard, with a few poor houses ; that only the 
obscure and winding Bay Path anticipated in New Eng- 
land that comprehensive railway system which now over- 
lays it with meshes of iron ; that only an unimportant hud- 
dle of houses around a small fort marked the site of the 
present magnificent commercial metropolis, one of the 
financial centers of the world ; that the Swedes and Finns 
were just beginning their short-lived colony on the Dela- 



34 southold's celebration. 

ware ; and that more than forty years were still to elapse 
before the peace-loving Quakers were to take advantage 
of that royal grant to William Penn which was not made 
till 1 68 1. Over all the now resounding continental ex- 
panses the Indians were lords paramount, where in gen- 
eral to-day they are scarcely recalled save by legend or 
history, as starting trains of ethnological inquiry or inspir- 
ing efforts of Christian charity — sometimes, perhaps, with 
an evil twist of what was fierce or childish in them, as 
hideously caricatured in the Ku-Klux disguise, or supply- 
ing a title for the chief members of the Tammany society. 
The few thousands of English, Dutch and Swedish immi- 
grants, then clustering lonesomely along the narrow At- 
lantic edge, are now multiplied, as we^now, into a vast 
cosmopolitan people, numbering nearly sixty-five millions, 
and increasing in an accelerating ratio. The imperfect 
and frail early alliance between the colonies of Plymouth, 
Massachusetts, Connecticut and New Haven, whose brief 
life did not begin till three years after this town was set- 
tled, has been succeeded by the immense organized union 
of forty-four powerful States, exuberant with vigor, 
proudly independent in local affairs, but for national con- 
cerns compacted in a unity which nothing but the split- 
ting of the continent can disturb ; and the pinching pov- 
ery of the time to which we reverently look back has 
been followed by that extraordinary wealth which makes 
the nation one of the richest in the world, and to which 
mine, meadow and sea, the factory and the prairie, the 
cotton field, the sugar field, oil wells and fisheries, even 
quarry and forest, under the skilled enterprise of man, are 
adding prodigiously all the time. 

Whatever special lines of comparison we follow, the 
same amazing contrast appears. The only institution for 
any education higher than that of the common school was 
then the recent and small one at Cambridge, to which 
only two years before this village began had come Har- 
vard's bequest of money and books. What multitudes of 
colleges, seminaries, professional schools, institutes of 



REV. DR. STORRS ADDRESS. 35 

learning and of training, of every grade, for both the 
sexes, now fill the land, I need not remind you. The 
country is almost too crowded with them, while every de- 
partment of human knowledge is fairly or richly repre- 
sented among them. A newspaper was, of course, not 
imagined on these shores when the Indian wigwams began 
to retreat before the habitations of civilized man. None 
was known in England till this town had been settled 
twenty-three years. The first in America was still more 
than sixty years in the distance. Yet a small printing 
press had been brought from England to Cambridge, and 
an almanac was soon issued from it. In the year of the 
commencement of this village the " Bay Psalm Book " ap- 
peared, from the same press, to quicken with rude versi- 
fication of Hebrew lyrics the praises of those who were 
laboring and enduring for God on these unsubdued 
coasts. It is never to be forgotten that the early office of 
the press in this country was to give an expression, how- 
ever unskilled, to the reverent and grateful adoration of 
those who felt themselves nearer to God because exiles 
from home, and to whom, in the midst of penury, cold, 
hardship, of wasting sickness and savage assault. He had 
given songs in the night. " The New England Primer" 
was in spirit a natural companion of this, though later in 
appearance, the date of the first edition being uncertain, 
the second following in 1691. Bunyan's " Pilgrim's Pro- 
gress " had been reprinted earlier, in 168 1. The poems 
of Anne Bradstreet had preceded this, in 1678. Morton's 
" New England's Memoriall " had come from the same 
press in 1669. Books like these were designed of course 
for English readers, while a fervent missionary temper 
prompted others for the Indians. Eliot was not able in 
1640 to address those near him in their own tongue, but 
no long time passed before he had mastered the Massa- 
chusetts dialect of the Algonquin language, and had begun 
to convey into it the entire Bible. A catechism for the 
Indians was published by him in 1654. His translation 
of the Scriptures appeared in 1661 and 1663, from the 



36 southold's celebration. 

press to which it gave renewed consecration. An Indian 
primer followed in 1669. His translation of Baxter's 
"Call to the Unconverted," in 1664, was followed by oth- 
ers till 1689 ; and the work of the Cambridge press for the 
Indians was continued into the following century. 

These inamabnla, or " cradle books " of New England, 
with the others, principally sermons and theological es- 
says, for which collectors now make indefatigable search, 
were not imposing in size or style, were commonly rude 
in typographical execution. Their relative antiquity 
alone commends them to modern attention. But there 
was certainly a large prophecy in them. 

To what practically immeasurable proportions the lit- 
erature of the country has since expanded we all are 
aware, how many distinguished native authors have con- 
spired for its enrichment, how familiarly at home in it are 
choice translations from other tongues, how copiously the 
eloquence and song of other centuries address through 
it attentive minds, what abundance and brilliance it adds 
all the time to American life ! Either one of several ot 
our current magazines is a better exponent of the modern 
civilization than the Parthenon was of the Hellenic, or the 
Forum Romanum of that which ruled from the Tiber ; 
and the yearly issues of these alone are counted in the 
millions. 

Of necessity, these changes," and the others which they 
suggest, have not come without vast endurance and en- 
deavor, the record of which occupies volumes, the report 
of which gives distinction to the continent. The steady 
advance of a civilized population from the seaboard to the 
fertile interior ; the training of the ever-multiplying peo- 
ple to public administration, in local congregations, in 
town meetings, in provincial assemblies ; the repeated 
French and Indian wars, exhausting but educating, scar- 
ring with fire the lengthening frontier, but making homes 
always more dear ; the multiform movements, political, 
commercial, military, religious, ultimating in what we call 
the Revolution — which was, in fact, a predestined Evolu- 



REV. DR. STORRS' ADDRESS. 37 

tion, in special circumstances and on a vast scale, of the 
inherent life of the people ; the closing severance from 
Great Britain, and the speedy establishment of our Gov- 
ernment, with its co-ordinate departments of authority, its 
careful limitations and its sovereign functions ; the follow- 
ing periods of political discussion, and of free and confi- 
dent legislative action; the ever-inflowing immigration 
from abroad, of those attracted by virgin fields, by the 
absence of oppressive restrictions, and by the stir of an 
eager and fruitful popular enterprise ; the introduction of 
more powerful forces and more elaborate mechanisms into 
diversified fields of labor ; the sudden transportation of a 
courageous and well equipped empire over alkali plains 
and rocky crests, to the sunny and golden slopes of the 
Pacific; the final climactic civil war, in whose bloody 
crash it seemed at times that the nation must sink, but 
from which it came with a nobler and an enduring power ; 
the crowning glory of that emancipating Edict which had 
been purchased by inestimable sacrifice of treasure and 
of life, which exiled Slavery from our shores and lifted to 
freedom the millions of a race — all these events, with 
others which have followed, have marked the stages of 
the astonishing progress in which we rejoice, at which 
the world wonders, by the narrative of which human 
history is enriched. 

It is through these that the feeble communities of 
two and a half centuries ago have been steadily, at 
length victoriously changed, into the magnificent national 
organism which now faces mankind upon these shores. 
The process has at times seemed slow, has sometimes 
been stormy, sometimes bloody ; but the final result is 
evident and secure. The little one has become a thou- 
sand, and the small one a strong nation ; the Lord hath 
hastened it in His time; and imagination fails to prefig- 
ure what hereafter is to follow. We need no sign in the 
sky to assure us that a power greater and a plan more far 
reaching than any of man have been implied in the pro- 
gress ; and it does not seem presumptuous to expect that 



38 southold's celebration. 

consummations are still to be reached yet more delightful 
and more stupendous. 

Standing then for a little at this point, after the general 
survey which the hour has seemed irresistibly to prompt, 
the question almost imperiously meets us : What are the 
essential sources and guarantees, under God, of that 
national progress the desire for which is common to peo- 
ples? How comes it to pass that, occasionally at least, 
out of weakness and obscurity emerges immense political 
strength ? that scattered hamlets multiply and consoli- 
date into an empire ? that settlements as feeble to human 
eyes, at the beginning as wanting in promise, as ever were 
planted, come to take a place as prominent as any, so far 
as we can foresee as permanent as any, in the history of 
the world ? The question is one of vast interest and im- 
portance. It is apt to the occasion. It is emphasized by 
the fact that not a few peoples, in recent as in earlier 
times, if not sinking in definite decay, have failed to 
achieve the progress which they sought. It meets us at 
a time when, in regions separated by continents and 
oceans, the nascent beginnings are appearing of what it is 
hoped may some time or other become civilized states. It 
has at the same time vital relation to the strong hope 
which we entertain for the future security and advancing 
development of the nation to which our hearts are bound. 
Let us think of it then, in this morning hour, and rise 
if we may from the local to the general, from facts 
which we gladly recall to the vital principles which they 
imply. 

It is idle to imagine that there is any impersonal vitality, 
belonging to assemblages of persons or of households, out 
ojf which social progress comes as by unconscious evolu- 
tion, the rude tribe becoming the instructed and aspiring 
community almost as the plant is unfolded from the seed, 
the stately tree from the growing shoot, or the perfect 
form of manly strength or feminine grace from the infant 
or the embryo. A fancy of this sort may entertain specu- 
lative minds, whose theories in the air are to them more 



REV. DR. STORRS ADDRESS. 39 

significant than suggestions of facts, and who are ready at 
a half hour's notice to reconstruct society and to forecast 
its progress, according to some imaginative scheme. But 
the obstinacy of facts does not yield to dexterity of the- 
ory; and communities do not stand upon paper plans. 
The social instinct is of course at the base of civilization. 
But this instinct may be only disturbed or displaced by 
the effect of local proximity, feuds becoming intensified 
thereby, suspicious animosity overruling the tendency to 
moral affiliation ; while, always, the primitive instinct for 
society requires many things external to itself for the 
promotion of general progress. If this were otherwise, 
none of the early peoples of the world, long associated, 
would be now in a state of inert barbarism, as they obvi- 
ously are in Africa, Australia, in the islands of the Pacific, 
or in Patagonia. If this were otherwise, it is difficult to see 
why a progress commenced, and carried to points of con- 
siderable success, should be afterward fatally interrupted, 
as it certainly has been in many countries, as it was, for 
example, among the mound builders on this continent. 
It is a notion unsupported by history, that the inherent 
life of a people, associated in vicinity of residence, or ever 
allied by ties of blood, will of itself assure the final mag- 
nificent effect of a prosperous, strong and advancing 
society. 

Nor can this be assured by any pleasantness of environ 
ment, with rich and various physical opportunities thus 
set before peoples. Doubtless the natural circumstances 
of climate, soil, vicinity to the sea, the frequency and 
the breadth of rivers, the reach of forests or of arable 
lands, the proximity of mountains and hill-ranges, the ac- 
cessible metallic and mineral resources — these have large 
effect on communities when the force which works for 
civilization is established among them. But the influence 
is secondary, not primary, of auxiliary rather than of car- 
dinal importance ; and regions beautiful, healthful, fertile, 
have continued for centuries the home of barbarians, 
while comparatively rugged and sterile lands have only 



40 SOUTHOLD S CELEBRATION. 

braced to new vigor the will of peoples, and pushed their 
inventive and conquering force to supreme activity. In 
comparison with many others Scotland is a poor and un- 
promising country ; but the strenuous and disciplined en- 
ergy of its sons has made it the seat of as noble a civiliza- 
tion as the pages of history have to show, while districts 
under temperate skies, with navigable rivers, inexhausti- 
ble riches beneath the soil, with fields only waiting the 
baptism of industry to make them bloom in abounding 
harvests, remain the homes of the nomad or the savage. 

We may not forget that our own country, with all the 
immeasurable natural advantages which the European 
mind has discovered and used in it, was possessed and 
used in their rude way, for ages which no one is able to 
reckon, by the cliff dwellers, the mound builders, and 
by the tribes which our fathers here met, which not 
only had not attained civilization, which have shown them- 
selves unready to accept under subsequent pressure its 
limitations and its privilege. These smiling heavens 
beamed as brightly over them as over us. The waters 
were as near, the open fields were as inviting, to them as 
to us; and no intervening commerce has brought to any 
part of our country one element of wealth, in mine or 
quarry, in rippling stream or opulent hillside, which was , 
not as present to them as to us. It is something behind 
all natural environment which gives to a people the pro- 
mise of progress. We have not found the secret of this 
when we have measured the mountains in scales, and have 
counted the hills, when the acreage of tillable land has 
been reckoned, and the push of streams against mill 
wheels has been stated in figures. The depth saith. It is 
not in me ! and the sea saith, 1 cannot declare it ! Neither 
sunshine nor dew, the fattening rains, nor the breath of 
long summer, can build feeble communities into great 
commonwealths, or crown the regions which they make 
attractive with the triumphs and trophies of a noble and 
happy human society. 

Nor can this be done by the occasional extraordinary 



REV. DR. STORRS ADDRESS. 4I 

force of master minds, rising above the general level, and 
giving teaching and impulse to the ruder peoples among 
whom they appear. Such minds have their conspicuous 
office, but we are prone to overestimate their effect, even 
when the suddenness of their advent makes them impres. 
sive. Creative spirits are excessively rare in human his- 
tory. The most commanding sons of men, like Gautama 
or Confucius, are apt to be followed by a moral childish, 
ness among the peoples whom they singularly surpass, and 
who afterward look to them as ultimate models. Aside 
from such pre-eminent instances, the most distinguished 
in any time hardly do more than set forth existing ten- 
dencies, with a fresh, perhaps a multiplying, energy. 
They are gilded hgures on a dial, marking a movement 
which they did not initiate. Their influence is usually 
limited, sporadic ; and the public temper which it affects is 
likely to be confirmed by it rather than changed. King 
Philip was not only an experienced warrior but a passionate 
patriot, and in some sense a statesman. There have been 
others in the Indian tribes fervent of spirit, eloquent in 
speech, shrewd in plan, and discerning of needs which 
they could not supply. Bnt the influence of such men 
never has brought, in th'jusands of years it would not 
bring, a true civilization. That must spring from other 
sources ; must be erected and maintained by influences 
broader, more pervasive and permanent, and more con- 
trolling. 

Seeing the evident insufficiency of either of the forces 
which I have named to account for the progress of differ- 
ent peoples toward the harmony, power, culture and 
character which belong to an advanced society, men are 
sometimes inclined to find an element of fatalism in it ; or, 
if religious in tone, to discover a determining Divine pur- 
pose in the development of states — a purpose which does 
not necessarily doom certain peoples to live in degra- 
dation, but which elects others to a finer and larger gen- 
eral progress, and assigns to them historic positions for 
which they had not been self-prepared. An example of 



42 SOUTHOLD S CELEBRATION. 

this is believed to be presented by the Hebrew nation. 
More or less distinctly it is felt by many that the provi- 
dential plan appearing in the Roman Empire, and framing 
it to a majestic arena for the victories of Christianity — 
the plan afterward indicated in the tremendous collisions 
and comminglings of barbarous tribes in Central and 
Southern Europe, out of which grew the great states of 
the continent — the plan suggested in later times by the 
mighty advance of English and German speaking peoples 
to commercial, political, educational pre-eminence, one 
may fairly say to the leadership of the world — that all 
these show distant selection, on the part of Him who 
rules mankind, of communities to serve Him ; on which 
He bestows endowments and a training suited to His pur- 
pose, which others do not share. I certainly do not ques- 
tion, I reverently recognize, the beneficent cosmical plans 
of Him who is on high. The indication of them is as gen- 
eral in the Scriptures as is the sapphire tint on the waters 
of yonder Bay. Their reality approves itself to highest 
thought, and moral intuition. They give the only supernal 
dignity to what goes on on this whirling orb, which arith- 
metic measures in miles and tons. To trace them is the 
philosophy of history. But I do not find that God any- 
where builds a nation to greatness by sheer exertion of 
arbitrary power, any more than He covers rocks with 
wheat-sheaves, or makes rivers flow in unprepared courses 
without rills behind. He works by means ; and, in the 
development of modern states, by means which involve 
no element of miracle. In our time, certainly, no people 
is made strong by Him in spite of itself. He opens the 
opportunity, supplies physical conditions, gives needful 
faculty and the impulse to use it, and leaves communities 
to work out for themselves the vast and complex practical 
problem. Not even the Hebrew nation was made by 
Him the monotheistic herald of the Gospel, except by 
means : of the patriarchal training ; of the bondage in 
Egypt, which taught civilization, but associated the allur- 
ing heathenism with tyrannic oppression ; of the signal 



REV. DR. STORRS ADDRESS. 43 

deliverance ; of long wandering in the wilderness, suc- 
ceeded by strange fruitfulness in Canaan ; of the storm 
and stress of the time of the Judges ; of pious and 
licentious kings, almost equally testifying to the su- 
preme value of a virtuous rule ; of internal division 
following always decay of worship ; of the exile to Baby- 
lon ; of the final loss of national autonomy, and the raising 
of hated defiling standards above the hallowed courts of 
the Temple. The Divine plan, even here, clearly contem- 
plated conditions and processes. It does so always, in the 
education of nations ; and while all that we have, or that 
any people has, is the gift of God, He has given it through 
means, which for the most part our unassisted human 
thought can extricate and trace. 

So, again, we come back to our principal question : 
What are the conditions of that slow but unfailing public 
progress which requires generations, perhaps centuries, 
for accomplishment, but examples of which, with equally 
signal examples of the want of it, we familiarly see ? To 
give a full answer, volumes would be needed. Some rapid 
suggestions of a partial reply will not, I hope, unreasona- 
bly detain us. 

Undoubtedly we must start with the assumption of a 
fairly strong stock, not deficient in native vigor, at least 
not hopelessly drained of life-force by previous centuries 
of hereditary vice. God hath made of one blood all 
nations of men, for to dwell on all the face of the earth, 
the apostle instructs us. We may not dispute the in- 
spired declaration. But there may be original differences 
among peoples, in respect of capacity and social aptitude, 
as there are among children of the same household : and 
certainly lust, laziness, cruelty, dominating an ancestry 
through long periods, enthroned and transmitted in he- 
reditary custom, associated with religious observance, and 
impressing the mind and spirit of generations, may work 
a depravation of moral and even of physical life which 
shall make civilization in effect impossible. 

There is a fateful Nemesis in history, and here it ap- 



44 SOUTHOLD S CELEBRATION. 

pears. One cannot by any process build weeds into trees, 
or give to weak parasites the tough and solid fiber of 
oaks. We are to work, for peoples as for persons, with 
hopeful confidence in the instruments which have been 
elsewhere effective. But for some, of either order, the 
day of redemption seems to have passed. There are peo- 
ples which vanish, as by an evil necessity, before the in- 
coming of new arts and nobler thoughts, of the fresh as- 
piration and larger obligation which belong to an ad- 
vanced society ; while there are others which stolidly and 
stubbornly resist these to the end, being apparently no 
more susceptible to a pure and refining moral instruction 
than is iron slag to the kiss of the sunshine. Like that* 
they must be reduced, if at all, in the fierce assault of fur- 
nace heats. The inhabitants of some of the Pacific is- 
lands furnish sufficient examples of the one class. Illus- 
trations of the other appear not infrequently, with sad 
distinctness, among the coarser savage tribes. 

The most promising stock for a rich and progressive 
civilization is probably always a mingled stock, in which 
different elements conspire, and the life of various peo- 
ples finds a common exhibition. The Egyptian, Assyrian, 
Roman annals illustrate this, as do those in later times of 
the nations which now lead the march of mankind. The 
amalgam of Corinthian brass, though the humbler metals 
of silver and copper were mixed in it with gold, was a 
composite material of more renowned and various use 
than either of the contributing metals. It might well have 
been used, according to the old tradition, to fashion sa- 
cred vessels for the temple. So a composite national stock, 
in which concurrent elements combine, from different 
yet related and assimilated tribes, is usually capable of 
largest patience and most persistent endeavor, while sus- 
ceptible also of finest polish. 

But even such a stock does not necessarily insure the 
attainment of a noble civilization. In order to this su- 
preme effect particular traits must appear, inherent, con- 
stitutional, though constantly reinforced as they ripen 



REV. DR. STORRS' ADDRESS. 45 

into habit. One of these is, a primary one, readiness for 
Labor, in any needed and useful form, and for faithful 
continuance in such labor. Inhabitants of regions where 
nature unassisted supplies food and raiment, shelter from 
heats, with inviting opportunities for indolent pleasure, 
are enfeebled and demoralized by their environment. 
The strongest will grows languid and limp when not chal- 
lenged to an educating exertion. The general mind inter- 
mits effort for which outward occasions do not call. The 
spirit sinks easily into contentment with a self-indulgent, 
care-free existence, vacant of impulse, and equally vacant 
of well earned success. If the instinct which craves ex- 
citement continues, as doubtless it must, it will find its 
only wretched satisfaction in feasting and in fights. Even 
a nomadic pastoral people is almost sure to be satisfied 
with semi-civilized conditions, and to be intent chiefly on 
protecting and multiplying the milk and flesh and fleece 
of its flocks. The tribal government will be enough for 
it ; and moving tents, seeking ever " the pastures of the 
wilderness," will take the place of established homes and 
rising cities. 

Civilization organically begins with strenuous, patient, 
purposeful labor ; and the more various and persistent 
this labor, the surer and larger is the progress. Any peo- 
ple which shirks it is predestined to decline. In leveling 
forests, subduing uncultured lands to tillage, as barbarians 
do not ; in building houses, and combining them in vil- 
lages ; in bridging streams, constructing public roads, find- 
ing out and clearing practicable passes ; in making nutri- 
tive grains replace the wild grasses, and rearing the rude 
watermill or windmill to turn maize and wheat into bread 
material ; in damming or diverting streams, and rescuing 
meadows from morasses; after a time, in piercing the 
earth with drills of mine-shafts, and bringing fuel and 
wealth from beneath ; in forging metals, fabricating uten- 
sils, supplying more abundantly the general equipment 
and furniture of life ; — in all these ways, and in others 
related, the labor which is a vital condition of public pro- 



46 southold's celebration. 

gress challenges peoples, while other larger works will 
follow : to facilitate interchange of products, inter-com- 
munication of thought and purpose between separated 
communities ; to build villages into towns, and towns into 
statelier cities ; to conquer the wider water spaces, after a 
time the sea itself, through vessels of greater capacity and 
strength ; to furnish, in a word, the advancing society 
with whatever it needs for comfort, security, augmented 
wealth, expanded knowledge, a more satisfactory and di- 
versified pleasure. 

Intelligence comes thus, with an ever increasing sense 
of vigor. Hopefulness and courage are born of work 
which tasks yet rewards. It teaches economy, patience, 
forecast. The idea of property, if not thus suggested, is 
confirmed and reinforced ; and the idea of property, 
against which foolish or frantic sciolists passionately de- 
claim, is a root-idea in social progress. Invention is stimu- 
lated, and machineries to make labor more easy and fruit- 
ful are devised and elaborated. Government tends, with 
sure advance, to become at once popular and strong, for 
the conservation of interests and properties. It will not 
be long before the instructed and stimulated mind of a 
people so trained will insist on associating beauty of form 
with fineness of contrivance, and making aesthetic art an 
ally of industrial. Intellectual effort, of whatever sort, is 
profoundly related to labor, finding inspiration in that to 
which it offers beauty and breadth. Science begins in the 
tussle with nature. Philosophy has its vital genesis, not 
in indolent day dreams, but in the serious thought which 
accompanies work. Literature rises in grace and bloom 
from cloven rocks and the upturned sod. Libraries and 
colleges have their roots in the field. There is a sense, 
and a true one, in which the richest poetry of a people, 
alive with fine thought and spiritual impulse, was in its 
inception a Song of Labor. The spiritual thus follows the 
physical, in preordained sequence ; and each generation, 
under such conditions, will tend to advance on the preced- 
ing, the rugged roots to rise to the height and expand to 



REV. DR. STORRS ADDRESS. 47 

the fullness of a noble human society. Political ideolgists 
are not of much account in a young community. Effect- 
ive popular industry is the indispensable foundation of 
real civilization. Whatever limits it — whether slavery 
which degrades it, or tyranny which despoils it of reward, 
or agrarian theories, which offer luxury to the lazy through 
plunder of the laborious, or the fatuous indolence which 
does not care for the goods that labor procures — every- 
thing of this sart makes social progress improbable or im- 
possible. The giant was refreshed when he touched the 
earth. Any people that will grapple the stubborn soil, and 
make it yield sustenance and riches, is sure to advance. 
Any people that will not, will only add another skeleton 
to the multitudes of those strewing the caravan-tracks of 
time. " To labor is to pray" was an ancient maxim, within 
limits a true one. "Cruce ct Aratro,'" by Cross and Plough, 
was a motto of the monks who civilized Europe. Relig- 
ion itself becomes a more educating power in communi- 
ties which take hold, with resolute energy, on the Divine 
forces which make the earth fruitful ; and the Gospel has 
a constant part of its civilizing power in the large honor 
which it puts upon labor : showing hands which held the 
prerogative of miracles using common instruments, pre- 
senting chiefest apostles as in more than one sense " mas- 
ter workmen." The roughest regions become kindly 
cradles for peoples who will work. The amplest conti- 
nent, the most smiling skies, convey no promises to the 
lazy. 

But even such readiness for labor in placid and conge- 
nial ways is not enough to build a people into virile and 
disciplined national strength. There must be, also, a read- 
iness for Struggle, to defend and preserve what labor ac- 
quires. It has been suspected, not without reason, that 
the early cliff-dwellers on this continent gave example of 
this need, who hollowed for themselves cunning houses 
in the rocks, and fashioned implements of pleasant indus- 
try from horn and bone, sometimes from stone, but who 
were apparently timorous in spirit, and whose silent dis- 



48 southold's celebration. 

appearance is a puzzle of history. Certainly, no tribe with 
weak heart and drooping hands has the promise of per- 
manent national life. While nature and man continue 
what they are, every people must at times do battle for 
existence. Wrestle, as well as work, is a condition of pro- 
gress : wrestle against hostile physical forces ; the fierce 
severities of climate, whose effects may be mitigated where 
the causes cannot be changed ; against powers of pes. 
tilence in the air, the damp and deadly breath of swamps, 
or the destroying overflow of streams ; against whirl of 
storms, which only stanchest vessels can withstand, and 
solidest houses ; sometimes, as in Holland, against the in- 
rush of oceans, which rage along the yielding coasts, 
and are only kept from drowning the land by a dauntless 
spirit putting forth the last efforts of strength and skill. 
It is in such struggle that manhood is nurtured, and the 
heroic element in a people finds keen incitement. The 
south wind soothes, and clothes with sweet blooms the 
shores which it caresses. But it is true now as when 
Kingsley wrote, that 

" — the black Northeaster, 
Through the snowstorm hurled, 
Drives our English hearts of oak, 
Seaward, round the world :" 

and any community which refuses the struggle against 
opposing elements in nature, desiring only gentle satis- 
factions on salubrious plains, fenced about with ramparts 
of hills and responding at once to touch of industry, may 
seem rapidly to secure an unusual measure of happiness 
and of culture, but it will inevitably become morally 
weak, and will be likely to sink, fat-witted and supine, into 
a silent but sure decay. Struggle is as necessary to men 
as to man, in order to radical strength of character : and 
so it is that sterile, harsh and wind-swept regions have been 
often the homes of conspicuous valor, energy, achieve- 
ment. 

But not against threatening physical forces, alone or 
chiefly, is such struggle to be made ; or, as in our early 



REV. DR. STORRS ADDRESS. ' 49 

time, against craft and fierceness of man or beast. It 
must be made against all inimical social forces, which 
limit or endanger social welfare. No community not 
ready for this can reach dignity and power. So laws 
against wrong doing, with sharp penalties speedily and 
unsparingly inflicted, are a necessary element in public 
development. They may be sometimes ill considered, as 
doubtless they were, in prominent instances, in the primi- 
tive New England. A mature system of wise legislation 
is no more to be reached at a single step than a stately 
temple is to be reared on ground from which stumps are 
not extracted, or a modern steamship to be constructed 
and launched on shores which have known nothing larger 
than a yawl. But a system of law, designed to be just, 
certain to be executed, and maintained and enforced with 
unflinching purpose by an imperative public will — this is 
a sign and a fruit of the struggle which every people 
must resolutely make against whatever would vitiate its 
life. If, with a plethoric ungirt lassitude before difficult 
moral endeavors, it leaves conduct to be guided by in- 
clination and passion and capricious self-will, the end will 
be ruin, and it will not be remote. Endicott was utterly 
right in his conviction that great commonwealths could 
never be built on Morton's plan at Merry Mount. By 
peoples, as by persons, life has to be taken seriously, or it 
will not unfold in richest vigor; and the seriousness of the 
public temper is expressed and reinforced not so much 
by industry or commerce as by salutary laws. 

So against oppressive governmental exactions, every 
people must be ready to struggle if it would grow to 
character and power. Rebellion is often a condition of 
life, and readiness to rebel when tyranny brutally limits 
and exacts is an element necessary to any noble popular 
development. Defiance of an established order, when it 
becomes fettering and insolent, is not destructive in final 
effect. It is often essential to highest progress : and pop- 
ular revolutions, even desperate and bloody ones, from 
which history fain would turn its eyes, have contributed. 



50 southold's celebration. 

more than theories of philosophers or plans of statesmen, 
to the foundation of beneficent kingdoms. So equally, of ^ 
course, against a power from without which assails a peo- j 
pie content to grow up upon its own ground, and to seek 
its welfare in unwarlike ways. A war of aggression is al- 
ways demoralizing. A war of defense is as legitimate, on 
occasion as indispensable, as is the local execution of law, 
or the force which breaks a ruffian clutch on child or wife. 
Such were the wars which our fathers faced, against In- 
dian ferocity pushed to the onset by civilized craft. Such 
was, in fact, the war of the Revolution ; and such was the 
terrible Civil War, which was needful to establish for 
coming centuries the indivisible unity of the nation. The 
national flag which floated then, and which floats to-day, 
over army and navy and halls of legislation, over the capi- 
tal of the country, and over its furthest mining camp, was 
the symbol of continental welfare, which might conceiv- 
ably be shattered and buried in the terrific shock of arms, 
but which would not with consent give way before the 
forces represented in council and in battle by the alien 
flag of the Stars and Bars. 

This was only the culminating conflict in a history 
rough with opposing policies and moral collisions. It may 
be hoped that it will be the last in which navies must be 
mustered and armies set within our realm. But it is as 
evident from our annals as from those of other peoples, 
during the recent two centuries and a half, that readiness 
for struggle when occasion demands, as well as for quiet 
and prosperous labor, is a needful condition of national 
progress. Until the millennium is here the necessity for 
contest against what threatens society hardly will cease ; 
and if rapacious and brutal forces, within a State or 
around it, are not to be left to be lords of its destiny, if in- 
dustry is not to be fatally discouraged, progress arrested, 
character impoverished, society wrecked, an advancing 
community must be ready in spirit for any sore struggle 
whenever the fateful hour has come. 

Something beyond even readiness for struggle must go 



REV, DR. STORRS ADDRESS. 5 1 

to the building of permanent States out of small commu- 
nities ; a readiness for Sacrifice, in free subordination of 
local or individual aims to public welfare. This is not 
that effacement of the individual on behalf of the State 
which was the demand of ancient philosophy. It does not 
involve that extinction of local aspiration and right, in 
favor of more general aggrandizement, on which modern 
theory sometimes insists. The surrender which it con- 
templates is intelligent and free, and the temper which 
prompts this is no exceptional religious temper, nor one 
that demands special fineness of nature. It often appears 
among ruder peoples quite as distinctly as among the 
more cultured, and is perhaps most effective in the sim- 
pler societies. But everywhere it is needed, as an element 
of strength. It implies simply a prevalent sense of the 
principal value of general welfare, as that in which local 
or personal interests are essentially infolded, which there- 
fore it is duty and privilege to promote, at the cost of 
whatever may be required. 

Where this spirit appears, the readiness for labor and 
the readiness for struggle are ethically ennobled, and the 
latter especially is kept from unfolding into that destruc- 
tive passion for war which has blinded and blasted so 
many efforts for civilization, which is to-day the fiery curse 
of barbarous people in all parts of the earth. Becoming 
established among any people, this spirit, which seeks with 
chief enthusiasm the public advancement, and is ready to 
serve and sacrifice to secure that, will become, as know- 
ledge increases and thought is widened, a constant power 
of pacification ; while within the State it is the force be- 
yond any other which works for moral organization. A 
vital unity is its product ; completely differenced from the 
superficial combinations which are all that commercial 
ties can compass, or that can be secured by military clamps. 
"Public spirit" is what we properly call this temper, 
which looks first at the commonwealth, and then at the 
local or personal interest. 

Of course, the exact opposite of this often is shown, 



52 southold's celebration. 

even in States where a large prosperity seems to have 
been reached. It is shown, for example, by ruling classes, 
whether limited to a few or embracing many, who are 
chiefly intent on confirming or enlarging- class-privilege, 
and to whom the proposal seems offensive to suspend or 
discard this for the general welfare. It is shown, on the 
other hand, as distinctly, by the anarchist, who insists on 
unhindered personal freedom for the gratification of every 
impulse ; to whom Law is not a majestic ordinance for the 
conservation and furtherance of society, but a malicious 
contrivance of craft, against which it is noble to fight; 
who would wreck the State to have his way. All lawless- 
ness, in fact, involves the same element ; while the law- 
abiding temper is not selfish or abject, but large-minded 
and chivalric. It is the true and noble Loyalty, which 
does not imply attachment to a person, or to an officer, 
but fealty to Law, and which deserves the place that it 
holds in the honor of the wise. It says, in effect, this loyal 
temper, that reserving the rights of conviction and con- 
science, it will yield to the formulated public will; will 
cheerfully subordinate personal interest, and forego ad- 
vantage, for the larger well being ; will serve or suffer, or, 
if need be, will die, that the State may live, and its noblest 
welfare be secure. This is a spirit which tends always to 
confirm yet to regulate the institutes of government ; to 
make laws benign, that they niay be worthy of acceptance 
and homage. It lifts patriotism from the level of an im- 
petuous sentiment to the height of a generous moral pas- 
sion, fine in impulse, emulous of good works wherever 
they are seen. Institutes of learning and of charity will 
be sure to spring up under its inspiration, to be continu- 
ally invigorated in life and enriched in resources ; while 
the ideas and policies which are felt to be essential to 
public progress will take fresh sovereignty in thoughtful 
minds, and will easily evoke the martyr temper : such as 
was shown by those who fell on English fields in defense 
of the ancient liberties of the realm, or who lingered un- 
complaining amid the darkness and filth of dungeons ; 



REV. DR. STORRS ADDRESS. 53 

such as was shown by those who went from small ham- 
lets and scattered farms to meet the British and Hes- 
sian troops in our revolution — only regretting, like Nathan 
Hale, that they had each but a single life to give for the 
country ; such as was shown by those who went lately 
from Sunday school and church, and from beloved Chris- 
tian homes, to wounds and death, and the long pining in 
rebel prisons, on behalf of national unity and honor — and 
by the women who sent them thither. 

In its early exhibition this temper will of course be 
crude and imperfect. Among some peoples it may seem 
wholly wanting. But it is as necessary to public progress 
as air is to life ; and wherever it exists, in vital germ, it 
holds the promise of prosperous advance. A people of a 
strong stock, ready for labor, ready for struggle, and ca- 
pable of sacrifice, on behalf not of personal interests but 
of general advancement, will rise toward greatness in 
spite of whatever obstacles of nature or resistance of man. 
Its progress will be almost as certain as the motion of 
stars. A people morally incapable of this, and eager to 
subordinate public welfare to divergent personal aims, 
cannot be made great by any surroundings, or any 
fortunate admixture of bloods in its primitive stock. 
It was power which made the world. It was sacrifice 
which redeemed it. And this is the diviner element by 
which its peoples must achieve their grandest progress. 
The temper which is ready to make the work of a life- 
time a stepping-stone for others, to toil and to die that 
the nation may prosper, and that other generations may 
reach a larger and lovelier well being — this is the temper 
which honors human nature, which gives an almost per- 
ennial fame to the regions where it rules, and which shows 
to the world illustrious presage. The icy cliffs and chasms 
of Switzerland hardly offer inviting homes to those whose 
lives have been passed upon plains ; yet labor and strug- 
gle have built there rich cities, have made narrow valleys 
laugh with harvests, have terraced hills for fruitful vine- 
yards, have cut channels in astonishing curves through 



54 SOUTHOLD S CELEBRATION. 

the rocky heart of mountains, while the temper, common 
to many, which blazed into historic exhibition in him who 
swept into welcoming bosom the many deadly spears at 
Sempach, to break a breach in the serried phalanx ranked 
behind, has made that beetling crest of Europe an eyrie 
of Liberty for five hundred years. 

Ladies and Gentlemen : I have spoken in this cursory 
and inadequate fashion of the forces required to give co- 
herence, security, growth, to small communities, building 
colonies into states, groups ot hamlets into republics or 
empires. It is important to notice that all these forces — 
readiness for labor, for just and self-protective struggle, 
with the temper which prompts to personal sacrifice for 
commanding common ends — will appear most surely, in 
fruitful and abiding vigor, wherever a people, however 
recent or remote, feels itself related responsibly and use- 
fully to other peoples, to the world-history, and the gov- 
erning scheme of God's kingdom on earth ; where, in 
other words, it has an apprehension of those supreme facts 
which the Bible declares, especially concerning nations, 
as divinely ordained to be co-operating forces in a sub- 
lime cosmical progress, and concerning millennial times to 
come. Where this large conception of things widens, 
exalts and reinforces the mind and spirit of a people, there 
is surer stability, with the promise of a progress vital and 
organic, not artificial. The popular character is ennobled. 
Expansion of outlook becomes habitual. In leading minds 
consecration appears, to world effects ; and to peoples as 
to persons consecration is a prime condition of power. 
Where such subtile and immense moral impressions are 
permanently wanting, no advantage of surroundings, no 
variety and brilliance of force in the people itself, suffice 
to fill the large place of the element which is missed. 

More than anything else it was the want of this super- 
lative force which made the ancient kingdoms weak, in 
spite of superb endowments of nature. The wealth of the 
Egyptian valley, or of the ampler Assyrian plains, the 
stimulating suggestions of sea and sky and purpled hills 



REV. DR. STORRS' ADDRESS. 55 

in the fortunate states of Greece— these were not enough, 
even as connected with singular intellectual powers, to 
assure the lasting prosperity of States. The diviner ele- 
ments needful for this were conspicuously wanting ; and 
whatever shows only a mundane vigor wastes and crum- 
bles in the shock of collisions, or under the grinding at- 
trition of time. Probably the most colossal examples 
given in history of extreme popular weakness beneath 
glowing skies and in the midst of shining riches— a weak- 
ness surely moral in origin rather than physical — were of- 
fered on this hemisphere a century and more before this 
infant settlement began. Men marvel still at the terrify- 
ing suddenness with which the Aztec empire went down, 
or a Uttle later that of the Incas, before the shock of Span- 
ish invasion. One secret of it Hes far in the past. It was 
not merely firearms and horses which enabled the few to 
conquer millions. It was not merely a pleasure-loving 
passivity of temper in the vast and luxurious empires as- 
sailed, which exposed them to the terrific crash. The na- 
tive spirit in either empire was not despicable. It was 
apt for contrivance, skillful in workmanship, with a pa- 
tience and fortitude which rose at times to heroic exhi- 
bition. But the empires were childish ; puerile in fear 
before imagined malign divinities ; cruel accordingly in 
religious custom ; without general knowledge, strength of 
character, public aspiration, or disciplined purpose. So 
the treasures which they amassed became their ruin. In- 
cantations were idle, sacrifices vain. Their pompous cere- 
monial was as tinder before flame, as tinseled paper be- 
fore the stroke of steel-head lances, when smitten by a 
destroying civilized onset ; and that onset took part of its 
terrible force, indirectly and remotely, from the religion 
on which it put a lasting shame. Personally graceless and 
godless as they were, unsparingly condemned in the world's 
tribunal, the invaders showed an energy derived in part 
from the long dominance over their ancestors of supernal 
ideas. Their vigor had not come alone from the mixed 
Iberian blood. It had come in part from that stimulating 



56 southold's celebration. 

faith of whose law and spirit they showed no trace, but 
which in centuries preceding had subdued and invigora- 
ted Vandal and Visigoth, and built Spain to a power 
which then its representatives, at home and abroad, dis- 
played and disgraced. 

It was the same impalpable force of sovereign ideas, 
however imperfectly apprehended, which pushed into 
growing moral unity the jealous and fighting German 
tribes, and prepared them to be the great power which 
they have been in the world's civilization. Charlemagne 
had builded better than he knew, and had done the Sax- 
ons an inestimable service, if only for this world, when he 
hammered them relentlessly, in tremendous campaigns, 
into formal acceptance of these paramount ideas. Once 
accepted, and working more and more into the inner life 
of the people, subordinating yet exalting and multiplying 
its native strength, they have brought the development 
which now the world sees, and in which is one great 
promise of its future. Other tribes, of a natural vigor not 
inferior, continue in a sullen, and so far as their own re- 
source is concerned a hopeless barbarism, because, in spite 
of generous gifts, and of dormant heroic elements, they 
want the uplift of supernal instruction. They are isolated 
and enfeebled by local idolatries, degrading fetichism. 
Only a breath from above can transform them, and turn 
stagnant decay into prosperous progress. So it is that 
the Bible becomes the grand civilizing force on the earth ; 
that every fervent and faithful missionary helps forward 
the simple or savage peoples, or the partially civilized, 
among whom he labors, not toward the heavens only, but 
toward a nobler human society. So it is that the Lord's 
Day, carefully maintained for public religious instruction 
and worship, remains a vital guaranty of the State ; and 
that whatever discredits the Revelation, concerning God, 
man, the future, the rule which nations are bound to obey, 
the providence which is over them, the ultimate ends Avhich 
they are to serve, strikes not only at personal character, 
but at the essential well being of Society. Any nation 



REV. DR. STORRS ADDRESS. 57 

losing its reverence for that which has come from higher 
spheres through prophets and apostles, and by the lips 
and life of the Son, becomes suicidal in tendency and ef- 
fect if not in intent. Of the most advanced, it is true now 
as it was of Israel, that the Law is its life. And any tribe, 
however obscure — hidden behind coral reefs, buried in 
the shades of African jungles — if it vitally accept the 
supreme ideas with which the Bible is eternally instinct, 
will grow in greatness of spirit and of strength. If its 
vigor has not been hopelessly wasted by previous centu- 
ries of lust, animalism, ferocious ignorance, it will come 
to be a nation, or an important component part of one, 
and will continue such while it retains the life-giving 
faith. Obedience to the truth which is opened before us 
in the Word of the Highest, holds the promise of this life, 
as of that which is to come ; and moral forces, which in- 
fidels assail, and at which men of the world disdainfully 
sniff, are immortally supreme in the development of civ- 
ilization. The first popular election known in Japan was 
held there last month. Feudalism has disappeared ; a 
constitution has been established ; the old theory of pater- 
nal government gives place to the theory of one directly 
representative of the people ; and in November the first 
parliament ever assembled in those Islands of the Morn- 
ing is to open its sessions. The best hopes may be enter- 
tained for the future of the empire so long secluded from 
the civilized world, which now seeks eagerly to range it- 
self abreast with advanced States. But these hopes, in 
thoughtful minds, will not rest wholly or chiefly on the 
aptitude of the people for industry, economy, the pursuit 
of information, or for trade, debate, and their peculiar 
forms of art. They will not rest chiefly on the lines of 
railway and telegraph there being constructed, or on the 
annual imports and exports of fifty-odd millions. They 
will find a surer support in the fact that the Bible is now, 
and is always to be, a Japanese book ; that many thous- 
ands of its people have grouped themselves in Christian 
churches ; and that multitudes more are accessible to the 



58 southold's celebration. 

truth which comes to men through both the Testaments. 
The Bible is a lifting force which does not break. A Christ- 
ianized state is full of vitality, not subject to decay. The 
future of Japan is in the hands of those who honor God's 
Word, and whose joy it is to make it known. 

At the end, then, of this imperfect discussion, two things, 
I am sure, come distinctly to view: one, an interpreta- 
tion of that which is past in our national career; the other, 
a prophecy of that which is to come. We cannot miss 
the essential secret of the extraordinary growth which has 
been realized by the American people since its prophetic 
germs appeared. The progress has been wonderful, but 
not magical. It has outrun precedent, and implied the 
guidance of a Providence in the heavens, but has involved 
no element of miracle. 

The settlement here, to which our thoughts to-day go 
back, fairly represented the others made at about the 
same time along our coast, with others afterward in the 
interior. Indeed, recent ones at the West, made in the 
lifetime of many among us, show generally similar char- 
acteristics. Of a strong stock, in which were commin- 
gled different strains of kindred blood, trained to labor 
and self-control, with hereditary instincts claiming free- 
dom as a right, and not shrinking before arbitrary force, 
the early inhabitants of this hamlet were planted on a soil 
offering scant promise to indolence, but an ample reward 
for faithful work. They were ready for labor, ready for 
struggle, accustomed to subordinate personal conveni- 
ence to public welfare, and thoroughly possessed, through 
their fathers and by personal conviction, of the vital and 
magisterial truths which had come by the Bible. It was 
almost impossible, therefore, that their public life should 
not continue and be developed with constant energy. 
Their primitive property was not large, though for the 
time it was respectable. There is a touch of unconscious 
pathos in the brief inventories of their household belong- 
ings. They had few of our familiar instruments, fewer of 
our conveniences, none of our luxuries. They could not 



REV. DR. STORRS ADDRESS. 59 

manufacture, and they could not import. Tea and coffee 
they knew nothing ot ; spices and condiments, of whatever 
sort, they could not buy ; of fruits they at first had none 
at all, save the wild fruits plucked from bushes or vines. 
Corn-meal and milk provided chief nourishment ; " rye 
and Indian" made their bread stuff; and our finer wheat 
flour would have seemed to them almost as wonderful as 
did the manna, the angels' food, to the children of Israel. 
Clocks, carpets, lamps, stoves, they did not possess. Lit- 
tle glass was in their windows ; almost less money was in 
their purses. Few books were in their homes; no pic- 
tures ; and probably the only musical instrument was the 
pitch-pipe. 

Men to-day cast away on a desert island, if saving 
anything from the fittings and cargo of the wrecked 
ship, would probably start with a larger apparatus of 
the furniture of life than the founders of this village pos- 
sessed. But civilization can be built without a carpeted 
base. The piano is not necessary, may not always con- 
tribute, to social harmony. Glass is a convenience, but 
rain and snow can be excluded by wooden shutters, and 
light will pass, not wholly obscured, through oiled paper. 
Books are good, if of a good sort ; but large collections 
of them are not indispensable to the founders of States, 
and more of moral manhood can be learned from hard- 
ship and toil than from all the volumes on crowded 
shelves. Some way, no doubt, must be devised for meas- 
uring and recording time, in order to the useful regula- 
tion of life, in order to any intelligible sequence in gen- 
eral affairs. But this may be done, well enough for the 
purpose, by the dial or hour-glass ; and no English or 
Swiss watches were needed here when trains did not start 
on the minute, and horse races were as wholly in the fu- 
ture as were telephone wires or naphtha launches. 

No doubt the life had sharp privations, was in many 
respects a bleak and hard one, which the physically feeble 
could hardly sustain, from which the morally weak might 
shrink. But the men had that in them, the women too, 



6o southold's celebration. 

which was more important than any aids to a cheerful 
convenience. 

They had the robust strength of soul to which all else 
is merely auxiliary, which can dispense with all else and 
still perform distinguished service. Though their lands, 
unused to civilized handling, required incessant expendi- 
tures of labor, they were ready for these. Though sur- 
rounded by tribes easily becoming suspicious and hostile, 
and accustomed to obey every impulse of greed or anger, 
they were ready to fight for the lands which they had 
bought, and for the small homes which they had reared. 
If their life gave no chance for ease or luxury, was not 
gay and was not picturesque, it had its opportunities and 
its general relations. The lands and waters by which they 
were encompassed supplied a livelihood, and something 
to lay up. With the Bible open in every household, and 
schools established to teach children to read it, they felt 
themselves related to other regions, to other times, to 
great plans of Providence, and to future effects contem- 
plated by these. The nearly fifty University men who 
were in Massachusetts before 1640, the nearly one hun- 
dred who were in New England within ten years after — 
most of them ministers, and many from Emanuel College 
— may not have added notable reinforcement to the phy- 
sical sinews which with ax and mattock, spade and 
ploughshare, were striving to subdue the waste, but they 
brought large thoughts of God and His ways, and they 
made the religion for which they were exiles an element 
of unequaled poAver in the early colonial life. So the 
church was the central fact in this place ; and the minis- 
ter of religion was a principal citizen. He did not ask 
such place of leadership ; it came to him as naturally as 
buds break from their sheaths in spring. Men came to 
worship, summoned probably by conch-shell or horn, 
with matchlocks ready, which rested during the long ser- 
vice on gun-racks still affectionately preserved. They 
were guarded at their worship by armed sentinels, but 
the worship was not intermitted. The eternities touched 



REV. DR. STORRS' ADDRESS. 6l 

time, God spoke to their souls, through the austere and 
solemn discourse. Their prayers were of faith, if in torm 
not liturgic. If their singing was rude, their tunes few, 
the temper of praise was vocal in the dissonance ; and to 
ears on high the seraph's song may not have borne a 
higher tribute. The Lord's Day was the day of general 
communion with the Invisible. The very stilling of all 
sounds of labor or of laughter was a sermon concerning 
the things supreme. The meeting-house was at once 
church, fortress and town hall, in which secular affairs 
were discussed and decided, not merely as a matter of 
present convenience, but because secular things, as done 
for God's service, became also sacred, and the Southold 
hamlet had its part to do for the Divine glory. The Mo- 
saic law was at first its sufBcient code ; and a man must 
be in personal covenant with God, and with His people, to 
have voice and vote in public affairs. 

These and other related facts are happily set forth in 
that excellent history of the town during its first century 
which has been prepared by him, for forty years the pas- 
tor of the church here, in whose presence with us we re- 
joice, and to whom we look for subsequent volumes, con- 
tinuing the narrative to our day. The history which he 
has carefully investigated and affectionately recited is not 
romantic in its incidents and drapery, but it infolds the 
strong forces which I have indicated, and it presents in 
clearest view the sources and guarantees which here ex- 
isted, from the beginning, of the virile and fruitful Ameri- 
can life. As science finds the oak microscopically exhib- 
ited in the living acorn, so here we find the vital germs 
and sure predictions of vast subsequent progress and 
power. It is this robust and resolute life, which sea and 
wilderness could not daunt, and which early privation 
only trained to new vigor, which has shown itself in the 
following career of the people whose beginnings we love 
to remember. It has subdued regions stretching further 
and further toward the sunset, till they abut on the 
shores of the Pacific. It has largely assimilated the ad- 



62 southold's celebration. 

verse elements drawn to our coasts with incessant at- 
traction from foreign lands. It has set itself against for- 
midable political problems, and has found or forced fair 
answers to them. It has uncovered mines, launched a 
vast shipping on lakes and rivers, supplied to the country, 
in a measure to the world, an industrial apparatus of un- 
rivaled effectiveness, built cities by hundreds, towns by 
thousands, and laid down ways of travel and commerce 
to the furthest borders which pioneers reach. It has made 
education more universal than in almost any other coun- 
try, and has sent the institutions and the influence of re- 
ligion wherever the log hut has been raised, wherever 
the camp-fire shows its smoke. In a measure, certainly, 
it has kept alive the early ideal of a nation made by the 
Gospel, as Cotton Mather said that our towns were, and 
applying its principles to pubhc conduct. Without jeal- 
ousy, or excessive ambition, it has sought substantially 
such prosperity as could be wrought by the hard hand 
of labor, and defended in emergency by the mailed hand 
of war : and, therefore, in defiance of whatever obstacle, 
it has brought the nation out of poverty and through 
blood to its present place of distinction in the world, and 
has linked it in relations of amity, correspondence and 
mutual respect, with the great states of Christendom. 

As long as this life continues unwasted it will be ready 
for greater tasks, whatever they may be, which the future 
shall present. The shifting of power from one party to 
another will no more seriously check its operation than 
the shifting of tides in yonder bay defiles or dries the 
changing waters. The removal of leaders will no more 
stay the immense impersonal popular progress than the 
extinction of lighthouse lamps arrests the morning. Im- 
migration from abroad, though coming in blocks, from 
lands whose training has been different from ours, will 
not retard the public progress, or start persistent antago- 
nizing currents. It will steadily disappear in the expand- 
ing American advance, as ice cakes vanish in flowing 
streams. Even an increasing corruption in cities has its 



REV. DR. STORRS' ADDRESS. 63 

only real threat in its tendency to impregnate with a ma- 
lign force the national life. Our future history is as secure 
as that of the past, if only that moral life remains which 
was in the founders of these commonwealths, when peril 
did not frighten or hardship discourage them, and when 
their rude daily experience took from the Bible a conse- 
cration and a gleam. If this shall continue, vitally inte- 
grating, nobly animating, perennially renewing the nation 
which started from their seminal work, no bound appears 
to its possible progress. It will have the continent for its 
throne, the ages for its inheirtance. But if this fails, all 
fails. Multiplying riches will not then protect, will only 
indeed more fatally expose us. Democratic institutions 
will show no power of self-support. Any eloquence of 
speakers, or of the press, can only add a glitter to decay. 
Alienation and collision, confusion and division, will fol- 
low swiftly on moral decline ; and our history will have 
to be written as that of other peoples has been, as signal- 
ized at times by great advance, and passing through peri- 
ods of splendid achievement, but as closing at last in dis- 
aster and dishonor. 

We may confidently hope that this is not to be. I am 
certainly no pessimist. I would not be rash, but I cannot 
despond. I have profound faith in God's purposes for 
the people which He so wonderfully planted and trained, 
and which He has conducted to such marvelous success. 
I have a strong faith in the people itself. I do not wonder 
that political theorists stand aghast before this huge, un- 
manageable, democratic nation, which defies precedent, 
traverses disdainfully speculative programmes, and lurches 
onward with irresistible energy in spite of whatever philo- 
sophical forecasts. But I believe, after all, in the distri- 
buted American people. It means to be honest ; it is not 
afraid of what man can do ; and it is capable of surpassing 
enthusiasms. Pessimism may spring from a scholarly 
temper, which shrinks from rude contacts, and is offended 
by vulgar boasts, which insists on immediate accomplish- 
ment of ideals, and would have the Golden Age sent by 



64 southold's celebration, 

express, which is therefore impatient and easily discour- 
aged if a nation cannot be instantly turned, like a school 
or a parish, to better ways. But, practically, pessimism in 
this country, so far as I have observed, is a fashion with 
condescending critics, not commonl}^ born among us, 
whose residence is too recent, their stake in the general 
welfare too slight, to allow much weight to their opinions ; 
or else it is the weak cant of a native, dudish class, de- 
spising the work which was honored by the fathers, 
shining in club-rooms rather than in warehouses or on the 
exchange, with no animating sense of the verities of faith, 
too sensitive to noise to enter a caucus, too dainty of touch 
to handle ballots, and wanting everything, from trousers 
to statutes, to be " very English." The vigorous and gov- 
erning mind of the nation is not pessimistic, and those who 
with shrill and piping accents utter prophecies of alarm 
have as little effect on its courageous confidence and hope 
as so many sparrows on the housetops. I think, for one, 
that the nation is right. Party spirit, often violent, some- 
times brutal, may start fear in the timid ; but party spirit, 
with whatever of either vulgarity or venom, is not as in- 
tense and not as threatening as it was in this country a 
half century ago. Political chicanery may frighten some, 
as if the foundations were out of course ; but it cannot 
work effects as disastrous as have been some which the 
nation has survived. Our ru-lers may not always be ideal 
men, as heroes or prophets, any more than are their cen- 
sors, but they are fairly capable and faithful, and whether 
elected by our votes or not we may reasonably expect 
that the Republic will take no detriment from them. The 
nation is still morally sound, at the centers of its life : intel- 
ligent, reverent, law abiding. Its rulers and policies are 
on the whole as farsighted as they ever have been. Its 
readiness to apply the principles of ethics to social usage, 
and to law, is as keen as at any time in the century. Its 
spirit is as full of resolute courage. Its future is bright, 
I cannot but think, with stellar promise. 

But if a time shall ever come when labor ceases to have 



REV, DR. STORRS' ADDRESS. 65 

honor among us, with the bread earned in the sweat of the 
brow, when a passion for sudden wealth, no matter how 
gained, becomes paramount in the land, and luxurious sur- 
roundings stir the strongest desire in eager spirits — when 
high mental exercise fails to attract men, and general edu- 
cation ceases to be held a vital condition of public welfare 
— when plans of salutary social reform are left to amuse the 
leisure of the few, but fail to engage the popular heart or 
to stir with fresh thrills the public pulse ; if a day shall come 
when the nation is content to live for itself, and to leave 
other peoples without the help of its benign influence, 
when patriotic aspiration is lowered accordingly to the 
flat levels of commercial acquisition and party success, 
when men of the higher capacity and character cease to 
concern themselves with political duty, and leave it to 
professional leaders and expert traders in votes, when 
laws therefore come to be matters of purchase, and, ceasing 
to represent public judgment and conscience, cease to 
possess moral authority ; if a time shall come, in other 
words, when self-indulgence and moral inertness take the 
place in the country of the earnest, faithful, strenuous 
spirit which built this hamlet, and all the others out of 
which the nation has grown — then we shall do dishonor 
to the fathers, and the history which began in unflinching 
toil and a superb sacrifice will close in shame. It is not at 
all as a minister of religion, but as an independent observer 
of society that I add my conviction that if such a time 
shall ever come, it will be when the Bible shall have lost 
its power for the general mind, and the day which hallows 
all the week shall have no more sacredness or prophecy 
on it for the popular thought ; when the supreme vision 
of God and His government, and of His designs concern- 
ing this nation, shall have failed to move and uplift men's 
souls as it did beneath the Puritan preaching ; and when 
that desire to glorify Him, and to hasten the coming of the 
kingdom of His Son, which in all the loneliness and the 
poverty of the fathers was to them an inspiration, shall 
have failed to instruct and ennoble their children. If this 



66 southold's celebration. 

shall be, the physical will not survive the moral. The coal 
and copper, the silver and wheat, will not assure the na- 
tional greatness if the illustrious organific ideas shall have 
vanished from its sky. It will be the old story repeated : 
of decaying wood at the center of the statue, beneath 
casings of ivory, plates of gold. The wood gives way, 
and the shining fragments of costly covers, broken in the 
fall, are scattered far. 

It is for us, and for each of us in his place, to do what 
we may, and all that we may, to avert an issue so sad and 
drear ! We must do it in the spirit which here of old set 
village and church in charming beauty amid what then 
were forest shades. If we do not accept all the laws of 
the fathers, we must hke them have the armor of right- 
eousness on the right hand and the left. Whether or not 
we worship according to their precise forms, we must 
hold as they did to the supreme facts which give glory to 
the Scriptures. Our fight will not be with enemies like 
theirs, the gray wolf, the painted savage, but it must be as 
unyielding as theirs against whatever of evil surrounds 
us. Let us try so to stand in our place in the world as 
they would have stood if to them had been appointed our 
present relations to the country, to mankind. Let our 
highest love, next to that for God and for the household, 
be for the nation which they baptized in tears and strug- 
gle, "with water and with blood." Let us always remem- 
ber that next in honor, and in importance of work, to 
those who are called to found commonwealths, are those 
to whom, in milder times, with ampler means, but in the 
same unshaken spirit, it is given to maintain them ! And 
may the blessing of Him whom they saw, like one of old, 
an unconsuming Splendor in the wilderness bush, be upon 
us, as it was upon them, till the expanding prosperity of 
the nation which had its seed-field in their cabins widens 
and brightens into such consummations as even their 
majestic faith could not expect! And unto Him, their 
God and ours, be all the praise ! 



THE PROCESSION. 67 

Dr. Whitaker : The congregation are now requested 
to join with the choir in singing the celebrated ode of 
Mrs. Hemans to the music written by her sister Miss 
Brown. The words are on the second page of the pro- 
gramme. 

At the close of the singing the Rev. Edward S. Wheeler, 
pastor of the Baptist church of South Framingham, Mas- 
sachusetts, pronounced the Benediction, thus : 

Now may the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ, and 
the love of God the Father, and the fellowship and com- 
munion of the Holy Spirit abide with us all forever. 
Amen. 

LUNCHEON. 

At the close of the forenoon meeting in the church, the 
Luncheon Committee had spread their tables in Belmont 
Hall, for the entertainment of the members of the Bands, 
and for the accommodation of very many others who 
ordered luncheon at their own charges. The Committee 
of Arrangements supplied the Bands through their leader, 
Mr. George B. Reeve, with a hundred luncheon tickets, 
as a token of appreciation of their public spirit and readi- 
ness to make a very desirable and generous contribution 
to the attractiveness and excellence of the proceedings of 
the day. 

THE PROCESSION. 



The intelligence and foresight of Mr. Alva M. Salmon 
had made an admirable plan for the procession, which he 
began to form at i : 30 p. m. He was assisted by his effi- 
cient aid, Mr. Charles Floyd Smith. The place of the 
formation was the Main Street of the village, where the 
road that comes up from Town Creek, on the south, and 
Railroad Avenue from the railway station, on the north, 
meets the Main Street at right angles. At this point the 
original home lot of the Rev. John Youngs is on the south- 



68 southold's celebration. 

west corner ; of his eminent son, Col. John Youngs, on 
the southeast corner ; of William Wells, Esq., the lawyer 
of the first generation of Southold, on the northwest cor- 
ner ; and of Samuel Youngs, on the northeast. A few 
minutes after 2 p. m., the procession began to move in 
the following order, with marching music : 

1. Cutchogue Veteran Drum Corps, whose mem- 
bers have played together for fifty-three consecutive 
years. 

2. A company of young men and boys on bicycles. 

3. An Indian canoe mounted on wheels and containing 
three men representing an Indian scout paddling, an 
Indian chief in full costume of a Long Island tribe, 
and an English pilot holding a very ancient spy glass and 
dressed in the garb worn by one of his craft in 1640. 

4. An ancient cart drawn by four yoke of grand red 
oxen, the cart containing the household goods, furniture 
and utensils of a family of the olden time. The members 
of the family, old and young, were seated upon their pos- 
sessions and attired in extremely antique fashion. They 
appeared as if on their way to make a new home in the 
wilderness. The moving spectacle won the steady and 
admiring gaze of all beholders. 

5. Carriages conveying the Committee of Arrange- 
ments, the speakers, and the invited guests — some of these 
were representatives of various Historical Societies, and 
others were persons of distinction from different parts of 
our country. 

6. A cabriolet containing a gentleman and lady in the 
costume of 1776, and representing George and Martha 
Washington, with their negro coachman in livery. 

7. A cavalcade of citizens on their own steeds. 

8. The Mattituck Cornet Band in their gay and fine 
uniforms, with their shining instruments and cheering 
music. 

9. The firemen of Southold equipped and girded for 
service. 

10. An assemblage of large wagons drawn each by 



THE PROCESSION. • 69 

either two or four horses in harness. Each wagon was 
profusely and tastefully decorated with flowers. Some of 
these wagons were filled with young women, others with 
girls — both classes dressed in white, resplendent with the 
beauty of youth and joy, and bearing aloft appropriate 
banners and other signs of festivity and gladness. Legends 
on the wagons indicated the different villages of the town 
whence they had severally come. 

11. The Orient and the Shelter Island Cornet Bands 
united, making a large company, in attractive uniforms, 
with their polished instruments and animating music. 

12. A numerous body of citizens of German birth, 
bearing aloft the intermingled flags of their fatherland 
and the starry banner of their adopted country, presenting 
one of the most striking features of the glad procession. 

13. The Southold Band in new and splendid uniform, 
marching in well trained order, and with their gleaming 
and sonorous instruments marking the step for the crowds 
that on each side of the procession itself kept pace with it. 

14. Then came the last and grandest part of the festive 
column. It was no warlike array, but a peaceful train of 
five hundred carriages filled with patriotic and rejoicing 
people from all parts of the Town and even from the great 
cities. They presented every imaginable style of make 
and decoration. Some were plain and others ornate. 
Many were costly vehicles, with richly caparisoned and 
prancing horses before them. Most of them were the 
family carriages of prosperous villagers and country peo- 
ple. Their variety was so limitless, and the differences 
of their decorations so very great, that they presented 
unceasingly to the thousands of beholders, through whom 
the procession moved, an ever new and varied aspect. 
In no part of the line was there even the faintest intima- 
tion of sameness or monotony. The responsive looks, if 
not responsive voices, between thousands of people in the 
carriages and other thousands along the Main Street, on 
the piazzas and in the doors, windows and balconies of 
the dwellings, and at other points of advantage to appre- 



70 SOUTHOLD S CELEBRATION, 

ciate the joyous spectacle, could not fail to impart exhila- 
ration to the scene. 

According to the well devised plan, and under the 
skillful management of the Director of the procession, its 
different parts had been adjusted and brought into their 
respective places, and it began to move promptly at 2 
o'clock. It proceeded eastward half a mile as far as the 
L'Hommedieu House, at the head of Town Harbor Lane. 
There it turned around and went westward a mile, as far 
as the Soldiers' Monument, where it turned again and re- 
traced its course to the head of Oak Lawn Lane, into 
which it wheeled and proceeded southward nearly a mile 
to Oak Lawn Grove, on the banks of Dickerson Creek. It 
was about two miles in length, and required an hour to 
pass a given point. As it moved through the Main Street 
the attractiveness of the decorations in every, part of the 
village won delightful observation, and happily conspicu- 
ous were the names of the early settlers. The Committee 
on Historic Sites had caused these names to be legibly 
painted in capital letters on plain boards, and had attached 
these boards to trees between the broad street and the 
sidewalks on each side in front of the respective home 
lots of the original owners. Thus thousands in the pro- 
cession, as they advanced, could see the sites of the several 
homes of Pastor John Youngs, Col. John Youngs, Law- 
yer William Wells, Capt. John Underhill, Lieut. John 
Budd, Mr. Barnabas Horton, Matthias Corwin, Richard . 
Benjamin, John Herbert, John Tuthill, Henry Ca>se, 
Thomas Moore, John Booth, Peter Payne, John Corey, 
and others, while farther east and west than the route of 
the procession were the homes of Barnabas Wines, Wil- 
liam Purrier, Philemon Dickerson, Richard and Thomas 
Terry, Robert Smyth, Peter Payne, and others, about 
forty in all. 

When the head of the procession reached Oak Lawn, 
whose use for the celebration had been generously 
granted by its owner, Mr. Samuel Dickerson, there were 
hundreds of carriages and thousands of people already on 



OAK LAWN. 71 

^the grounds. The place is admirably fitted for the pur- 
poses of the day. On the east and on the west of the 
gently sloping, smooth, wide lawn itself are extensive 
groves of fine oak trees, whence all the undergrowth has 
been removed, so that carriages can be driven here and 
there in different directions among the noble trees. On 
the north is an open space with a level half-mile track 
around it for training and speeding horses ; and around 
this track the head of the column made one turn, so that 
when the first mile of the procession came upon the lawn 
to disband, half of it came out of the grove on the west 
and half came from the track on the north. South of the 
lawn and the groves are the tidal waters of Dickerson 

/Creek, flowing up through Peconic Bay from the ocean, 
and giving health and refreshment to the air. 

Under the direction of the Committee on Platform and 
Grounds, there had been erected a platform and seats for 
nearly two hundred singers and players on instruments. 
Provision had also been made for officers, speakers, and 
invited guests. On the north of the platform and 
on the wings, where the ground was higher than in 
front at the north, had been constructed extensive 
systems of seats for hearers and spectators. They 
were all filled as soon as the procession disbanded. 
The scene was picturesque. Mrs. Martha J. Lamb, editor 
of the Magazine of American History, {rom her position on 

~^the platform as an invited guest, briefly describes it in 
that periodical, which contains an illustrated article on 
the celebration from her graceful pen. She writes : " Cir- 

^cHng about the platform in the grove, ten thousand or 

■ more people formed a compact mass of varying color on 
every side, while just beyond this crowded amphitheater 
was an outer circle of double and triple rows of equip- 
ages. The sun looked blandly through the leafy trees 
upon the pretty scene, and the breezes were deliciously 
soft and balmy." 

At a convenient point near the eastern edge of the lawn 
an additional well had been driven in order to facilitate 



72 southold's celebration. 

the supply of water for a thousand horses during the pos- 
sible high temperature of a day in August. Many of them 
had been driven twenty or thirty miles to convey persons 
to the celebration. Water was needful also for several 
thousands of people who were on the grounds through- 
out the afternoon. Other conveniences had likewise been 
made the subject of forethought and preparation. 

On the arrival of the procession a great throng gath- 
ered around the platform and a thousand copies of the 
printed programme were quickly distributed among 
them. 

The Hon. James H. Tuthill, the Surrogate of Suffolk 
County and the Judge of its Court of Probate, had been 
chosen by the Committee of Arrangements to preside at 
the afternoon meeting. He was born and has all his life 
resided within the bounds of the original Southold town. 
He took his place upon the platform in due time, and 
said : 

Fellow Citizens, Ladies and Gentlemen: 

You will be called to order by the Veteran Drum 
Corps that has been serving its country in just this thing 
for fifty-three years. We are glad they are with us to-day 
to give us the drum beat. 

Its members, who are partly on one side and partly on 
the other side of fourscore "years, then played " The 
Assembly." 

This was followed by selections played by the Cornet 
Bands. 

Then Judge Tuthill, holding an old gun in his hand, 
said : 

My Friends: 

This gun, it is said, was brought from England by Bar- 
nabas Horton, in the year of our Lord 1640, and was 
willed by him to descend to the oldest Barnabas Horton 
living in the town of Southold. It is now owned by Bar- 
nabas B. Horton, of New Suffolk. Its mission two and a 



OAK LAWN. 73 

half centuries ago was to protect assemblies from the bar- 
barians, and if there be any Rip Van Winkle barbarian 
here who does not obey the commands of the Chairman, 
the gun is here now for the same service as of yore. 
Please remember that. (Laughter, and a voice : Keep 
your powder dry.) 

I am filled with admiration for the music of these five 
bands. So well they play together, I think their instru- 
ments must be made of some superior metal, a quinqua- 
composite not inferior to the Corinthian brass. 

May we now hear from the representative of Shelter 
Island ? (No response.) Shelter Island says we heard 
her representative in the orator of the morning. 

The bands again played appropriate selections. 

Judge Tuthill said : The chorister of Southold Church 
for the first thirty years of this century was Mr. David 
Horton. He is with us to-day only in four generations of 
his descendants. We call upon them for a song. 

Representatives from the four generations then united 
in singing, in " ye olden style," to the tune " Liberty," the 
ode beginning with these lines : 

"No more beneath th' oppressing hand 
Of Tyranny we groan, 
Behold a smiling happy land 
That Freedom calls her own." 

Music b)^ the bands. 

Judge Tuthill remarked : The bands have just given us 
" Only one Mother, my Boy." In this celebration the 
three towns, Southold, Shelter Island, and Riverhead, 
say to us, " Only one mother, my boys." 

In early times, Southold set Shelter Island by her- 
self, an island gem sheltered by islands, to be forever a 
pleasant retreat. In 1692, she set off another portion of 
her territory, generously giving up her only river, and as 
we Riverheaders say, " Losing her head." To-day River- 



74 southold's celebration, 

head is represented by Nat. W. Foster, President of the 
Suffolk County Agricultural Society, an institution of 
which we are justly proud. 

PRESIDENT FOSTER'S ADDRESS. 

Ladies and Gentlemen: 

It very often happens, you know — in fact, it is nothing 
strange in your own family and in others, when a mother 
has company and wants to show off the children, to call 
on the oldest or brightest first. Southold now has called 
her first-born, Shelter Island, but no response. Shelter 
Island %as on hand this morning, and very handsomely 
she behaved. We were much pleased, but now she heeds 
not the mother's call. How embarrassing ! Would it 
not be very undutiful of us, when Riverhead, the second 
child, is called, were we too not to obey ? 

The story is told that, some time ago, before gates were 
used on ferryboats, an Irishman, in his hurry to catch a 
boat that had just left the dock, jumped with such force 
that he fell in a heap, not in the water, but on the deck of 
the boat. Gathering himself up in as good shape as pos- 
sible, and looking around, he was surprised at the distance 
from the dock, and exclaimed, " Holy Moses, what a 
lape ! " If our fathers could meet with us to-day, we 
think they too would exclaim', " What a lape ! " 

As we enter these beautiful grounds, can you wonder 
that they located here, if as beautiful then as now ? This 
beautiful creek was then here. This beautiful river, too, 
of which we were told this afternoon Southold gave away 
a part, and thereby lost her head, doubtless then ran on 
as joyously to the sea as now. 

No wonder, then, they tarried and chose here their 
abiding place. I, for one, am glad they did. They builded 
better than they knew, and the seed they planted then 
grew and still grows here. We reap the benefit of it. 

Now what are we to do ? Two hundred and fifty years 
hence, when those then living here shall gather to cele- 



PRESIDENT Foster's address. 75 

brate the Quin-Centennial of this town, what will they say 
of us? Will they know that we have lived? 

Are we doing anything whereby humanity is being made 
better ? Anything for which men shall have reason to 
thank God that we have lived ? Let us see to it that we 
so live that, dying, we leave behind us 

" Footprints on the sands of time ; 

Footprints that perhaps another, 
Sailing o'er life's solemn main, 

Some forlorn and shipwrecked brother. 
Seeing, shall take heart again." 

After leaving home this morning to come here, I was 
told that I was expected to speak for Riverhead town, 
and would be allowed five minutes in which to do it. I 
esteem it a great honor and a grand theme, but how inade- 
quate the time ! 

Riverhead is well known to all, and she is also greatly 
feared by some for her Riverhead jail and her Riverhead 
" ring." Neither of these am I here to represent. Form- 
erly a part of Southold town, whether as a girl she was, 
as girls sometimes are, wild and giddy, causing her mother 
anxiety and trouble, or because of rapid growth the 
mother found it difficult to handle her, we know not ; but 
it was deemed best for her to set up housekeeping on her 
own hook, and she has been at it ever since. I am glad to 
say the relations between mother and daughter have ever 
since been of the most friendly character. 

From her situation Riverhead acts as a sort of bridge, 
connecting Southold to Southampton and the rest of the 
world. It seems that our fathers knew little of the capa- 
bilities of the goodly land to which they had come. For, 
not many years ago, it was thought impossible to grow 
wheat in Southold town, but instead they sent to Brook- 
haven town for it. One would hardly believe it now, see- 
ing in July her broad fields rustling with ripe golden 
grain, and knowing that Southold and her two daughters. 
Shelter Island and Riverhead, raise annually more cauli- 



76 southold's celebration. 

flowers than all the rest of the United States. As we think 
of it, we are led to exclaim with the Irishman, " What a 
lape ! " 

We know not whether the fathers brought here the 
seeds of the cauliflower, but they did bring other good 
seeds which they cultivated with great care, amid hard- 
ships and clouds perhaps to us unknown — the fruits of 
which we commemorate to-day. 

Their heroic worth and their devotion to the principles 
they loved, for which they left their homes and their na- 
tive land, not to seek great wealth, but for freedom to 
worship God — these all inspire us to stand true to their 
God, to their Bible, and to their righteous principles. 

From Riverhead many of the good people and many of 
the good influences that have done so much for the ad- 
vancement and benefit of the county have started. Here 
many of those which have started elsewhere find encour- 
agement and friends. Here, too, besides the jail and the 
" ring " before spoken of, are the grounds and buildings 
of the Suffolk County Agricultural Society, the institution 
of which our Chairman told us we are all justly proud ; 
an institution which has done and is still doing much to 
develop the resources of the county and for the better- 
ment of the community. It <is an institution for which 
your best thoughts and energies should be put forth. 

As you are aware, Southampton has already celebrated 
her 250th anniversary, and Southold celebrates hers this 
day. We all rejoice that it is a decided success. Now, 
we want to give this fall, at the coming Fair of the Agri- 
cultural Society, a continuation of these celebrations, 
making it a celebration of the settlement of the East End of 
Long Island; and I trust you will all be there to aid it. All 
in favor say aye. (This call was responded to, at first rather 
feebly, but when made again, with considerable enthusiasm.) 
That is the way to do it. Now throw off your coats, put 
your shoulders to the wheel, and do your best. We want 
this old canoe, and this family of old settlers in their cart 
drawn by these four yoke of oxen. Yes ; we want all these 



PRESIDENT FOSTER S ADDRESS. 77 

old things to remind us of the early settlers and their 
customs. 

I am glad to be able to announce that we have secured 
the services of one of Southold's townsmen, Mr. Stuart T. 
Terry, to take charge of these old relics and keepsakes, 
and you know they will all be safe, for they will be in 
good hands. Now, we want you all to have a regular 
house-cleaning time and see what old-timers, curious and 
strange, can be brought out. There are many old things 
in this old town which would please and instruct us all. 
Let us see them at the Fair. And now, before taking my 
seat, I want to say to you that I am heartily glad to be 
here. "I am heartily glad to see you all here. Tt fills me 
with courage, because you all love old Suffolk. South- 
old's success is sure ; we are all proud to see it. River- 
head's success is the success of the whole county. No 
place in the county can succeed without being of advan- 
tage to the rest of the county. Then let us not forget 
that we are brethren with one great work to do, working 
on as did those who have gone before us, ever zealous, 
ever jealous for the welfare of our homes and our native 
land. And may God bless us all ! 

Judge Tuthill said : The population of Southold com- 
posite is 13,096. Shelter Island has 921 ; Southold, 7,675. 
The count of Riverhead is not quite complete. (Mr. 
Reeves says the " ring " is so close they cannot get in- 
side to count.) The approximate number, 4,500. 

Now we will have some singing under the direction of 
Mr. Horton. 

Mr. D. P. Horton said : All who have the music will 
please sing the melody to the first stanza. The second 
and third stanzas, sing the parts which please you. 

The audience then arose and sang : 



78 



SOUTHOLD S CELEBRATION. 



T. B. Force. 



®b^ f ilpim^' flight* 




D. P. HORTON. 






though o'er 
- zy breath 



the 
was 



heart, 
blown 






I 



Comes 
The 



sor 

Pil 



row s 
grim 




--I--, 



--J- 



iiztz^: 



'»~Z 



sha - dow as we part, Thy neck - lace is the foam - ing 
to a wild un - known, Cold was the night, the for - est 



-G> =• — 



•• — I — I 

ti=E=i 






r-^r 







V 



sheen. That O - cean twines a - bout his Queen. But lo ! the 
bare, But Lib - er - ty was in the air. Not death could 









tp^t: 



-I -I— r 



t==r:?"z^±z=*=:z 



i^— te=r 



:tiz=:t:=: 



-^-n4 



A-r-A- 






ty - rant press - es hard, From him we lly, 'gainst him we guard. 
quench, nor ty - rant tame His love for that ce - les - tial flame. 

I -•- -•- I i 

, ^ r^ y— pg w-r<5> •— rf' V— rf^-g— ^— r (^ !*— rP-n 

ifcE5^^fe=^feE^E^=EE^E^ZEEfe^Efe^:g 



3 Through cycles past we love to trace, 
The story of our fathers' race ; 
The race that bare the torch on high, 
When freedom flashed athwart the sky. 
That light now blazing from its birth, 
Shall brighter yet illume the earth. 

Copyright 1890, by D. V. Horton. 



REV. MR. WHITAKER S ADDRESS. 79 

After the singing the Chairman said : However pleasant 
are your homes in Southold, it is fortunate you cannot 
keep all your boys at home. One of them comes back 
to-day, and will represent to us the present generation. 
You will be glad to hear the Rev. William F. Whitaker, 
of Orange, New Jersey. 

ADDRESS OF REV. WILLIAM F. WHITAKER. 

Mr. Chairman, Ladies and Gentlemen : 

The present generation, in whose behalf something must 
be spoken, is impressed with the resemblance between to- 
day's celebration and the religious services of the Chinese. 
This anniversary programme is highly " Celestial." Our 
brethren with the almond and diagonal eyes, and the black 
and braided hair, the flowing sleeves and the less ample 
shoes, are nothing if not devout ; and their devotion con- 
sists in large part in the worship of their ancestors. The 
name, fame, family, age, and excellences of their sires are 
inscribed in gold upon tall tablets. Before these gather 
Ah Sing, Mrs. Sing, and all the small Sings, to glorify the 
greatness of the many Sings who have gone before. Ex- 
tremes meet. To-day we are one with the antipodes. We 
have become Chinese, and ancestral worship holds sway 
from the Point at the Orient to the Head of the River. 

To this adoration of the ancients we of the present age 
raise no objection. On the contrary, we are taking a 
large share in the celebration. Who built this platform, 
and who adorn it with their wisdom and beauty ? Who 
sing these songs and sound those cornets ? Who drove 
the oxen ? Who paddled the canoe through the ever- 
green waves ? Who gave us a glimpse of George Wash- 
ington ? It is the present generation : and the youth and 
women and men of to-day are eager to honor the ancients 
— those men whose names are now upon our tongues and 
are spoken even by the trees along the village streets. 

In looking forward to this celebration, our generation 
has found its only embarrassment in its ignorance. We 



8o southold's celebration. 

lack, what others seem to possess, a long- and intimate and 
personal acquaintance with those heroes of 1640. Very 
happily for us, and thus for the whole celebration, this ig- 
norance is departing. After the instruction received this 
morning — the information derived from Storrs so well fur- 
nished — and in anticipation of Moore this evening, we no 
longer hesitate. With one voice we exclaim : All honor 
to our forefathers ! 

I. In the first place we credit the story of their worth. 
Looking back at them, across these eight generations, we 
are disposed to believe every good report that has been 
made in their honor. 

(a.) They seem to have been men of Candor ; and Can- 
dor means whiteness, clearness, purity, freedom from 
stain. They were candid in their trading ; they were 
honest. They were candid in their thinking ; they were 
sincere. They were candid in their talking ; they spoke 
the truth. Their language was the plain, strong Saxon. 
They did not refer to a spade as that useful instrument 
employed in the cultivation of the soil, fashioned of wood 
and furnished at one extremity with a metal apparatus 
suitable for making incisions in the earth, and supplied at 
the other extremity with an ingenious arrangement by 
which the instrument can be apprehended and manipu- 
lated ! No ; they called a spade a spade ! In our day the 
theft of a vast property, the wrecking of a savings bank, the 
robbery or ruining of a railwa)^, the capture of a State 
Legislature, is called a clever operation or a new deal. The 
men of 1640 would have branded it a huge swindle or a 
shameful steal. We cover up dishonesty with long words 
and smooth phrases. We speak of the misappropriation 
of funds, the diversion of revenues, the conversion of re- 
ceipts, the hypothecation of securities, and the embezzle- 
ment of assets. If such colossal iniquities could have ex- 
isted two hundred and fifty years ago, they would have 
been called sins and treated as crimes. For, as we must 
believe to-day, our forefathers were candid in talk and 
thought and trade. Their love for cleanness was like 



REV. MR. WHITAKER's ADDRESS. 8 1 

that of the dying father in Old England. Calling his sons 
to his bedside, he said : " Boys, you will find that my 
property is not very large : divided among you it will 
make none of you rich. You may be disappointed ; but, 
boys, you can have the comfort of knowing that in the 
money received from your father there was not one dirty 
shilling ! " 

The men of New England and Southold abhorred dirty 
shillings, dirt}^ schemes, a dirty character. They were 
like the little ermine whose spotless fur was used for cen- 
turies for the adornment of the robes of king and judge, 
furnishing in its whiteness an emblem of honor and integ- 
rity. Naturalists tell us that when this timid creature is 
pursued by the hunter it will halt and allow itself to be cap- 
tured rather than permit its unstained coat to be soiled by 
mud or mire or morass. Driven toward a barrier of dirt 
and ^refuse and slime, it will turn and await the coming 
destroyer, instead of seeking escape by dragging its fur 
through uncleanness. The men whom we are honoring 
to-day were men of whiteness. They loved clean thoughts, 
clean words, clean deeds. We praise them for their Candor. 

(/^) They were men of Courage. They dared the wrath 
of tyrants. They braved the boisterous ocean, pathless, 
uncharted. In frail ships with rude sails, unaided by 
steam or twin screws or licensed pilot, they steered day 
after day and night after night toward the great Western 
unknown. Landing, they found the wildei'ness, wild 
beasts and wilder men. The story of those early years — 
where can you find its parallel ? Search the annals of 
other lands ; scan the records of human achievement in 
other centuries ; sift the stories and legends of man's trials 
and triumphs, and you will fail to discover any courage 
surpassing that of our sires ! Yea, it was a courage rare 
and robust which our fathers brought to the task which 
God had set before them. 

(c.) Moreover, these heroes of 1640 were men of Con- 
science ; and in this we find the secret of their Candor and 
their Courage. They lived as seeing Him who is invisi- 



82 SOUTHOLD S CELEBRATION. 

ble. They listened for His voice, and they believed that 
they heard it in their bosoms. Trained to live as in His 
presence, they sought to show Him clean hearts, and 
words and deeds unstained. Taught to act at His com- 
mand, they shrank not before the face of man. Conscience 
made them candid and courageous. What to them was 
a British king, when daily they received messages from 
the King of Kings ! What was the storm-tossed Atlantic to 
men who realized companionship with the Omnipotent, 
and believed that the winds and waves were His servants ! 
What fear had they of cruel winters and more cruel 
foes, when a voice within each breast spoke of One who 
heard the cry of a raven and marked the fall of a sparrow ? 

Thus do we recognize the worth of our ancestors and 
honor them as men of Candor, Courage, and Conscience. 

II. We propose, in the second place, to cherish their 
memory. The times demand this. The iconocla^st is 
abroad. The blows of his hammer fall thick and fast. 
Our dearest idols are not exempt. Nothing is so venerable, 
nothing so sacred as to escape the strokes of the destroyer. 
For example, there was William Tell. What a magnifi- 
cent hero he was in our childhood I It was a glorious 
story ! How it thrilled us as we spelled it out in the old 
Third Reader ! How carefully we studied the pictures ! 
How well we knew all the details of tyrant, cap, bow, 
boy, boat, apple and arrows^ When we became men some 
of us visited Tell's home. There, in the heart of Switzer- 
land, we found Biirglen, the village of his birth. Not far 
away, at Altdorf, we saw the place where stood the pole 
which held aloft the tyrant's cap. There, too, is the 
monument marking the spot where the lad, whose head 
wore the ruddy apple, waited expectant beneath the lin- 
den tree. Not many miles away is the little chapel, stand- 
ing at the water's edge, and marking the precise place 
where Tell jumped from Gessler's boat. Near Kiissnacht 
is the lonely spot where Tell met Gessler, and " he who 
could make a mark of his child's head " took " aim un- 
erring at his foeman's heart." Then we visited the little 



REV, MR. WHITAKER's ADDRESS. 83 

Schiichen, the narrow, swift, roaring torrent in which our 
hero lost his life. Tell, in his old age, saw in this stream 

" * * a struggling child, 
While on the bank the mother 

In helpless fright ran wild. 
He plunged to do that rescue : 

He sank to rise no more 
Until, with weeds and timber, 

He floated dead to shore." 

How real Tell seemed in those August days ! But, 
alas ! we are informed that there was no apple, no arrow, 
no Tell ! The encyclopaedia dares to dismiss the story as 
" legendary," The Board of Education in Tell's own 
land has voted that the narrative of Tell's exploits shall 
have no place in the school books of the Swiss Republic. 
Thus the idol of our childhood is torn from its niche ! 
The hero of our youth is banished ! The editor and the 
educator laugh at our tears. 

We fear that the fate of this Swiss man awaits a certain 
American maiden. Who has not been touched by the 
story of Pocahontas, the daughter of Powhatan? If we 
can trust those wood engravings set before us in school 
days, she was an exceedingly comely and charming bru- 
nette. We were taught that, when something less than 
sweet sixteen, she rushed in at a critical moment, threw 
herself upon the prostrate form of one Mr. Smith, and by 
her pleading saved the prisoner from the clubs which 
had been raised to dash out his brains. She was a hero- 
ine, and became dear to every class in American history. 
Perhaps you have visited Jamestown, drawn thither by 
your admiration for her brave deed. But what do we see 
and hear ? When Archbishop Whately dared to urge "His- 
toric Doubts relative to Napoleon Bonaparte," the Corsi- 
can was alive, and had opportunity for two years in which 
to speak for himself. But the cowardly iconoclast of to-day 
saves his attack until two centuries have rolled over the 
grave of his victim. Then he walks forth boldly and strikes 
defiantly. Pocahontas has not escaped. In a standard 



84 southold's celebration. 

work bearing the imprint of long-established and reputa- 
ble publishers of New York, one reads this destructive 
sentence touching the bravery of Powhatan's daughter : 
" Recent researches discredit this story." What will be 
left ? The Swiss hero has gone ; the dusky maid of Vir- 
ginia is going ; and the long-handled hammer of the im- 
age breaker is reaching up toward that lofty niche in which 
stands Christopher Columbus ! It is becoming fashion- 
able to minimize his achievement. It may be well for the 
ambitious city on Lake Michigan to pause in its selection 
of a proper site, and consider calmly and carefully whether 
there was any discovery in 1492 of sufficient originality to 
warrant the proposed Columbian Exposition. In days like 
these, when neither age nor sex nor services can protect 
from the blows of the destroyer, it shall be the purpose of 
our generation to cherish the memory of its ancestors, and 
insist upon the historic reality of Youngs and Horton, 
Wells and Terry, Moore and Tuthill, Glover and Case, 
and their companions in settlement and residence. 

This most laudable purpose is furthered, in the first 
place, by this massing of ourselves together by hundreds 
and by thousands. There is power in a crowd, especially 
in a crowd of lineal descendants. Here we are, score after 
score, to furnish ocular demonstration of the existence 
of one Barnabas Horton. Let all those in this vast assem- 
bly who are the kindred of that brave settler, related di- 
rectly or indirectly, indicate the fact by a hearty " aye." 
(In response to this request, a large number in the audi- 
ence answered " aye.") After that chorus, after such tes- 
timony, who can dare to doubt the historic reality of 
Barnabas Horton ? In coming years his " cask " may 
crumble to dust ; his Bible may be buried from sight ; but 
with the ring of these voices in memory, we can cling 
fast to the belief that there was such a Horton. He would 
be very rash who, in the presence or in the neighborhood 
of this large and enthusiastic company of descendants, 
dared so much as to suggest any historic doubts as to the 
existence of this Barnabas. 



REV. MR. WHITAKER's ADDRESS. 85 

In an adjoining niche, in our collection of worthies, 
stands William Wells, the Sheriff. Let every Wells here 
— Wells by birth and Wells by marriage — bear witness to 
his presence or her presence, as did the Hortons, by shout- 
ing " aye." (Loud " ayes " from many parts of the grove.) 
In the same way a company of Cases, a corps of Conklins, 
a host of Hallocks, a multitude of Moores, a tribe of 
Terrys, and a troop of Tuthills, could make themselves 
known, and make these woods ring with their accordant 
voices. 

A second means for the furtherance of our purpose, 
touching the facts and the fame of our ancestry, will be 
found in the increased interweaving of the old family 
names. An excellent beginning has been made. Just see 
how to-day the names of 1640 are intertwined and inter- 
twisted and interlaced. We are familiar with such com- 
binations as Horton Terry, Terry Horton, Horton Case, 
Case Jennings, Case Terry, Goldsmith Tuthill, Tuthill 
Terry, Wells Hutchinson, Hutchinson Case. Let the 
good work go on ! Let the intimate intermingling of the 
names continue. But what law, written or unwritten, 
confines the combinations within such narrow limits? In 
honor of this grand anniversary and of the good men of 
1640, let some sturdy babe of fine promise, just starting 
upon life's journey, receive and rejoice in some such name 
as this : John Conklin Corwin Mapes Moore Salmon — 
Smith ! Another infant, not less ambitious, might support 
or stagger under William Wells Wines Youngs Tucker 
Jennings — Jones ! A third, with parents not less loyal to 
1640, might creep or cry or crow as John Budd Benedict 
Dickerson Glover Herbert — Brown ! In this way, what 
even now is difficult would become almost impossible. 
Then no hero of 1640 could be torn out of history. He 
would be rooted so thoroughly in the nursery, the play 
ground, the school room, the shop, in the post office, the 
directory, the poll list, the tax levy, that he could be 
explained away by doubting antiquarian or questioning- 
genealogist no more than this tall hickory or yonder 



86 southold's" celebration. 

broad oak could be laid low by the roll of these drums 
or the blasts of those trumpets. Two hundred and ten 
years separate us from Barnabas Horton ; but Barnabas 
Horton is here ! He is a member of the Committee of 
Arrangements. There is his name in print on the first 
page of your programme ! 

Would that all of the pioneers were represented to-day 
by namesakes. 

III. The present generation, while giving due credit to 
the excellence of its ancestors, and resolving to cherish 
their memory, does congratulate itself that its very distin- 
guished forefathers are so far away. We like them, but 
we like them at a distance. Doubtless they were most 
excellent people, but they please us much better as remote 
ancestors than they could as near neighbors. Distance 
lends enchantment, sometimes ; and this is one of the 
times. The good people whom we are delighting to 
honor look better across the distance of centuries than 
they would across the street. 

The reason for our self-congratulation will appear if we 
sketch, even imperfectly, the home life of 1640. Let the 
good housewife of eight generations ago be introduced. 
We cannot speak of her features, for no likeness has been 
preserved. No Daguerre had been born. Ambrotypes 
and tintypes were unknown. She never faced a camera, 
and never was flattered in a -cabinet photograph. She 
did not push the button of a Kodak, and was not startled 
by the flash light. Her dress was a la mode ; but such 
a mode ! Her feet wore huge and home-made shoes. 
These were never protected by a pair of rubber over- 
shoes. No gossamer cloak shielded her from the rain. 
Her head was untouched by a rubber comb, and no rub- 
ber hairpins restrained her tresses. When through age 
or accident her teeth grew less, no new supply neatly 
mounted on vulcanized rubber could be obtained. In the 
preparation of her wardrobe, no aid was rendered by 
purchased patterns. No sewing machine lightened her 
labors ; and as she followed the long seams by hand, no 



REV. MR. WHITAKEr's ADDRESS. 87 

smooth spool cotton assisted her. The floor of her home 
boasted of boards, perhaps ; but upon it there was little 
carpet, and none of the kind made, as Pat said, " by Mr. 
Brussels." Her house did not boast of a stove, and the 
use of coal was unknown in kitchen or parlor. She never 
scratched a match, never knew the comfort of a kerosene 
lamp, and never attempted to aid her fire by the applica- 
tion of kerosene oil. On her walls hung no chromos, no 
photogravures, no time tables, no advertisements in litho- 
graph. On her table there were no daily papers, and 
thus her reading was not of " second class " matter. Her 
shelves held few books, and none of these had been " En- 
tered according to Act of Congress." Of her few rude 
household utensils, not one was of American patent. The 
front door had no bell pull, the granary had no spring 
lock, the barn had no lightning rod. Calling at dinner 
hour one might, perhaps, have found a cloth on the table, 
but he would have seen no forks, little crockery, a few 
metal plates and dishes. Coffee was a luxury, and tea 
was used rarely. In the pantry there was no condensed 
milk or pressed beef or compressed yeast ; no canned sal- 
mon, or California peaches, or baking powder. The du 
ties of Monday were met without assistance from wash- 
ing machine or clothes wringer ; and all the soap was of 
the good woman's making. In writing, the housewife of 
1640 could not find a steel pen ; she did not use envelopes; 
she never moistened a postage stamp ; she never sent a 
postal card ; she did not dream of mailing her letter to the 
antipodes for five cents. Her ear never heard the click 
of the type writer, or the " Hello " of the telephone. Her 
heart was never saddened or gladdened by a telegram, and 
never astonished by a message carried by cable through 
the depths of the Atlantic. Her patience was never tested 
by the whims of a stylographic pen. Her anger was never 
aroused by seeing the uniformed messenger boy, whom 
she had summoned in haste and sent forthwith for the 
family physician, busily engaged in playing marbles with 
a uniformed companion on the next block. 



88 southold's celebration. 

When she went from home, she may have used horses 
rather than oxen, but the journey was made in a wagon 
without springs. Not once did she enter a street car, 
never did she climb to an " elevated station." She never 
heard the whistle of a locomotive, never rode a mile in a 
steam car, never embarked on a steamboat. Her team 
was never frightened by a bicycle, and she never mounted 
a tricycle. The train of parlor cars, in which one can sit 
*and eat and sleep, consult a library, write letters, send 
telegrams, employ a type writer, visit the barber, and 
take a bath, and in six days journey from the Hub of the 
Universe to the Golden Gate — of this she did not dream 
in her wildest visions. 

She may have been musical, but her home held no 
piano, cabinet organ or melodeon. Certain discordant 
tunes sung by her grandfather, a few pages of " buck- 
wheat " notes copied by her brother, some " worldly 
songs " learned from her mother ; these were her aids in 
musical culture. She had never seen the Red, White and 
Blue, and had never heard of the Star-Spangled Banner. 
For her there was no Twenty-second of February and 
no Fourth of July. No one " lined out " My Country ! 
'tis of Thee. Not once did her husband whistle Yankee 
Doodle, and never did she hear her son sing the story 
of John Brown's Body. The musical shoemaker who 
" whipped the cat " all winter long, and marched from 
house to house with his kit of tools and precious fiddle, 
not even once did this chief musician venture upon March- 
ing through Georgia. Of thorough bass and pipe organs 
the good woman of 1640 was as ignorant as of Sunday 
School hymns and Tonic Sol Fa. 

On Sunday she went to church, and she made her pre- 
parations on Saturday afternoon. The foot stove and "meet- 
ing seed " were made ready. The place of her pew in the 
plain edifice was not due to the depth of her husband's 
purse or to the preference of her pretty daughters, but to 
the arrangement made by the wise men appointed to 
" seat the meeting house." Once in her pew, with stove 



REV. MR. WHITAKER's ADDRESS. 89 

under foot and seed in hand, she listened to the wonder- 
ful performances of the choir and to the sound and solemn 
discourse from the pulpit. The sand ran slowly in the 
hour glass, but no stanzas could be omitted in the psalm, 
and no " head " in the sermon. But in all of those long 
services the heart of that tired woman was never soothed 
by hearing " My Faith Looks up to Thee," " Nearer, my 
God, to Thee," " Jesus, Lover of my Soul," " Abide with 
Me," " One Sweetly Solemn Thought," or " Rock ofr 
Ages." Her faith was never strengthened by singing 
with the congregation, " All Hail the Power of Jesus' 
Name,'' ''Onward, Christian Soldiers," "Awake, my 
Soul, in Joyful Lays," "When I can Read my Title 
Clear," " Blest be the Tie that Binds," or " Guide me, O 
Thou Great Jehovah." Of these twelve hymns, now well 
known and highly prized, not one was in existence in the 
days of Pastor Youngs. 

At last her earthly life was over. There was no under- 
taker of skill and experience to give directions for the 
care of the body. Kind neighbors, awkward and half 
afraid, and destitute of all conveniences, prepared the re- 
mains for burial. The village carpenter made a box, 
rough, rude, unpainted. In this the corpse was placed, 
and the lid was fastened with the noise and jar of ham- 
mer and nails. The funeral was at the home. The open 
bottle stood near the dead body, and the guests showed 
the degree of their sorrow by the depth of their draughts. 
The service over, a springless and jolting wagon or a 
bier often made unsteady by the state of the bearers, con- 
veyed the coffin to the burial place ; and there, with scant 
ceremony, with primitive tools, and with an absence of the 
soothing ministries of flowers, the dust was committed 
to the earth. The rude box was buried in a shallow 
grave. 

My friends, this sketch is only an outline ; but is it not 
full enough to suggest abundant reasons for our self-con- 
gratulation ? In honoring our ancestors, in crediting their 
excellences, in cherishing their worth, none shall be more 



90 SOUTHOLD S CELEBRATION. 

prompt and more proud than the members of the present 
generation. But we do not conceal our gladness at the 
fact that two and a half centuries separate us from those 
illustrious progenitors. 

This is the day of the historian. We have been busy 
with the past. Where is the prophet ? Who can speak 
for the future ? We believe in our generation. It is the 
best that the world has seen. But in the light of the last 
twenty-five years, who dares to say what excellences the 
next two hundred and fifty )^ears may bring forth? In 
view of the amazing changes of the past quarter century, 
what wonders without parallel may fill the next quarter 
millennium? May those who gather in 2140 have even 
more abundant reason than this generation for praising 
the God of their fathers ! 

At the close of the Rev. Mr. Whitaker's address, Judge 
Tuthill said : The Rev. Mr. Abbott, with the support of 
the choir, will sing " One Thousand Years." 

" A Thousand Years, my Own Columbia, " 
was then sung with fine effect. 

The Chairman then said : If such pleasant stories as 
those of William Tell and of Pocahontas may be torn 
out of what we deemed veritable history, we must encou- 
rage the Historical Society, whose province it shall be 
carefully to sift the false from the true, to separate fable 
from fact, and to give to posterity a reliable record. We 
are disappointed to-day as to a representative of the New 
Haven Colony Historical Society. By the instrumentality 
of that Colony our town was founded. But unhappily 
for us now, the representative of that Society, on account 
of illness in his family, is prevented from being with us. 

The Suffolk County Historical Society, which is yet 
young, but vigorous, and which we must all cherish and 
support, is represented here by our District Attorney, 
Wilmot M. Smith, of Patchogue. 



MR SMITH S ADDRESS. 9I 

ADDRESS OF WILMOT M. SMITH, ESQ. 

Mr. Chairman, Ladies and Gentlemen: 

I went down to Riverhead the day before yesterday to 
attend Surrogate's Court, over which presides our amia- 
ble and distinguished President of to-day. As I was leav- 
ing he said : Mr. Smith, by the way, we are disappointed. 
Mr. William Nicholl, of Islip, whom we expected to 
speak at Southold, cannot attend, and I want you to make 
an address on that occasion. I said : Mr. Tuthill, don't yc^u 
think that is hard on me, to tell a busy man two days be- 
fore a celebration to prepare an address on such notice 
for such an occasion ? He said : To be frank with you, 
Mr. Smith, we don't want much of an address. Five 
minutes we will give. Three minutes will answer, and 
two minutes will be better than either. At this late hour, 
after the eloquent addresses to which you have listened, it 
would be inappropriate for me to do more than to thank 
you personally, and on behalf of the Society I represent, 
for the privilege of appearing upon the platform before 
such an audience and upon such an inspiring occasion. I 
am to be followed by Judge Hedges, whom you will all be 
delighted to hear, and I therefore with great pleasure most 
cheerfully surrender the balance of my five minutes to 
that honored representative of the Bench and the Bar, 
and of the best culture and citizenship of our county. 

The choir, at the close of the Suffolk County Attorney's 
address, rendered the following ode, written for the cele- 
bration : 



92 



SOUTHOLD S CELEBRATION. 



1=3= 



D. P. HORTON.. 




1. Hail to thy strand, Long Is - land dear, Moth - er, we love thee 

2. Thou, sun - ny isle, a lov - er hast. Strong is his arm a - 



-^- 



1 -^' -^ 

:rrgzt:==[:=:^ 



Pil - lowed up - on thy gen - tie breast, •! 
Gent - ly thy slen - der waist to press. 




Sweetly now soothe thy child to rest, While the gray o - oean 
Rude though in storm be his ca - ress, Gal - lant a knight in 




3 Smoothly he spreads a mirror there. 
Glassing thy beauty, island fair, 
Where the tall clifl and forest green 
Shimmer in all their summer sheen. 
Home of my heart, forever dear, 
Would 1 were alway with thee here. 

Copyright, l-i90, by D. P. Hortoa. 



HON. MR. HEDGES ADDRESS. 93 

After music by the bands, Judge Tuthill said: The 
next speaker represents the town of Southampton, which 
has about as much history as we have, with five minutes 
more or less. Fired with two hundred and fifty years of 
facts, the Hon. Henry P. Hedges will now speak to us. 

ADDRESS OF THE HON. HENRY P. HEDGES. 

Friends of Southold : 

The concluding remarks of my friend Mr. Smith allude 
in a most flattering manner to me, and are introductory 
to mine. Thereby I am in a f)osition painful and embar- 
rassing, because the herald's proclamation exceeds the 
speaker's power to accomplish, and the performance will 
fail to satisfy the sounding phraseology of the manifesto. 
The audience will please accept my disclaimer, and my 
honest desire to contribute to the interest of this occasion, 
as an apology for what 1 may say and fail to say. 

Mr. Chairman : Speaking for the Town of Southamp- 
ton to this glorious old Town of Southold, I might speak 
of the men here who for so long and many years have 
walked with the men there. I might even in my own 
personal experience speak of the aged men with whom I 
walked, with whom 1 talked and conferred, so that it may 
be said we took sweet counsel together. They have gone 
and we are here. But there is not time to speak of those 
who have here filled the ranks of social, business, and pro- 
fessional life, and it is fitting that I read, in order that I 
may condense, a few remarks which I suppose applicable 
to this case and this occasion. 

Mr. Chairman and Friends of Southold : 

The questioner who asks whence came the volume 
of waters that the Hudson pours on the shores of Man- 
hattan Island will find his answer in the far-off moun- 
tain streams that conjointly fall into that river. The 
student, inquiring into the origin of our system of confed- 
erated republics, will find it flowing from the early self- 



94 SOUTHOLD S CELEBRATION. 

governed Colonies that occupied the ocean's rim, and 
moving- west sent their cohorts from station to station 
until they reached the Pacific ocean. 

In this majestic movement the colossal tread of the New 
England Colonies is conspicuous. But their march is no 
more real, no more elevating, no more philanthropic than 
that of the early Colonies occupying Eastern Long Island. 
Southampton, Southold, and East Hampton, instituting 
government for themselves, allied early with New Haven i 
or Connecticut, thereby became component parts of "The 
United Colonies of New England," and joined in the 
Westward march bearing the banner of Freedom. Their 
sons moved with the pioneers to the interior over swamp 
and morass, and marsh and river, up the Atlantic and 
down the Pacific slope of the Rocky Mountains. Their 
names are called in the halls of legislation, in executive 
positions, in judicial stations from center to circumference 
of these States and Territories. On whatever other 
questions these three Towns may differ, in their love of 
freedom, their devotion to the cause of representative 
government, their capacity to institute and perpetuate 
the people's rule, they agree. 

As early as July, 1682, at a general training, the people 
of East Hampton drew up and signed a petition to An- 
thony Brockholst, the then Governor of New York, claim- 
ing the right of representation in a General and " Free 
Assembly," and that the imposition of laws and orders 
unauthorized by such Assembly was a deprivation " of a 
fundamental privilege of our English Nation." Thus, 
ninety years before the Declaration of Independence that 
town voiced substantially the principle that representa- 
tion was a right of the people under the British Consti- 
tution, and taxation without it was a violation of the fun- 
damental law. In this petition East Hampton, speaking 
for herself, the pioneer herald of freedom in the State, if 
not on the Continent, expressed the cherished convictions 
of the freemen of Southold and Southampton. 

What elements of liberty were contained in the atmo- 



HON. MR. HEDGES ADDRESS. 95 

sphere of the British Constitution were wafted with the 
emigrants from England across the ocean to this New 
World. No oriental forms of obsequious servility, no be- 
trayal of the people's rights, no surrender of freedom, 
disgrace the annals of these three Eastern towns. The 
lights that steady shine or sudden flash Irom the headlands 
of Montauk and Ponquogue and Horton's Point are no 
truer guides to the benighted mariner than were the 
aspiring souls of these three earliest English towns of the 
Empire State to the sorely tried men of their day. 

November i, 1683, Suffolk County, one of the ten origi- 
nal counties of this State, was organized, including six 
Towns, Brookhaven, Smithtown, and Huntington, in ad- 
dition to the three easternmost. In celebrating the two 
hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the settlement of the 
Town of Southold, this day, we commemorate historic 
remembrances of the grandest import. We reach the 
mountain springs of the River of Freedom. We follow 
its flowing stream, commencing in 1640, less than a score 
of years after the Pilgrims first planted their feet on Ply- 
mouth Rock, past the wars with the Narragansetts, when 
brave Capt. John Youngs traversed the eastern entrance 
of Long Island Sound in an armed vessel of war and de- 
fended these towns from the appalling horrors of fire and 
murder and massacre that Ninigret, chief of the Narra- 
gansetts, sought to bear in his bloody pathway— past 
French and Indian wars — past the conflict on the unfor- 
gotten Heights of Abraham, where France and England 
Avrestled for the sceptre of a Continent — past the siege 
and capture of Louisburg — past the unheeded protests 
of America against the Stamp Act — past the resounding 
shock of Concord and Lexington and Bunker Hill — 
past the ringing echoes of the famous Declaration — 
past the woeful day when Long Island fell before the 
foe, whereof the 114th anniversary occurs to-morrow 
— past Saratoga and Yorktown — past the glad hour of 
Evacuation Day — past one and a quarter centuries of 
Colonial vassalage — past the proud day when the cor- 



g6 southold's celebration. 

sair powers of Barbary were forced to forbear oppres- 
sion and pillage and piracy — past the war of 1812, ra- 
diant with naval achievement, of our streaming- meteor 
flag — past the war with Mexico, and best of all and more 
than all, thanks to the power Supreme, past the war of 
the Great Rebellion, down to the present promise of a 
union providentially restored to a consolidated strength 
in measure so vast as to beget the serenity of fearlessness, 
the assurance of peace. 

The history of these old towns and this original county 
begun amid the beginnings of Colonial times, moves like 
an unceasing river's flow through all the tide of the Na- 
tion's life. Felt in its earliest pulsations, may it endure 
to the last heart beat of the Nation. Organized as towns 
and as a county generations before the Colony became a 
State or the States became a Nation, there is nothing of 
glorious sacrifice, of sublime achievement, of magnificent 
progress in the history of the Nation, wherein their sons 
were inactive or wherein their part was inglorious. In 
successive eras of the Nation's growth and grandeur, 
these old towns have contributed their best, their choicest 
offerings/and the Town of Southold not the tardiest or 
least. 

As a native of East Hampton exultant in her past his- 
tory, I present her congratulations to her sister Town of 
Southold on this anniversary in her long and bright ca- 
reer. As a resident of the Town of Southampton, careful 
for her fame, intrusted with her honor, called as her mes- 
senger, I express her sincerest regard and her profound- 
est interest in this celebration, and the remembrance of 
events so venerable for antiquity, so enduring in effects, 
so elevating in tenor, so transforming in power. As a 
delegate of the Suffolk County Historical Society, and 
speaking for the time as the representative of that institu- 
tion and for the County, let me assure the audience that 
the County joins heart and hand in the memories of the 
day, and the unsullied history it is designed to perpetuate. 
Finally, as a private individual, past the allotted threescore 



HON. MR. hedges' ADDRESS. 97 

and ten of the Psalmist, soon to hear the inevitable call, 
long intensely interested in the early history of these 
Towns and of the County, let my last message to the good 
old Town of Southold come in petition for her welfare, 
her prosperity, her perpetuity, in gratitude for her un- 
fading lustre, and let her devout aspirations ascend to the 
Great Father " as incense, and the lifting up of her hands 
as the evening sacrifice." 

" Through the harsh noises of our day, 
A low sweet prelude finds its way ; 
Through clouds of doubt and creeds of fear, 
A light is breaking calm and clear. 

That song of love, now low and far. 
Ere long shall swell from star to star ! 
That light, the breaking day, which tips 
The golden-spired Apocalypse." 

The address of Judge Hedges preceded the singing by 
Mr. George B. Reeve (solo) and chorus of an ode written 
for the day by the Rev, J. H. Ballou, as follows : 

WE SHALL MEET. 

Tune — Shall we meet? 

1. Now a glad memorial chorus 
Sing we of that pilgrim band 

Who, in days so long before us, 
Sojourned in this sea-girt land. 

Chorus : 

We shall meet, yes, shall meet. 
Those who still march on before us. 

Chanting now a grander chorus 
In a yet more goodl}' land. 

2. Sturdy pioneers, God-fearing, 
Were those worthy men of yore ; 

Trust in God their strong hearts cheering, 
While they sought a foreign shore. 

Chorus : 
We shall meet, etc. 



98 southold's celebration. 

3. On through hardship and privation, 
Brave and cheerful was their toil, 

Fostering here a new-born nation, 
On Columbia's virgin soil. 

Chorus : 
We shall meet, 'etc. 

4, Honored be their names in story. 
By their children proudly sung, 

While they reap in fadeless glory, 
Sheaves from faithful sowing sprung. 

Chorus . 
We shall meet, etc. 

Appropriate music by the bands closed the formal pro- 
ceedings of the afternoon in the Grove at Oak Lawn. 



HON. MR. reeves' ADDRESS. 99 



THE EVENING MEETING. 

At 7 : 30 p. m., an intelligent and attractive congrega- 
tion thronged the house of worship of the First Church. 
The large platform was fully occupied by persons of emi- 
nence in the various callings, pursuits and professions of 
life. The Committee of Arrangements had appointed the 
Hon. Henry A. Reeves, to preside at this part of the 
celebration. He had represented the First Congressional 
District of the State of New York in the Congress of the 
United States ; had been for many years, as he is at the 
present time, the chief civil officer of the Town of South- 
old, being a member of the Board of Supervisors of the 
County of Suffolk, as well as a member of an important 
Board of Commissioners of the Commonwealth of New 
York. On proceeding to take the chair, he spoke as fol- 
lows, by way of- introduction : 

ADDRESS OF THE HON. HENRY A. REEVES. 

Fellow Citizens of Southold Town, which for the 
time being comprehends the visible universe : 
If it be true, as has often been said, that the post of 
greatest difficulty is the post of highest honor, then I am 
sure that your Committee has loaded me with honor as 
far beyond my deserving as my desiring. For what can 
be more difficult to finite faculties than to create some- 
thing out of nothing — to do or to say when there is actu- 
ally nothing to be done or said ? Here, by a most ism- 
taken indulgence, your Committee has assigned to me 
what at first blush might be thought a pleasant and 
agreeable duty, to say some suitable words prefatory to 
the exercises in which you are about to engage this eve- 
ning, as a fitting finale to the enjoyments of the day. But 
if you stop a moment to reflect, you will see that the real 



SOUTHOLD S CELEBRATION. 



and the sufficient introduction was uttered in this place 
this morning by the beloved pastor of the First Church 
of Southold, to whose zeal and energy and competent di- 
rection the people of the town owe so much of the suc- 
cess which happily has crowned this effort to w^orthily 
commemorate its settlement a quarter of a millennium 
ago. He then explored the whole field, and covered the 
ground where I might have hoped to dig up some frag- 
ments of suggestive memories or of useful sentiment 
wherewith to regale a few minutes of your time. As an 
introduction proper, his was and is the completed harvest 
of fully ripened grain. I am not left enough gleanings 
to fill one paltry sheaf, and while I don't complain of the 
fact, but on the contrary rejoice in it for your sakes even 
more than for my own, yet I am bound to mention it in 
extenuation of my inevitable default. And if you should 
ask why I don't turn out of a beaten path into one of phi- 
losophic generalizations or historical recitals concerning 
the men and the women, the fathers and the mothers, 
from whose prolific loins sprang the progeny who laid 
broad and deep foundations on which the present Towns 
of Southold, Shelter Island, and Riverhead are built — 
why I don't compensate for my loss in one direction 
by activity in another even more attractive, I recall 
to your minds that this morning a splendid oration by 
a foremost orator of his generation delighted all who 
heard it, and will delight other multitudes who read it, 
and that in this grand paper the genesis and the growth of 
these good towns — the philosophy and the phenomena of 
that passage of local history, special though it be, yet 
dealing with large events in the world without, and em- 
bracing much the largest part of the life of our great 
State of New York — were presented in a masterly way, 
clear and lucid to the dullest, yet comprehensive and 
complete to the keenest intelligence, and leaving nothing 
to be added, even if I were presumptuous enough to at- 
tempt such a hopeless task. While, finally, if you point 
me to the opportunity for anecdote and genealogy, for 



HON. MR. REEVES ADDRESS. 



racy reminiscence and pithy reflection, for enlivening- 
chapters from a wide range of local development during 
the 250 years since the first settlement, I again remind 
you that this branch of the topics needful or proper to 
discuss has already had some successful treatment from 
the several afternoon speakers, and is a special field re- 
served for the pen of the eminent local historiographer, 
himself a loyal son of the soil, Mr. Charles B. Moore, whose 
paper is to form the chief feature of the evening's enter- 
tainment. It would be discourtesy to him, even if it were 
within my power, to forestall in the smallest sense his 
full and opulent narrative of the facts and influences, the 
events and the actors, which illustrate the history of the 
town. I am, therefore, fatally " cabined, cribbed, con- 
fined " — a prisoner of hope, as all prisoners are — but with- 
out material to construct even a porch through which 
you may approach the delightsome dwelling this day 
erected. And so, as I am shut down to literal acceptance 
of the situation, T have had to bump my head against this 
verbal stone wall, this noun which defines the part as- 
signed me on the programme for to-night. 

Well, what is an introduction ? Webster calls it : 
I. The act of bringing to notice. 2. The act of making 
persons known to each other. 3. That part of a book or 
discourse which introduces or leads the way to the main 
thoughts — preliminary matter. You see that these three- 
fold definitions are equally fatal to my hope of being some- 
body or doing something on this programme. What can 
I bring to your notice that is not already there ? The day 
itself has gone, carrying into your past rich fruits of re- 
newed faith in God and in humanity. It has written its 
own notice indelibly in your minds and hearts, and its 
published record will abide as a red letter page on the 
annals of our town. Of what remains for the evening the 
printed programme has informed you more succinctly 
than I should have been apt to do. Nor can I hope from 
this platform to do much in the way of making you known 
to each other ; in fact, you already know one another as 



I02 SOUTHOLD'S CELEBRATION. 

well as need or ought to be, perhaps in some cases better, 
and without an extra-hazardous policy of life insurance, I 
am not going to take the risk that might arise from at- 
tempting to make husbands known to wives, etc. And, 
lastly, the " preliminary matter " of which Webster ? peaks 
as leading to the main thoughts of a book or discourse is 
always the part which people skip or jump over and for- 
get as soon as it is passed. A preface, indeed, is the exact 
antithesis of a postscript, in that the latter is read first and 
the former last or not at all, and to readers or listeners an 
introduction is like the verbiage with which a will opens, 
while the interest (and principal too) centers in what fol- 
lows. As the evening introducer, therefore, who am to 
lead the way to somebody else's thoughts, I was doomed 
from the start — -foreordained, I might say — to be a mere 
apologetic prelude, a figurehead, a nonenity, from whom 
the best that could be expected, perhaps all that can justly 
be expected, is to look wise and say nothing. Yet I can't 
resist the temptation to indulge just a few words on a 
single one of many ideas that are pertinent and that come 
thronging thickly into view. I want you to note as a fore- 
most item the strong, virile, vigorous, and various man. 
hood and womanhood which, without particularizing indi- 
vidual instances, has characterized the generations that 
preceded us in the possession and the development of 
these towns. Whether it be physical stamina, or mental 
force, or intellectual caliber, or moral power, or social 
amenity, in each and all of these the people who have 
dwelt within the ancient bounds of Southold Town may 
be said to have been and to continue to be excellent ex- 
amples of American freemen at their best estate. To the 
Puritan solidity of character and mind, of mould and 
frame, have been added the staunchness and the grace of 
the Huguenot, the plucky and persevering thrift of the 
Dutch, the order and steadfastness of the German, the 
quickness and the fidelity of the Celt, the prudence and the 
probity of the Saxon, and other good qualities of other 
nationalities. All have been welcomed and all have as- 



HON. MR. reeves' ADDRESS. 103 

similated, slowly but surely, races, creeds, sects, traits, 
and elemental qualities of mind and body, in the forma- 
tion of a catholic and cosmopolitan population, liberal in 
tendencies, broad in views, just in spirit, whose energies 
have not run to waste, but have expanded and fructified 
in useful industries at home, while from the parent hive 
constant streams of stout-hearted working bees have flown 
out into all the continent to help subdue the wilderness or 
to swell the tides of civilized toil- 
In material thrift and activity the agricultural and com- 
mercial progress of these towns has been notable. You 
may ride thousands of miles and fail to find a more de- 
lightful picture of pastoral prosperity than this town pre- 
sents from Orient Point to the Riverhead line ; and the 
other two towns which are gathered here under our wings, 
even as a mother hen gathereth her twin chicks and 
clucks to the others that are not hers— Southampton for 
instance — are almost equally favored of nature and fortu- 
nate in the conditions of agricultural and horticultural 
success. 

The waters that infold and interlace this goodly heri- 
tage, opening to our doors a liquid pathway to all the 
shores of the boundless ocean, not only invite and foster 
commercial enterprise, but teem with treasures of sea 
food adapted to the wants of mankind ; and not only in 
the line of both vessel building and vessel manning for 
both foreign and coastwise traffic, but also in the prosecu- 
tion of the fisherman's industry, have the people of these 
towns been eminently diligent, energetic and efficient. 
To-day, without any fresh census enlightenment, as a 
careful guess I estimate the yearly value of the fisheries 
of these towns to considerably exceed three-quarters of a 
million dollars, while the value of their agricultural and 
horticultural products is doubtless in excess of a million 
dollars each year, and in other lines of mechanical and 
manual industry, the various trades and occupations 
which diversify society and supply its material needs 
have had ample scope for the exercise of their several en- 



I04 SOUTHOLD S CELEBRATION. 

ergies, and have been active, steadfast, and successful in 
a marked degree. 

As an exemplification, a sort of epitome, of the qualities 
and the virtues which have made these towns what they 
are to-day, and which, God willing, will continue to guide 
and guard their onward course so long as the generations 
to come shall cherish the memories and emulate the ex- 
ample of their ancestors, I hold in my hand two little 
printed sheets, which, though mere bits in size, are in con- 
tents more eloquent and instructive than many volumes. 

They contain, respectively, the sixty-fourth semi-annual 
statement of the condition of the Southold Savings 
Bank the ist day of July, 1890, and the thirty-sixth semi- 
annual statement of Riverhead Savings Bank at the 
same date, and collectively they show no less sums than 
a total of assets amounting to $3,081,849.28; and a total 
due depositors of $2,681,818.08. It is true not all the de- 
positors in these banks are residents of the three towns, 
but by far the largest number are, and for an aggregate 
population of about 13,000, the showing these figures 
make is a highly suggestive and creditable one. It is, 
however, valuable chiefly as proving that some of the 
basic elements in the old Puritan character are immova- 
bly embedded in the population of these towns, and that 
while other elements have been engrafted upon the origi- 
nal stock and have added to both its strength and its 
symmetry, there remains the foundation of sobriety, self- 
reliance, earnestness, enterprise, zeal, and frugality, which 
distinguished the early settlers and which have insured 
the progress and prosperity of their descendants, as they 
will of every community happy enough to possess them. 

And now, having hunted to no avail for a theme on 
which to say something, and having taken fifteen or more 
of your minutes in saying nothing, I can find no more ap- 
propriate way to finish this introduction to the evening's 
enjoyment — this grace before meat — than to apply to the 
occasion and the audience before me words addressed to 
" Our Country," by the sweet Quaker singer of New 



HON. MR. reeves' ADDRESS. IO5 

Eng-land, the poet Whittier, his latest and one of his best 
short poems, the sentiments of which seem to be pecu- 
liarly apposite to the circumstances under which we 
are assembled : 

OUR COUNTRY. 

Our thought of thee is glad with hope, 
Dear country of our love and prayers : 

Thy way is down no fatal slope, 
But up to freer sun and airs. 

Tried as by furnace fires, and yet 

By God's grace only stronger made ; 
In future tasks before thee set 

Thou shalt not lack the old-time aid. 

The fathers sleep, but men remain 

As true and wise and brave as they ; 
Why count the loss without the gain ? 

The best is that we have to-day. 

No lack was in thy primal stock, 

No weakling founders builded here ; 
There were the men of Plymouth Rock ; 

The Puritan and Cavalier ; 

And they whose firm endurance gained 

The freedom of the souls of men, 
Whose hands unstained in peace maintained 

The swordless commonwealth of Penn. 

And time shall be the power of all 

To do the work that duty bids ; 
And make the people's Council Hall 

As lasting as the Pyramids. 

Thy lesson all the world shall learn, 

The nations at thy feet shall sit ; 
Earth's furthest mountain tops shall burn 

With watchfires from thine own uplit. 

Great, without seeking to be great 

By fraud or conquest — rich in gold, 
But richer in the large estate 

Of virtue which thy children hold. 



io6 southold's celebration. 

With peace that comes of purity, 

And strength to simple justice due, 
So owns our loj^al dream of thee. 

God of our fathers ! make it true. 

Oh, land of lands ! to thee we give 
Our love, our trust, our service free ; 

For thee thy sons shall nobly live, 
And at thy need shall die for thee. 

The Chairman then invited the Rev. William H. Littell, 
of Setauket, to lead in prayer. The Rev. Mr. Littell is 
the pastor of Brookhaven Town's First Church, organized 
in 1655, whose first pastor was the Rev. Nathaniel Brews- 
ter, a kinsman of William Brewster, the Ruling Elder of 
the church that founded the Plymouth Colony. 

PRAYER OF THE REV. WILLIAM H. LITTELL. 

Our God, and we will bless Thee, our fathers' God, and 
we will trust Thee. We come to Thee to-night exulting 
in Thy great goodness to those who have gone before us, 
and beseeching Thee to help us to learn well the lessons 
taught in Thy dealings with them. 

Truly " the Lord has been with us." " Hitherto hath 
the Lord helped us." 

Grant us grace and wisdom to discharge faithfully the 
duties that devolve upon us, in the time that now is and 
in all time to come. 

May the blessings that are ours by reason of a God- 
fearing ancestry be appreciated by us as bringing with 
them the solemn responsibility to hand down unimpaired 
to coming generations the blessings of civil and religious 
liberty. 

Let the words of wisdom this day heard be good seed 
in our hearts and bring forth fruit in our lives and so help 
to make us Christian patriots. 

We would remember how of old religion and patriot- 
ism were joined together in the history of Thine ancient 
Israel, and reahze that the hope of our country, for the 



REV. MR. LITTELL's PRAYER. 107 

present and all the future, is to be found in the same com- 
bination among us. 

May the blessing of a Covenant-keeping God, " the same 
yesterday, to-day, and forever," rest upon us, that through- 
out all our land the principles of truth and righteousness 
may prevail ; and we learn that " righteousness exalteth 
a nation, but sin is a reproach unto any people." 

Help us w^ho have here rejoiced to-day because of Thy 
goodness to those whose memory we cherish in song and 
history and oration, to remember that Thou dealest 
with nations in time, but with individuals in time and 
eternity. 

Help us, therefore, as individual patriots and Christians 
to serve our generation well ; and may we as happy in- 
dividuals make up happy communities, and as happy com- 
munities make up a happy people ; happy because our 
trust is in the Lord. And unto our Lord would we ascribe 
blessing and honor and glory and dominion and power. 
Amen. 

After the prayer the Rev. Bennett T, Abbott (solo) and 
chorus sang : 

THE OLD HOUSE AT HOME. 

Oh, the old house at home where my forefathers dwelt, 

Where a child at the feet of my mother I knelt, 

Where she taught me the prayer, where she read me the page, 

Which, if infancy lisps, is the solace of age ; 

My heart 'mid all changes, wherever I roam, 

Ne'er loses its love for the old house at home. 

I Chorus : The old house at home, the good old house at home ; 
My heart never changes for that dear old house at home. 

It was not for its splendor that dwelling was dear, 

It was not that the gay and the noble were near ; 

O'er the porch the wild rose and the woodbine entwined, 

And the sweet scented jessamine waved in the wind ; 

But dearer to me than proud turret or dome 

Were the halls of my fathers, the old house at home. 

Chorus. 



io8 southold's celebration. 

But now that old house is no dwelling for me, 
The home of the stranger henceforth k must be, 
And ne'er shall I view it or roam as a guest 
O'er the evergreen fields which my fathers possessed ; 
Yet still in my slumbers sweet visions will come 
Of the days that I passed in the old house at home. 
Chorus. 

The Chairman said : The address of the evening-, pre- 
pared by Charles B. Moore, Esquire, a native of our town, 
now a resident of New York City, author of the " Per- 
sonal Indexes of Southold," will be read. 



T09 



INTRODUCTION. 

Books numbered for convenience of reference. 

Nos. (the same as used in the New York Genealogical and Biographical Society). 

9. Civil List of the Colony and State of New York. Albany. 
13. Allibone's Critical Dictionary of British and American 

Authors, 1859 and 1870. 
84a. History of New Netherlands, by O'Callaghan. 2d edition. 

Vol. I. 1855. 
84b. History of New Netherlands, by O'Callaghan. 2d edition. 

Vol. n. 1855. 
85. Chalmers' Annals of the United Colonies to 1763. 
87. History of the Province of New York to 1732, by Wm. Smith. 

London, 1757. Ch. J. of N. Y., 1782 ; of Port Royal. 1692. 
89. The Same, continued to 1818, by J. V. N. Yates. Albany. 

92. History of the State of New York, by Joseph W. Moulton. 

Vol. L, 1821 to 1826, and Part II. 

93. History of the State of New York, by Brodhead. Vol.1. 1851. 
(311.) History of the State of New York, by Brodhead. Vol. II. 

1871. 

95. Denton's Brief Description of New York, 1670. Edited by G. 

Furman. Printed by Gowans, 1845. 

96. History of Long Island, by B. F. Thompson. 1839. ist edition. 

97. History of Long Island, by B. F. Thompson. 1843. Vol. I. 

2d edition. 

98. History of Long Island, by B. F. Thompson. 1843. Vol.11. 

2d edition, 
loi. History of Orange County, by S. W. Eager. 1847. 
108. Annals of Newtown, by James Riker, Jr. 1852. 
115. Sermon, with History of East Hampton, by Rev. Lyman 

Beecher. 1806. 
120. Moulton's view of New Orange, now New York. 1673. 
122. Sketch of Huntington, L. I., by Silas Wood. 1824. 
124. Sketch of the several Towns of Long Island, by same. 
146. Prime's Ecclesiastical History of Long Island. 1845. 
150. Historical Collections of the State, by Barber and Howe. 

1847. 



no SOUTHOLD S CELEBRATION. 

154. Indexes of Southold, by C. B. Moore. 1868. 
1543^ Southold Town Record, with Notes by E. W. Case, 1882. 
Vol. I. (See No. 958 for Vol. II ) 

164. History of Southold, its First Century, by Rev. Dr. Whitaker. 

1881. 

165. History of Rye, Westchester, by C. W. Baird. 1874. 

167. The Register of New Netherlands, by E. B. O'Callaghan. 
1865. 

210. Old New York, by J. W. Francis. 1858, 1865-6. 

267. Early History of Southampton, L. I., by Geo. R. Howell. 1866. 

311. See No, 93, Brodhead History. Vol. II. 187 1. 

341, New York Marriage Licenses previous to 1784. 

343. The Corwin Genealogy, by Rev. Edward T. Corwin. 1872. 

350. The Genealogy of the Benedicts in America, by H. M. Bene- 
dict. 1876. 

356. Journal of Augustus Griflfing, etc. 1857. 

357. 2ooth Anniversary of Easthampton, by H. P. Hedges. 1850. 
403. Record of the Coe Family. 1856, 

421. Memorials of the Mudge Family. 1868. 

422. Register of First Settlers of New England, by Farmer. 1829. 

423. Catalogue of Early Settlers of Connecticut, by Hinman. 1852. 

424. Genealogies of the First Settlers of Passaic Valley, by Littell. 

1851. 

425. Memorials of Early Settlers of Watertown, Mass., by Hy. 

Bond. 1855. 
447. Chronicles of Easthampton, by D. Gardiner. 1867. 

456. Calendar of English State Papers, Colonial Series, 1574 to 

1660, by W. N. Sainsbury. 1866. 

457. Dictionary of American Biography, by F. S. Drake. 1872. 
487. Memorial of Edward Huntting, by Rev. E. Whitaker. 1864. 

628. Historical Collections, etc., by Ebenezer Hazard. Vol. I. 

1792. 

629. Historical Collections, by Ebenezer Hazard. Vol. II. 1794. 
797. Memoir of the First Poet in New Netherland. (Jacob Steen- 

dani.) 1 861. 
820. Account of the Four Chiefest Plantations of the English in 

America, by Rev. Samuel Clark, of London. 1670. 
898. Horton Genealogy, by Geo. F. Horton, M.D. 1876. 
8981^. Horton Addenda, by Geo. F. Horton, M.D. 1S79. 

901. The First Book of Records of Southampton, Long Island. 

1874. 

902. The Second Book of Records of Southampton, Long Island. 

1877. 
906. Autobiography of N. T. Hubbard, N. Y., 1798 to 1875. 



INTRODUCTION. Ill 

907. Centennial Address, Bridgehampton, L. I., by H. P. Hedges. 
1876. 

924. William Wells and his Descendants, by Rev. Chas. Wells 
Hayes. 1878. 

932. Barbers Connecticut Historical Collections. 1838. 2d edi- 
tion, 1846. 

952. Harlem, of N. Y., its Origin and Early Annals, by James 

Riker. 1881. 
958. Southold Town Records and Notes, by J. W. Case. Vol. H. 
1884. (See No. 1541^ for Vol. I.) 

975. The Bi-Centennial History of Suffolk County, etc., by Rev. 

E. Whitaker, and others. 1885. 

976. The Centennial of the Presbyterian Church of Bridge-Hamp- 

ton, by H. P. Hedges. 1886. 

977. Huntington Town Records, 1653 to 1658, by C R. Street. 

Vol. I. 1887. 
981. Huntington Town Records, 1653 to 1658, by C. R. Street. 

Vol. H. 
A. I to A. 4. American Historical Record, by B. J. Lossing. Vols. 

I. to IV. 
A. 6 and A. 7. Historical Gleanings, by Mrs. C. V. R. Bonney. 

Vols. I. and H. 
A. II to A. 32. Magazine of American History. Vols. I. to XXH. 
A. 58. Annals of America, by Abiel Holmes. Vol- I. 1829. 
A. 59. Annals of America, by Abiel Holmes. Vol. H. 1829. 
A. 78. Sir William Alexander and American Colonization. 1873. 
A. 79. Bi-Centennial Celebration in East New Jersey. 1885. 
A. 80. Old Times in Huntington. Centennial Address of Hy. C. 

Piatt. 1876. 

A. 84. The Allerton Family, by W. S. A. N. Y., 1888. 

B, 16. History of Westchester, revised by Rev. Robt. Bolton. 

Vol. I. 

B. 17. History of Westchester, revised by Rev, Robt. Bolton. 

Vol. H. 

C. 7. Calendar of Land Papers, 1643 to 1803. Albany. 
C. 8. Calendar of Historical MSS., 1638 to 1801. Vol.1. 
C. 9. Calendar of Historical MSS., 1638 to 1801. Vol. H. 

C. 10. History of New London, by F. M.Caulkins. 2d edition 
C. II. History of Norwich, by same. 1874. 

C. 33. Naval History of Great Britain, by Dr. John Campbell. 
Vol. H. 

C. 34. Cromwell's Letters and Speeches, by T. Carlyle. 

D. I Documents relating to the Colonial History of N.Y., procur- 

ed in Holland. Vol. L 1856 (printed after Vols. HL to VHL) 



SOUTHOLD S CELEBRATION. 



D. 

D. 

D. 

D. 

D. 

D. 

D. 

D. 

D. 

D. 
D. 

D. 

D. 

D. 

D. 

D. 
D. 
D. 
D. 

D. 

D. 

E. 

E. 

F. 
G. 



2. Documents relating to the Colonial History of N.Y., procur- 
ed in Holland. Vol. H. 1858 (printed after Vols. HI. to VUI.) 

3. Documents relating to the Colonial History of New York 
procured in London. Vol. HI. 1853. 

4. Documents relating to the Colonial History of New York, 
procured in Holland, England and France. Vol. IV. 1854. 

5. Documents relating to the Colonial History of New York, 
procured in Holland, England and France. Vol. V. 1855. 

6. Documents relating to the Colonial History of New York, 
procured in Holland, England and France. Vol. VI. 1855. 

7. Documents relating to the Colonial History of New York, 
procured in Holland, England and France. Vol. VII. 1856. 

8. Documents relating to the Colonial History of New York, 
procured in Holland, England and France. Vol. VIII. 1857. 

9. Documents relating to the Colonial History of New York, 
procured in Paris. Vol, IX. 1855. 

10. Documents relating to the Colonial History of New York, 
procured in Paris. Vol. X. 1858. 

11. An Index of the last 10 volumes, by O'Callaghan. 

12. Documentary History. 8vo. From New York Records. 
Albany, 1849. Vol. I. 

13. Documentary History. 
Albany, 1849. Vol. II. 

14. Documentary History 
Albany, 1849. Vol. III. 

15. Documentary History. 
Albany, 1851. Vol. IV. 

16. The same. 4to. From the 
1850-51. Vol. I. 

17. The same. 4to. 

18. The same. 4to. 

19. The same. 4to. 



8vo. From New York Records. 



8vo. From New York Records. 



8vo. From New York Records. 



New York Records. Albany, 



From New York Records. 
From New York Records. 
From New York Records. 



Vol. 
Vol. 



II. 
III. 



Vol. IV. 



Com- 



20. Documents. Dutch and Swedish on the Delaware, 
pleted by B. Fernow. Vol. XII. 1877. 

21. Documents. Dutch and Swedish on the Delaware. Com- 
pleted by B. Fernow. Vol. XIII. 

22. Documents. Dutch and Swedish on the Delaware. Com- 
pleted by B. Fernow. Vol. XIV. 

I to E. 16. Essex Institute Historical Collections, Salem, 

Mass. Vols. I. to XVI. 
82. Memoirs of John Evelyn and his Diary, by Wm. Bray. 

Lond., 1871. 
I to F. 18. Annals of U. S., by Peter Force. Vols. I to. XVIII. 
I to G. 19. The New York Genealogical and Biographical 

Record. Vol. I. to XIX. 



INTRODUCTION. II3 

G. 29. Gazetteer of the State of New York, by T. F. Gordon. 1836. 
G. 31 to G. 49. Bulletin of the American Geographical Society. 

Vols. I. to XIX. 
G. 81. Account of Dunwich, Blythburgh and Southwold, by Thos. 

Gardner. 1754. 4to. 
G. 86. Papers and Biography of Lion Gardiner, 1599 to 1663, with 

Appendix and Notes by Curtiss C. Gardiner, 1883. 
G. 87. Lion Gardiner and his descendants, 1 599-1890, by same. 
H. I to H. 10. The Historical Magazine, Vol. L, 1857, to Vol. X., 

1866. 
H. 28. J. C. Hotten's List of Emigrants. 1874. 
H. 29. Hatfield's History of Elizabeth, N. J. 

H. 30. C. J. Hoadley's Records of New Haven from 1638 to 1649. 
H. 31. C. J. Hoadley's Records of New Haven from 1653 to the 

Union. 
H. 32. Huntington Town Records. Printed. Vol. L 
H. 33. Huntington Town Records. Printed. Vol. H. 
H. 34. Early History of Hempstead, L. I., by C. B. Moore. New 

York, 1879. 
L 4. Some Account of the Ireland Family (of L. I.), 1880. 
I. 5. The Irish Nation, its History and Biography, by Wills. 

Vol. III. 
I. 6. The Irish Nation, its History and Biography, by Wills. 

Vol. IV. 
I. 8. Indians of North America, by Samuel G. Drake. 1837. 
K. 2. Kent's Commentaries. Vol. II. 
M. 66. Macy Family Genealogy. New York, 1872. 
M. 67. Miller's History of Riverhead. 
M. 68. Capt. John Mason, his Charters, etc. 1887. 
N. I to N. 42. New England Historical and Genealogical Register- 
Boston, Vol. I., 1847, to Vol. XLIL, 1888. 
P. 16. World's Progress. Dictionary of Dates, etc. G.P.Putnam. 
P. 17. British Ethnology. Pedigree of the English People. 
P. 35. Southold Branch of the Paine Family, by Horace M. Paine, 

M. D. 
R. 12. Records of Brookhaven to 1800, by Hutchinson. 
R. 25. Records of Brookhaven from 1798 to 1856-1888. 
R. 26, 27, 28, 29. Records of East Hampton, 1887. Vols. I. to IV. 
S. 10 to S. 15. Stryker's American Register and Magazine. Vols. 

I. to VI. 
S. 16. History of Suffolk County, L. I., with illustrations by W. W. 

Munsell. 
S. 25. The Storrs Family, by Chas. Storrs. 1886. 
S. 27. Descent of Comfort Sands and of his Children. 1886. 



114 SOUTHOLD S CELEBRATION. 

S. 32. Sketches of Suffold County and of L. I., by Robert B. Bayles 

Port Jefferson, 1884. 
S. go. The Popular Science Monthly. Vol. XX. 
T I and T 2. History of Connecticut, by B. Trumbull. Vols. I. 

and II. 1818. 
T. 3. The Tuthill Family Gathering at Southold. 1867. 
U. 5. News From America, by John Underbill. Lond. 1638. 
U. 6. History of the Virginia Company, by Edwd. D. Neill. 
U. 7. English Colonization of America, by Edwd. D. Neill. 
V. 43 to V. 68. Valentine's Manual of New York City for 1843 arid 

yearly to V. 68 for 1868. 
W. 1. W. 2, W. 3. Whitney Family, etc. Vol. I., Vol. II., Vol. 

III. 
VV. 8 and W. 9. Wynne's British Empire in America. Vol. I., 

Vol. II. 
W. 10 and II. Winthrop's History of New England, by Savage. 
W. 12. Sermons, with Hymns to each subject, by I. Watts. D.D. 

Vols I and II. 7th edition. Boston, 1746. Rebound at N. 

Y., 1786. 
W. 30. Williams' Annual Register of 1830. 
W. 31 to W. 45 and annually, 1831 to 1845. 

NOTES ANNEXED. 

X. I. Deputies from Southold to New Haven, and Taxes. 

X. 2. Inventories, Southold, etc. 

X. 3. Wills and Letters of Administration. 

X. 4. Letters of Administration before the Revolutionary War. 

X. 5. Letters of Administration after the War, 1787 to 1829. 

Y. I. History of Yale College, by Thomas Clap. 1766. 

Y. 6. Chronicles of the Pilgrims, by Alexander Young. 1830. 

Y. 7. Chronicles of the First Planters of Massachusetts by same. 
1840. 

Z. I. Signatures at Southold in 1662 (over 50). 

Z. 2. Assessment List for 1675 (persons taxed, 106). 

Z. 3. Assessment List for 1683. 

Z. 4. List of Inhabitants for 1686 — 331 males. 

Z. 5. Common Windmill for 1694 — 34 proprietors. 

Z. 6. List of Inhabitants, 1698 — 132 families. 

Z. 7. Militia Rolls, 1700. 

Z. 8. Muster Rolls, Suffolk Co. Regiment, 171 5. 

Z. 9. Muster Rolls of Soldiers in Service before the Revolution- 
nary War. 

Z. 10. Sample of Errors. 

Z. II. Second Sample. 



C. B. MOORE S ADDRESS. II5 



ADDRESS. 

Ladies and Gentlemen: 

There are many now " who look upon historical inquiry 
in its true light, as an incentive to progress," an aid to d. i.vi. 
patriotism, and a friend to Christianity. eas. ir. 

The examination of historical proofs excites the memory 
and strengthens the judgment. It detects and corrects 
errors. It sharpens points of importance and hardens 
some that are essential, crystallizing them. It makes 
them more secure and more enduring, in compressed and 
rounded axioms, or even in poetry ; so that the memory 
can hold and carry them. In this we can have religious 
aid from the book of books and from those who study it. 
" Our best rules for improvement come from knowledge g.4, 6.J. 
of the past." What we learn is soon scattered, or it sinks 
with each to the grave. Writers and even writings dis- 
appear : monuments are few, and only for the powerful. 
Great care is requisite to gather what is valuable and to 
preserve it that it may be generally known. This was 
long done in writing. It is now reached in print by the 
power-press. Our oldest records of history, other than 
the Bible, are found stamped in clay, burnt like bricks for 
endurance, and as in Egypt or Babylon, covered with 
stone, inclosed in towers, buried in sand, or otherwise 
protected from destruction. Language itself, as well as 
history, has often been lost to ignorant crowds, and some- 
times by a confusion of tongues ; but collected from mon- 
uments and from bricks and carefully studied out, has 
been wonderfully recovered and perpetuated. In our 
time the ancient Egyptian symbolism is again brought to 
some of the exactness of the mason's rules. 

In a century there are about three generations of men ; 
and none of us can tell how much of history these mav 



ii6 southold's celebration. 

require, and should learn for themselves or teach to their 
successors — besides having the best preachers they can 
get. In two hundred and fifty years, in every family, there 
are eight or ten men in succession to be taught — each for 
himself and each to teach others. How can we manage 
such repetitions of this double duty ? One answer is we 
can make it easier. That will be a gain of progress. To 
learn and to teach, we may make the labor or the pleasure 
of life. 

The gentlemen who have kindly invited us to be present 
G.4. 63. on this occasion, in our native or favored town, have in- 
dicated the last two hundred and fifty years as the period, 
and this as the place, whose history should especially be 
considered. In this we can heartily accord with them. 

From this standpoint, we are to see what progress has 
been made in the past, and what improvement may be 
secured for present use, or for the future. Here, each 
has a private and personal interest and duty to learn for 
his own use and to tell his relatives, neighbors, and 
friends. Here no one will prevent him. And here as 
well as elsewhere, if he honestly and honorably can, he 
may make knowledge add to his wealth, his happiness or 
his power. 

" Here shall the enthusiastic love 

Which freemen to_their country owe, 
Enkindled glorious, from above, 
In every patriot bosom glow ; 
Inspire the heart, the arm extend. 
The rights of freemen to defend." 

In speaking of that early period (Anno Domini 1640) 
we need not now say much about prior history ; nor about 
Charles the First, king of England, or his Short or Long 
Parliament, which met in that year ; nor of this American 
country, west of the Atlantic, and south of Long Island. 
But to have fair and defensible starting ground for our 
historical course, we may remind you that this Island had 
been explored especially, first, to trade with the native 
Indians ; and next to secure territory for the nation, and 



C. B. MOORE S ADDRESS. II7 

for sale or use; and last but not least to inform friends and 
to invite neighbors. Its character, climate and produc- 
tions had been ascertained and reported abroad. Since 
1602, explorations had been active. Great difficulties and 
disasters were experienced after 1607 in settling colonies ''^^'^■ 
of civilized white men on this Atlantic coast, both north 
and south of us. Many of these have been described. 
Some of the disasters could by caution have been avoided. 
Others arose, at the outset, upon the attempt to conceal m. 
the discovery by Columbus, and to apply the whole bene- 
fit of half the world to a small class ; and then these be- 
came national disagreements which we must leave to na- 
tional historians or national disputants, though apprehen- 
sive that they will set men to fight about them, simply 
striving for their own greatness. 

There were failures in Southern Virginia and in other a. 78, 190. 
places arising much from inexperience; from forcing unpre- ''-**• 
pared men, women and children away from England under ^oe. 
verv imperfect government and in violation of right ; from 
the difficulty of feeding and protecting crowds of poor peo- 
ple in uncultivated regions; and from the hostility of Indi- 
ans, if separated and scattered in lonely places in the wil- 
derness, or if they obtained the food or money used b}- 
the Indians, or dispossessed the latter from their places 
of gathering it. These may come under our view as affect- ^sq j^. y. ,3^ 
ing our own locality here. 

In 1609, Henry Hudson entered the River that bears 
his name. 

In 1618, Capt. John Smith, who had been in Virginia g. iu.«<;. 
and in New England and had written before, reported s. ;u. 
his voyages and travels and his romantic adventures and 
views. He could tickle the crowd, and have his books 
read. 

In 1620, Capt. John Mason, of Kings Lynn, who had m. es. 
passed some seven years in Newfoundland, published his ^ j ^^^. 
valuable and business-like tract about that resfion. He 
became powerful in England, but died about 1635. He a.ss, ig4. 
may be regarded as the leader from Kings Lynn, but was w. 10. 



ii8 southold's celebration. 

unjustly charged at Boston as the enemy of Massachusetts. 
In 1620 and 1621, the governments of England and Hol- 
land made very active attempts to organize and pro- 
tect new settlements, especially for trading companies. 
But traders were not what the country most wanted. 

Before 1622, the Virginia Company asked for ship- 
wrights. It cost much trouble to procure them. Capt. 
Thomas Barwick was sent out with twenty-five men and 
arrived, but they and their employers had first to house 
themselves. They scattered to build dwellings. 

In 1622 three hundred and forty-seven whites were mas- 
sacred by Indians ; a war succeeded, and many more 
were destroyed. All escaped who could, but only one- 
ninth, by estimate, remained. Fishing, the safest early 
reliance for food, was better at the North. Perhaps 
some of these mechanics came North. It is not easy to 
identify them ; probably Thomas Stevenson (soldier) and 
William Rogers (millwright) came that way. Daniel 
Gooken and Edward Blaney, from Ireland, went from 
Virginia to Massachusetts. Robert Hempstead settled at 
New London, and perhaps an early Thomas More went 
to Virginia, who lost his life before 1635. Edward 
Brewster, of Virginia, came from the same neighbor- 
hood in Suffolk County, England. John Budd and others 
may have been there. 

The Plymouth Colony (of Pilgrims) commencing at 
Cape Cod in 1620, after various experiences at Ley den, 
obtained in twenty years much valuable knowledge and 
some firmness of position and of government. It occupied 
a narrow strip of land on the frontier that was capable of 
being defended ; and aided by fishing, the settlement 
could be supported. It had few early shipwrights. It 
obtained additional grants and attempted extensions, 
north and south, for its surplus of active men, which em- 
braced the names of Winslow and Cushman, Brewster 
and Allerton ; and presently it had some of the Young 
family at Eastham. 

In 1624, Sir William Alexander published his well-writ- 



C. R. MOORE S ADDRESS. II9 

ten "Encouragement to Colonies," with the motto "Thou 
shall labor for peace and plentie." He was a Protestant; ^*-*- 
and living- among man}- with stiff opinions, avoided harsh- 
ness. He thought " the Spaniards should have possessed i«-- 
this land for the planting it with Christians," " and that, 
the Minister for spiritual and the smith for temporal re- -o«. 
spects, were the two most necessary members of a new 
settlement." The Scotch had the hardest struggle for 
Protestantism. He wrote that 

"Time doth new worlds display 347 

That Christ a church o'er all the earth may have.'' 4'7'7. 

Much ma)^ be read by diligent readers. p. 27 ; p. as, &c. 

The Massachusetts Colony (called Puritans), commenc- ^'•'• 
ing at Salem and Boston about 1625 to 1630, and spread- ^^8. 
ing, followed by those who peopled Connecticut and 
Rhode Island, was crowded with settlers from England, (iSD. i-io, ic. 
Scotland, Ireland and Wales, until these arrived and 
spread faster than they could be supported, sheltered or 
fed. Letters to England from sufferers raised apprehen- 
sions of losses by famine. The rush of emigrants from 
England needing support must (in view of friends) be 
checked and suffering prevented. Aid was sought from 
the English Government, but that was a very irregular 
machine. Thomas Youngs, then a captain in the Navy, u.7. 
connected with the writer Evelyn, living at Deptlord, -ilia'. 
near London, and by direction of the Government, under 
a commission and orders given after discussion, dated 
23d September, 1633, visited Virginia and Maryland in u.28, i5!>. 
1634, having in his company his nephew, Robert Evelyn, w.io. kuj. 
Having had some boats built, he wrote, offering to dc- m, aas. 
liver cattle, and sent north to Boston, tendering supplies 
and perhaps boats, while his nephew went back to Eng- 20-, 'j.57. 
land with letters for aid, and returned. He was not much 
thanked at Boston. It seems his offer or his talk was not w.io, leu. 
well received there. Supplies had been received at that 
port. He was authorized by the king to establish and 628,338. 
fortify factories where he found suitable places, and to fit 



cj. lu, ■:»>. 



V. 7, ,{1 



SOUTHOLD S CELEBRATION. 



out vessels, appoint officers and explore territories in 
America, but probably was not furnished with means. 
Provincial Governors were charged to assist him and 
English subjects not to impede him. He was a skillful 
man to examine, make efforts and report. In the absence 
of roads, boats were highly necessary. This was plainly 
true on a large scale and certainly true of islands like ours. 
His official reports have not been seen. He seems to 
have stopped the Dutch on the south and west by the 
Delaware. Did he not help us to our gathering of ship- 
wrights ; to our fortified factory of boats? He had no 
aid from Provincial Governors, unless from Berkeley, of 
Virginia; and if the latter aided, he was punished for it by 
those who were not so loyal. Evelyn tells us that Capt. 
Thomas Youngs lived to a great age, and was a sober man 
and an excellent seaman. 

Settlements attempted at the north on the coasts and 
islands of Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Maine and New 
Hampshire, although favored by the English Government, 
were nearly all put back or defeated. Ice impaired the 
use of boats so far north. Immigrants settling farther 
south, proclaimed " the weather at the north in Summer 
very hot, the Winters excessively cold, and the ground in 
general barren," etc. Each receiving a grant advertised 
and praised his own, but disparaged and condemned an- 
other's. Discord instead of union naturally prevailed. 
Some places were nearly barren, but such general con- 
demnations were unjust. 

Captain John Mason, in office and power in England, 
had a relative in Scotland and was known there. He had 
taught some of the wildest people of the northern isles to 
behave better. He favored settlers at the north in Maine 
and in New Hampshire, where he had a grant ; and he 
approved of immigrants who left England, perhaps ex- 
pecting to stay farther north. Some of them came later 
to our Southold, including Charles Glover, a shipwright ; 
probably also one of the Benjamins, with others of the 
early inhabitants of our town. 



C. B. MOORE S ADDRESS. 



Sir William Alexander, before named, was a Scotch- 
man and a favorite of the Stuarts, kings of Scotland, who 
were at that period kings also of England and of Ireland 
as separate countries not united, except by having the 
same king, nor even friendly to each other (having been 
much at war), and each then with a separate legislature of 
its own. He had an early grant from the English Coun- 
cil of Plymouth and a grant from Nova Scotia — New 
Scotland. He became Secretary of State for the King- 
dom of Scotland, was made a baron of that kingdom in 
1630 by King Charles I., and was created Viscount Canada 
and Earl of Stirling in 1633, but perhaps was still called a 
knight in England. He accorded generally with Capt. a.^^ 
Mason. He was authorized to create knights-baronets of ''**^- 
Nova Scotia ; and by the published roll he introduced 
many noted names, including Sir Robert Gordon, son of 
the Earl of Southerland, as premier ; Walter Norton of 
Chestone in Suffolk, England ; Capt Arthur Forbes of 
Longford, Ireland ; David Livingstone of Donypace ; 
John Livingstone of Kinnaird ; Sir William Murray of 
Clermont, or Clairemount ; and Sir Robert Montgomery, 
together with several Campbells, Stewarts, Grahams, etc., 
of Scotland. He was connected with prominent Scotch 
iamilies, by marriage, and by his sons' marriages and his 1.5, ass. 
daughters'. 

He received later grants from his sovereign, Charles a. vs. 
I., as King of Scotland, one dated 12th July, 1625, .^it. 
and another dated 22d April, 1635, called Novo damns — .^51. 
we grant anew. This last included our Long Island, and ^.,3. 
was o^iven because others had failed for lack of actual oc- 
cupation or entry on the land. But it seems he did not 
show this last much abroad, or to Englishmen ; and it has 
often been overlooked by our countrymen and by others- 
He doubtless wished to claim title under it, and may have 
desired to hold the island under Scotch rule, or as a part a. 78, 177. 
of Scotland ; but he found Englishmen were opposed to 
Scotland and the Scotch, as rulers, as much as they were 
to Dutchmen and the Dutch. I think there is no evidence 



K. 2, 



122 « SOUTHOLD S CELEBRATION. 

that he abused the grant. He could take title to land 
from the English king without objection and could not 
be treated as an alien. He no doubt could obtain a like 
grant from the English if he needed it and probably did so, 
receiving one from the English Company of Plymouth on 
22d April, 1636, by favor of or instead of his first son, then 
deceased, and by special request of the king. He favored 
islands and the early support of immigrants by fishing. 

97, iir. H^ gave a power dated 30th April, 1637, to James Far- 

rett, who was out here in 1638, just after the Pequot war, 
and who was expected to be favored by Governor Win- 
throp of Massachusetts. But the governor and his staff, 

w}!J- or members of his family supporting Cromwell, were 

found rather to oppose than to befriend him, treating him 
as a Royalist; and many claimed title by conquest from the 
Pequots. Farrett found persons in Massachusetts, and 
especially at Lynn, willing to deal with him for land on 

D.3,32. Long Island upon the assurance that the Earl or his suc- 

cessor would approve his sales and give the purchasers 
deeds. Farrington, Senior, perhaps did not leave Lynn, 
having two hundred acres of land and a mill there ; but 

Vfil'. his sons and others came to different parts of Long Island. 

John Thomas came to Southold, but did not remain here : 
The Senior and Junior were at Setauket, Long Island, in 

%ol&^''^*^' 1664; and one of these witnessed a deed herein 1678. 
Their deeds or leases from Farrett as attorney were ap- 

147. proved, as well as Matthew Sunderland's. Farrett's grant 

u.s.-it. for Southampton, Long Island, reported as dated 12th 

D.3,33. June, 1639, was reported approved by the Earl on 20th 

August, 1639; and several other grants also, of which for- 
mal copies were not printed for the public. If there is a 
mistake of a year in those dates (which I do not perceive) 
it is of no importance. By the time the confirmations ar- 
rived in either year, some purchasers were ready to take 
possession. The Earl, in writing, doubtless excused others 
from obtaining any approval of Governor Winthrop. 
Farrett executed a deed to Lyon Gardiner for Gardiner's 
Island, and another to Stephen Goodyear for Shelter 



C. B. MOORE S ADDRESS. 1 23 

Island, and a mortgage to several for all Long Island, in 
teresting some principal men on his side. Farrett en- 
countered the difficulties of the Earl in this wild and dis- 
tant place, and strenuously sought to master them. If I 
should paint some of them to you I should perhaps be doing 
as useful a service as any within my power. If you do not 
take them into view, you will have a very imperfect history. 
Farrett had to struggle hard against the Dutch on the 
west end of this island ; but that is not my present field to 
describe. Some time in 1641 he was informed of the Earl's 
death, which, as reported, occurred about February, i^^4i 
(N. S.), at London, where he or his eldest son William had 
a house while living, and where the widow and minor 
children of that son sometimes resided. The Earl's body 
was carried to Scotland and buried at night as the son's 
had been, perhaps not secretly, but according to custom, 
and probably without much public notice. A civil war 
was breaking out, and the country was in great commo- 
tion. The Earl died in embarrassed circumstances, an 
aged man and practically poor. He had had thirteen 
children. His eldest son William, who had been with 
Captain Kirk at the north in America, died before him, 
leaving, besides a widow of the Douglas family and 
daughters, a minor son who became the second Earl, but 
who died young — it is said within three months. The 
Earl's second and third sons died before him, young and 
without children. His fourth son Henry was called third 
earl, and lived a few years later, until 1644, leaving a son 
Henry, fourth earl, and other children. His fifth son 
John married Agnes Graham, and also left children. His 
sixth son Charles married Ann Drurie, and had a son 
Charles, who died. Jean, one of his daughters, married 
(first) Hugh Montgomery, a Viscount of Ireland, and 
(second) Major-General Robert Monroe. Mary, the sec- 
ond daughter, married Sir William Murray, of Clermont, 
one of the baronets. It would be strange if some of these 
did not resent ill-treatment, but it was hard enough for 
Farrett to proceed out here. 



124 SOUTHOLD S CELEBRATION. 

One of the greatest difficulties was to find what law, or 
whose, would prevail. Farrett doubtless favored the 
Scotch law, or understood it best. A difference existed 
between the English and the Scotch law affecting his 
power. By the sharp English common law, his power 
would be at once revoked by the Earl's death. But by 
the Scotch, or the equitable civil law, it might remain in 
force for a period, making contracts valid where the Earl's 
death was unknown, or where there was a debt thereby 
secured. The death of King Richard III. had dissolved 
his army, because all his officers had their powers in- 
stantly revoked, and there was no one authorized to take 
his place and appoint others. The wounding of William 
of Orange at the battle of the Boyne, reported fatal, almost 

1.5,37. disorganized the Government of England by the same 

rule. That difficulty was afterward met b}^ special sta- 
tutes. 

Farrett, in September, 1641, appeared before Governor 

w u 5 } Winthrop at Boston and formall}^ protested against E. and 

T. Tomlyns and H. Knowles as intruders, and against all 
others taking any possession of Long Island, not claiming 
from the Earl. He granted Martha's Vineyard to T. 
Mayhew, of Watertown. He then retired. It seems 
Captain Andrew Forester, another agent of the family 
arriving later, about 1647, and going bravely to New 

84.47. York, was seized and sent away by the Dutch Governor, 

and deprived of his papers. These were probably not well 
understood and perhaps misrepresented ; or, whatever 

A. 78,1 15, note, they wcrc, allowed no force under Dutch law — we must 
.12. i3,&c. dismiss them all; though much has been written about 
them. Here some of the descendants afterward joined 
the noted family of the Livingstons and others from Scot- 
land who came to America. 

A. 58,207. ^" 163 1, King Charles I. by proclamation forbade disor- 

628, 311 and derly trading with savages in New England, and espe- 
cially furnishing them with weapons and habihments of 
war. This, of course, the Dutch treated as not binding 
upon them. Many Englishmen also did not admit that 



C. B MOORE S ADDRESS. 1 25 

I he could make laws for them here by his mere proclama- 
tion. That method had been opposed and checked in 

! England under James I., but perhaps not so much in Scot- 
land. 

King Charles, hearing from Captain Young or his mes- 
senger Evelyn, professed to follow the doctrine of Selden, 
the English lawyer, as to Mare Clausum, or the closed sea, 
in opposition to Grotius, as to Mare Liberum, the free and 
open sea. His twist of the law was proclaimed in 1635 in 
an official letter sent to Sir William Boswell, the British 
Charge d'i\ffaires in Holland, saying he intendeth " not a 
rupture," but he will "force them to perform due homage 
to his admirals and ships." They must dip their flags to 
acknowledge his royal greatness ; if not, he would treat 
them as enemies. The despot, manufacturing law by his 
mere sic volo, sic jubco, was ready to force his own peo- 
ple to pay him ship money and tonnage and poundage 
without any act of Parliament, as well as to extort loans 
from any wealthy citizen under penalty of punishment, in 
order that he might compel the ships of other countries, 
by firing at them, to do him homage, though unjustly. 
The small and scattered fishing boats, of course, could 
not resist his armed vessels. 

In 1636 he sent his fleet against the Dutch and Scotch c.33.'24,&c. 
fishermen off the northern coast, requiring them to fore- 
bear fishing, and enforcing obedience by firing at them. 
He repeated this until 1639, making them pay a heavy 
license or tax for fishing, and all the time artfully manu- 
facturing law while setting a bad example of fraud and 1.5,694. 
violence. This affected his subjects, Scotch, Irish or Eng- 
Hsh, as well as the Dutch. It was the apprehension of 
this violence and plunder on our coast, which set it deci- 
dedly against the king and his chiefs. 

After the date of loth or 25th March, 1639, the new h.3o,ii,&c. 
year 1640 commenced. March was called the first month 
of the year, and April the second ; December was the 
tenth month, January the eleventh, and February the G.12,51. 
twelfth. The English statute for the year to begin on ist 



126 southold's celebration. 

January was not passed until 175 1. Other countries at 
different dates adopted that rule, but generally not earlier 
than 1 7 10. There were many discrepancies in dates im 

w. 10. 486. which, however, we need not be entangled. 

w. 10, 485. The Rev. John Davenport and Theophilus Eaton were* 

the public men and writers who took charge of Newi 
Haven at the outset, as notified in their letter to Governor 
Winthrop, on leaving Massachusetts to go to New Ha^ 
ven in 1638. At first they bore the brunt of Boston oppo- 
sition. 

H. 30. We have two volumes of the official records of New 

H. 31. Haven, well edited by Mr. C. J. Hoadley, State Librarian 

and Secretary of State for Connecticut, and lately published 
— so late as 1857 and 1858. Persons whose ancestors 
never belonged to that jurisdiction (like our Southampton 
friends) may not have read them, or if they have, may not 
recognize the unknown names. Only one volume seems 

13. to have reached our Philadelphia " Critical Dictionary of 

A, 58. EngHsh and American Authors " in 1859. Dr. Holmes of 

Cambridge, Massachusetts, compiled his first edition of 
" American Annals " in 1805, and his second in 1828 (gen- 
erally following Winthrop as others did), and of course 
never saw either of these more recent volumes of Mr. 

D. ito D. 21, 84a, Hoadley 's, nor any print of Mr. Brodhead's large impor- 
tation, nor of O'Callaghan's.publications. All these merely 
copied Mr. Winthrop's distant and one-sided stories on 
our topics for this State. Mr. John W. Barber, in his 
historical collections for Connecticut, gives a preface to 
his first edition, dated 1837, speaking only of his failing to 
obtain information, without indicating where he failed. 
But it is easily discovered, by reading, that he had very 

932. little of Mr. Hoadley *s information ; and in his second 

edition of 1846 there is a like hiatus. Both of these dates 

150. were before Mr. Hoadley 's, and so were Barber and 

Howe's for the State of New York ; and general readers, 
content with such authors, look no farther. So likewise 
of many others who may have seen the outsides of the 
later books, but have not found time to read in so many 



C. B. MOORE S ADDRESS. I27 

large volumes such a mass ; and who, even if they had, 
could not remember the details correctly, nor select and 
hastily put together the material parts affecting us. But I 
notice that our present Pastor has examined those of Mr. 
Hoadley, as also Rev. Dr. Corwin had done. 

Mr. Eaton became Governor ; and they early appointed 
a notary to preserve records, the earliest parts of which, 
however, were not bound together. 

Stephen Goodyear was an owner of vessels and a trader h.so. 
at New Haven, and was there in 1639. On 226. October, 
1640, he purchased 150 acres of T. Witherly, on the north 
side of Manhansett River opposite to Shelter Island, near 
modern Greenport, with the house built on it, which 
Witherly, a mariner, had purchased of Richard Jackson, a 
carpenter, and for which the carpenter had secured a 
deed from James Farrett, dated 15th August, 1640. Mr. 
Goodyear soon ranked as a magistrate, and in 1643 was 
Deputy Governor of New Haven. On i8th May, 1641, 
he purchased Shelter Island of Mr. Farrett, perhaps after 
the death of the old Earl. At a meeting of the New Haven 
Company on the 30th of 6th month (August), 1641, it was H.ao.sr. 
entered of record " Mr. Goodyear propounded his pur- 
chase of Mr. Farrett's Island to the town, but it was not 
accepted." It perhaps may be inferred that by this time 
news of the Earl's death had arrived. Farrett had not 
yet left Massachusetts, and it seems he had from the Earl 
a right to choose a large parcel as his own for his com- 
pensation, and Farrett claimed that he had chosen this. It 
might prevent his power from being revoked or disre- ^^^ 
garded, if he added, as he did, an assignment of his own 
right and interest. Capt. Underbill, Henry Ackerly, 
John Budd, Thomas Osborne and others, afterward of 
Southold, were at New Haven as early as 1639. Henry 
Ackerly built a cellar there and afterward sold it. On 3d 
April, 1640, Ackerly was publicly rebuked for this, which 
we cannot think was wrong, if he preferred to go some- 
where else, or went as a soldier. In 1666 he was at Green- 
wich, Conn. We find Robert Ackerly in 165 1 at South- 



128 southold's celebration. 

old (probably a son of Henry), having a home lot which 
154K, 1. adjoined our Pastor Young's and which also was soon 

R.12.5. sold. In 1660 he and several others from New Haven 

and Southold were at Setauket. 

We have condensed in brief terms what appears to us a 
fair result of much reading, and have assisted the reader 
by enabling him to find sufficient proof of what has been 
stated. If on any point he is incHned to think differently, 
that is an affair of his own. He is welcome to his free- 
dom, and should allow me mine. 

The mortgage of all Long Island which has been men- 
98,311. tioned, was executed by Farrett, dated 29th July, 1641, 

to George Fenwick of Saybrookport, the agent of the 
proprietors of Connecticut under their patent ; and to 
John Haynes, Samuel Wyllis and Edward Hopkins, the 
Governor, Clerk and principal merchant of Hartford ; and 
to Theophilus Eaton, Stephen Goodyear and Thomas 
Gregson, the Governor, Lieut.-Governor and principal 
merchant of New Haven. It recited Farrett's power 
of attorney or commission, and stated that in attending 
Lord Sterling's service three years and upward, without 
having received any support or maintenance from him, 
he had been forced to use his own credit to take up divers 
moneys and commodities to the value of i^iio, in order 
to relieve his necessities — which sum he had procured and 
received of the above-named persons. And he adds that 
the present instrument was given as he was about to re- 
turn to England to provide, as may be, for that part of 
Long Island not possessed, nor, as he conceived, claimed 
by the Dutch. The mortgage was redeemable in three 
years on paying the ;^ 1 10, together with such other charges 
or improvements as should be expended or made for or 
upon Long Island. 

At Hartford this mortgage (as we term it) was at hrst 
treated for public account. It was recorded there on 6th 
May, 1664 ; and the original instrument was left there. 
Subsequently on 8th October, 1668, after the capture of 
New York from the Dutch, the secretary was ordered to 



C. B. MOORE S ADDRESS. 129 

deliver it to Mr. Wyllis and Mr. Jones for the use of those 
concerned. 

This, in form and substance, was much Kke a bottomry 
bond, authorized and used by the civil law to help a 
disabled vessel. It does not mention the Earl's de- 
cease. But it is believed this was then known by 
these parties. As to the different law between Eng- 
land and Scotland, it has been urged, in my time at New 
York. 

In 1640, a few Hollanders occupied the site of our 
present City of New York and some convenient spots 
on the River of Hudson as far north as Albany. They 
professed to have forts at New York and Albany ; but 
they did not keep much force in the forts. Substantially 
these were shams as against regular soldiers, but enough 
to check Indians, and a place of resort and protection for 
the unarmed citizens upon an alarm. The Hollanders 
gave the name of New Netherlands to their territory ; 
claiming at that time all Long Island, and wishing to se- 
cure possession of it from the west end. But in this they 
were not very urgent or active. They had not felt the 
incumbrance of a superfluous population. They were 
few, scattered over wide districts, not crowded, nor had 92, voi. 2, 335. 
they many cultivators of the soil. Nearly all were traders 
and laborers. 

Some of the earliest descriptions of Long Island were 
written in 1649 and 1650, on Manhattan Island, now New 
York City, or in Holland, by Adrian Van Der Donk. 
LL.D., a learned and able man. These, with others, writ- 
ten either by his associates or opponents, were presented 
to the Government in New York and at the Hague in 
Holland, as a remonstrance.^ Of course they need good (d^d. 1. '^ro, 
translations and editorial notes ; and it may be fair to ob- 
serve here that this remonstrance was sanctioned by the 
names of our friends Thomas Hall* of Kips Bay, New ^5 0:2*143. 
York, and Isaac Allerton3 of Plymouth Colony, New oil. si. * 
Haven and New York, both Englishmen, and by others 
connected with Englishmen, Augustin Herman,** a Bohe- wg.9,5s. 



130 southold's celebration. 

inian agent of the merchants Gabri in Holland, and by 
some others called Huguenots (claiming to be hostile to 
France), temporary residents under the Dutch at or near 
New York, but friendly to the English. 

Hollanders claimed Long Island as a crown of their 
province " by reason of its great advantage of excellent 
bays and harbors as well as convenient and fertile lands." 
108, 34, -is. Dr. Van Der Donk really ranks as its earliest historian. 
His book was published in 1655. His ancestors were of 
Breda, and favored the English against the Spanish. He 
became a Protestant. He married a daughterof Rev. Fran- 
sin, cis Doughty, an English clergyman, of Newtown, Long 
u.7,33«. Island, and he had a Dutch grant of land at Yonkers on 
the Hudson. We must be brief and avoid entanglements. 
We may treat all the land here as unimproved in 1640. 
Its present condition shows its improvement. You know 
■ about that. The land of our town certainly, in 1640, had 
been but little cultivated. The best land was apparently 
covered with hard wood, " including several kinds of tim- 
ber suitable for the construction of houses and ships, 
(3)D. 1. aro. large or small," 3 plenty for firewood, and varieties adapt- 
ed to many purposes, walnuts and chestnuts, berries 
and small fruit in abundance and many vines, " but 
principally [as if they had been planted there] around 
and along the banks of the brooks, streams and rivers 
which did course and flo'w in abundance all through 
the land ; the grapes of many varieties, some white, some 
blue, etc." 
(4) D. 1, ayy. '♦The reporters to Holland, described the birds and fish, 
including among the birds, eagles, turkeys and ducks, and 
among the fish, salmon, black fish and shell fish, conch 
shells — from which the Indians made wampum, their 
money — and abundance of oysters and mussels. But we 
must not run loose and get astray. Although the spirit 
of exaggeration has characterized the promoters of colo- 
nization, there was not much of it in this, for our town. 
Our " Eagle Neck " and " Oyster Ponds " are English 
proofs, although eagles and oysters are now scarce. For 



•^85, &c. 



M. 68, 141. 
Y. 7. -464. 



C. E. MOORE S ADDRESS. 13I 

eagles we show only fish-hawks, and the modern scarcity of 
oysters appears to be a fault of our own. Furs, especially s. yo.'jo. 
of the beaver and the otter, proved the most remunera- 
tive to send back to Europe. The beaver frequented ess. 
these small streams, and were successfully caught in many a. ss.'isi. 
of them, particularly above Riverhead and at " Hup- 
pauge," the beaver place in Smithtown, opposite New 
Haven. Indians would catch and sell the beaver cheaply, 
as well as the fish and the birds and other animals. It was 
deemed judicious to use them and not to disturb the 
beaver until many were ready to be caught — perhaps in 
Winter. This plan and the difficulties arising from fallen 
wood, tangled vines, the absence of roads, of bridges, of 
horses and of wagons, long left both the Whites and the 
Indians without roads, and longer without them on the 
south side than on the north side of Long Island. The 
old northwestern boundary of the town is yet called 
Wading River, and Oyster Pond Neck had its wading 
creek. Rough woodland intercepted by ponds, swamps 
and streams without bridges, was the rule. Traveling to 
any distant place, or carrying freight, was only by water. 
Many boats and vessels were necessary. Indian trails, 
easily ambushed, were unsafe and insufficient. 

Van Der Donk and his friends reported at New York 
and in Holland that the English were the strongest, and 
that a fixed boundary line between them was essential. 

Tienhoven, the secretary and representative of the 
Dutch Governor of New York, disputing with Van Der 
Donk, wrote, in 1649-50, saying Long Island " is full thirty 
leagues long from the west " (say at Harlem) " to the 
northeastern point " — "about three miles to a league, mak- 
ing ninety miles." " It is the levelestand finest soil in New 
Netherland ; very well adapted for agriculture and the 
rearing of all sorts of cattle ; furnished with beautiful 
valleys, navigable harbors, rivers and bays ; a considerable 
inland sea, whose shores are inhabited by Indians, and in 
which are various other fair and fertile islands. The 
greatest part of the wampum for which the furs are traded. 



132 southold's celebration. 

is manufactured there by the natives. The English of the 
colony of New Haven settled two villages at the bight of 
the aforesaid inland sea, about three leagues from the east 
point of said island ; one called Southampton, containing 
about ten or twelve houses ; the other Southold, about 
thirty houses." 

This, written before 1650, is the earliest picture pre- 
served of our Southold. And this active Dutchman 
wrote (in deference to Van Der Donk's unanswerable 
argument) that he would urge an agreed boundary line, 
but without it, would "prevent the English from fur- 
ther progress on Long Island by taking possession of 
the east point, which, he said, was about three leagues 
[t. e., nine miles] from Southampton [then perhaps in- 
cluding Easthampton], and by securing its possession by 
D.i.36o-3«5. a redoubt and a small garrison." This was his hostile 
plan for Southold. It was tried for Saybrook and for 
Hartford, and defeated. It was either foreseen by or 
quickly reported to the English early settlers of Southold. 
They had some friends in Holland. Probably they then 
built the redoubt at Cutchogue or then strengthened it, 
(b)G.i3, 146. if before built.^ The known warriors against the Pequots 
were favored and secured to assist Southold, such as Un- 
derbill, Arthur Smyth and others. If any persons wish 
another Dutch account from New York they can read 
that of the Minister in 1644. We do not think it im- 
fi38, 517. portant. 

We have not at command a very reliable or full account 

of the Southold Indians. We cannot read or pronounce 

their names, which they claimed the right to change at 

pleasure. We infer that they were chiefly fishermen and 

gatherers of wampum, each set having a chief, and that 

the residents were not very strong or numerous, but could 

be strengthened by allies. The place of the five wigwams 

154K, ii'i. alone is mentioned in our records. These were oppo- 

958, 195. site Shelter Island, near Greenport. Only two or three 

154K. 56. old cellars are mentioned in early boundaries. At or near 

the mouths of some creeks, in snug harbors, can be traced 



C. B. MOORE S ADDRESS. I33 

the piles of shells and the scattered arrow-heads which 
show where the Indians frequented. The first sites ot 
temporary resting- places for white men were generally 
on isolated points of land surrounded by water like 
Plumb Island, Gardiner's Island, Crane Neck, Eaton's 
Neck, Hog Island (in Queens County), now called Cen- 
tre Island, and Lloyd's Neck. These were left by the 
first occupants, when peaceable possession was acquired 
and secured for villages at selected places farther in the 
interior where fair house lots fronting on roads were 
at command. Village lots were planned to be the small- 
est to enable houses when built to be jointly defended, 
being near each other and easily fenced, cleared, etc. 
These houses, almost as fast as built, as well as the old (a)i54K.958 

' (b) i»l, 902. 

forts, can be traced by the deeds and records at South- fcl'^-ig'.** 
old,** Southampton,*' Setauket,'= Huntington,'' and East m)H'.32. 

Hampton.^ if^al'^"' 

Small plots were planned for separate ownership in a Rilf; 
general field to be surrounded by a common fence and 
tilled for food. But where would records or writings be 
kept before there were houses ? Written scrawls are not 
the only marks that can be read. The cellars and ditches 
of houses and lots, long leave their traces. Several of 
them in this town, more than one hundred years old and 
now unused, yet retain their old forms and lines ; some 
appeared superficially in my boyhood, now traceable 
only by digging for discolored soil. Some, not apparent 
on the surface, were then pointed out to me by my father 
and others in the ploughed fields, especially in some 
large old lots opposite the white hill of Shelter Island. 
And some fields are now overgrown with wood where 
no dwelling has been seen within the memory of man ; 
yet they betray the cellars where houses stood long 
ago and the garden plots also by the wild roots of plants 
or weeds. 

The records of Southampton and of other towns, we 
think, aid to explain points common to all. They need 
not be repeated. They can be read. The names of places g, n, 6. 



134 southold's celebration. 

and reserves often betray their sponsors. Winter harbor 
and Sterling creek are enough for examples, and even the 
name of Southold. 

Union was necessary to guard against Indians or 
enemies ; united plans for defense and improvement were 
appropriate. 

The Corchauge tribe of Indians was doubtless a formi- 
dable one on the northeastern branch of Long Island, 
prior to 1637. By report it was allied with the Pequots, 
and sent its armed force to assist the Pequots in Connecti- 
cut before 1640. If so, the force was subdued and pun- 
ished in Connecticut by the gathered forces of Whites 
and Narragansetts. The actions with hostile Indians in 
Connecticut in 1645, we need not describe. Some war- 
riors fled west ; some continued hostile. The Indians 
(except Wyandank and his family), who remained on 
Long Island, were apparently very humble and obsequi- 
ous. The village or old town plot was doubtless first re- 
leased to our settlers — the date being the only disputa- 
ble point. An early sachem was called Paucump, and his 
son Ambusco. About 1646, they released land at Hasha- 
momack, east of Southold village, to William Salmon ; 
and they were living and released other land farther west, 
fourteen years later, in 1660. Another set, in 1648, released 
Mattituck. 

The Indians of Shelter Island were styled the Man- 
hansett tribe. The stream between that Island and Ster- 
ling (modern Greenport) was the Manhansett River. The 
chief in 1644 and in 1652 was called Youngco, Yokee ; 
Yoehoc, or Unchenchic. He and his tribe sold out and 
deUvered possession of that island in old English style, 
i54j^. and left it in 1652. By report he went west of Huntington 

^^^' to the neighborhood of Cow-bay, since called Manhasset, 

in Queens County, and was there watched by Mr. Thomas 
Benedict (appointed by the United Colonies), who in 
G.io, 14S. 1649, with Henry Whitney, millwright, and Edward 
Tredwell, purchased land of William Salmon. These 
moving west, sold that land to Thomas Ryder. Thomas 



350. 
W. 1,2 



C. B. MOORE S ADDRESS. ' 1 35 

Osman (or Osborne) early had land at Hashamomack, 
having married a daughter of William Furrier, one of the 
first settlers and magistrates. From one of these Thom- 
ases (when young) came the name Tom's Creek — without 
intending any personal disparagement. These pioneers 
all left creditable descendants. There was an early agree- 
ment made to buy out the Indians, whoever were claim- 
ants of the land east of that creek, for about £14. This 
sum was advanced by some one and paid (perhaps by Capt. 
Joseph Youngs and called in his inventory £1^, or 
perhaps by Mr. Hallock or Mr. Thomas), and was to be 
refunded and paid by persons who should take parts of 
the lands. The written agreement left in private hands or 
sent to New Haven, went to destruction or out of sight. 
It was enforced at a later date by town order. 3 Land (3)154^. 
east of Tom's Creek, was treated as not within the bounds '^^* 
of Southold " the westward side belonging to the town," 
until 24th February, 1662-3, when in Southold town 
meeting it was written : " Our neighbors of Hashamo- 
mack then present desired to be received as complete 
townsmen. They were thereupon received as townsmen 
by vote." This was before authorized at New Haven, h.si. 
where the rulers wanted their oaths, 

A confirmatorv deed by the new Sachem of Montauk isik, i5^<. 
was dated 15th January, 165 1. A further conhrmatory lyc. 
deed by Indians was so late as 1665. But enough about gj;]; 
Indian deeds. '^^** 

In 1640 and before that date, we cannot safely name 
all the resident white men. They were outside, beyond 
the reach or protection of ordinary laws or governments, 
and withont houses or records or recording clerks. It 
deserves commendation that few of their laws or actions 
were violent either in words or execution. Their rules to 
preserve peace and order were excellent. Occasionally 
they encountered a passion too strong for them ; but their 
history shows that they observed the Earl of Sterling's 
motto, and labored " for peace and plenty." 

Our Southold early settlers were composed of a large 



136 southold's celebration, 

proportion of shipwrights. It excited surprise to find the 
shipwrights so soon scattered in so many new settlements. 
Q 10: Early laws were made to force them to work cheap ; and 

*5*- to forbid wood being cut down and branches left on the 

ground, supposed a habit of shipwrights. But on investi- 
gation, it was found that the ship carpenters at first were 
acting as house carpenters in nearly all the new places ; 
and several would go together, usually companions, doubt- 
less for mutual protection or defence, each knowing 
persons upon whom they could rely. Thomas Moore 
leaving his wife and children with his mother at Salem, 
seems to have been at Hempstead, L. I., at Newtown, 
L. L, at Millford, Conn., and early at New York. And 
so of others. Many became seamen for these narrow seas. 
The seaman has to cultivate and exercise a stronger 
national feeling, a stronger regard for his public rulers, 
and a better habit of obeying orders, than most others. 
A soldier on the land comes next. 
G.u,6. In 1 641 or very early, one of the first orders made 

at Southampton, L. I., before it joined Connecticut, was 
901. 3'j. that no man (under severe penalties) should give or lend 

unto any Indian, guns, pistols, powder, shot, bullets, 
matches, swords or any other implements of war. 
No law against this abuse is found at New Haven, 
made so early. It may be that they believed the 
King's proclamation of 163 1, before mentioned, was all 
sufficient. This law practically prevailed at Southold. 
16. Their earliest records are gone. Those of Southampton, 

believed lost, have been happily recovered. Why were 
these eastern Long Island settlers so particular, or so 
anxious to prevent the Indians from having fire-arms ? 
This is very plain, so soon after the Pequot war, in which 
many Indians had been slain, many made slaves, others 
c.10,10. dispersed, and their houses burnt. The seat of the 

T.1,40. Pequots had been at Groton, and on the Rivers Thames 

'**"^' **'■ and Mystic, near New London, which place at first was 

1.8, — called Pequot. Most of the places had early Indian 

names. It was opposite the exposed northeastern point 



C. B. MOORE S ADDRESS. 137 

; 

Land islands of our town, Fisher's Island was nearest to 
it and the most exposed. Gull Island and Plumb Island 
were next west. Then our Orient. Sterling, now Green- 
port, was nearly opposite Saybrook. The Pequots were a.ss. 
numerous and warlike. They were believed to be Q^o'iy. 
" exceeding fierce, warlike and crafty." No violent and y.7,,3o«. 
hostile subjection of them was likely to be permanently 
peaceable. Many had escaped. Some had joined the 
Mohegans and Nianticks, also warlike. Such treatment 
as they received would make them revengeful. 

The Indian was taught from childhood to treat revenge 92, part 2. 
as a virtue, it being " after the manner of his race." The ^i*- 
Whites, both English and Dutch, became impressed with 84a, 241. 
this belief. Revenge was some times practised, but not psa.94. 
considered a virtue among Christians. It would certain- 
ly take much time to change the Pequots and to make Rom. a, v. 

18 GS 

them act like Christians on this subject ; and the Narra- ' ' 
gansetts were found to be no better. It was not safe for 
the Enghsh settlers so near to them, to trust either tribe 
in their midst with fire-arms. 

The white settlers who arrived in this neighborhood in 
or before 1640, and remained here, and their successors 
whom it is our duty to notice, adopted such approved 
methods as had been tried and found successful in New 
England or elsewhere, without much dispute among 
themselves, or apparent need of having or enforcing laws 
against each other. This is in their favor. It shows that 8!«. i- 
they were of the industrial class, as defined by Mr. Her- 
bert Spencer, and had some just notions of Christianity. 
They knew that violence and fraud produce no love, but 
often incite resentment and revenge. They knew that 
secret and sudden attacks by Indians would be dangerous 
to lonely settlers ; and desiring peace, they resolved first 
and fairly to pacify Indians, and to deal justly with them, 
and then to keep together and be on their guard, and 
to defend themselves, if attacked, while they " labored for 
peace and plenty." They took pains to have fire-arms 
for defence, to train their men as soldiers, and even to 



138 southot,d's celebration. 

^^■^^ carry their guns to church. And some of them, on selling 

land, took pains to prevent the purchasers from letting 

n.8i,3.»o. or selling it to any but such as were approved by the 
neighborhood as " honest, peaceable and quiet." An 

\v. 1, '.». ancient order for this was referred to, in one of the old 

deeds. 

We can trace imperfectly, but yet beyond all fair dis- 
pute, the early connection of our town with New Haven 
and the four New England colonies. The only mystery 
about it, is that our place, like most others, had at the 
commencement an Indian name. The name was written 
bv the people at New Haven and called " Yennycok " or 
" Yennicott." Very few early records or notices respect- 

iMj^, 113. ing the name now appear. It was written in the earliest 
deed for a house by a white man here in 1640 " Yenna- 

isiii, 158. cok." Doubtless this came from the name of the early 
Sachem of Manhasset. The earliest date in which it has 

H.3o,7o. been found preserved at New Haven, is the 6th of 2d 

month (April), 1642, when John Tuttle, of Yennycok 
(meaning Southold), was appointed to be " constable 
to order the affairs of that plantation till some further 
course be taken for the settling a magistracie there." 
" Constable " was the title that Cromwell, soon after this 
was modestly willing to take instead of King. It had 
a better appreciation then than in later periods. The 

ii.3(),s7. next year, on the 6th of 2d month (April), 1643, commis- 

sioners from New Haven were sent, with others, to Massa- 
chusetts to form a general combination of all the planta- 
tions in New England. Articles of confederation between 
four New England colonies (or plantations) were deemed 

u. M 101. prudent, amid threatening difficulties and disorders, and 
were agreed to, dated at New Haven, 19 May, 1643, and 
at Boston, 29th of 3d month (May), and 7th of 7th 
month (Sept.), 1643. They were necessarily temporary, 
so far as our town was concerned. No permanent 
authority had been given for them. They required an 
oath of fealty ; but after dispute, the chiefs dispensed with 
any oath of allegiance to the King "for the present"; 



C. B. MOORE S ADDRESS. 1 39 

while some of them strained to make the articles per- 
petual or permanent, without him, and against him. At ^'-**- 
New Haven, Yennycott was taxed £2 " to be forthwith 
raised and paid into the treasury, toward the charges 
about the combination." And Mr. Goodyear was desired 
to write to the inhabitants of " Yennycott," to show them 
the equity in rating all men impartially, etc. This request 
shows that it was not* intended to confine the name 
" Yennycott " to Mr. Goodyear's purchase. It doubtless 
had been used before that date. Its various spellings 
include Yougco and Yengcoe ; and in the old manu- 
scripts, it would be sometimes difficult to tell one of these 
from the other. 

On 23d October, 1643, it was recited at New Haven h.so. 
that " Stamford, Guilford and Yennicott" had " upon the 
same foundation and engagements entered into the com- 
bination." 

On 5th February, 1644, Thomas Stevenson "of Yen- i64, 47. 
nicott," was named at New Haven, with some particulars. 
He was an early resident of our Southold. He had sold 
a boat at (or from) Virginia, which had been taken to H.30,90. 
Boston and was not paid for. 

The earliest date found there for the name " Southold," 
was about seven years later, on 30th May, 1649. The h.3o,4«3. 
record of that date is now missing at New Haven, but 
partly copied in Thompson's History of Long Island. It 
is recited repeatedly afterwards, that the like powers 97, ss^s. 
given to constables as magistrates of that date, were 
given to constables appointed afterwards. This would 
lead to the original entry being repeatedly read and 
examined by different persons, and doubtless until (like our 
own old record books) it was worn out, carried off or lost. 
For the first ten years, 1640 to 1650, there are a few items 
of history from our place called Yenchoc or Yenycot, 
beyond the building of about thirty houses and their prob- 
able occupancy. We may quote Barber and Howe's 
Historical Collections : " The Indian name of this town ,5(, ^^j. 
is Yennecock." Gordon's well written Gazetteer of the 



14° SOUTHOLD S CELEBRATION. 

imk'iis' State, in 1836, gives the same name ; but he, like so many 
others, has his own way of spelling it — " Yeconnecock." 
The name is recognized in our oldest deed of a white 
man's dwelling house, dated 25th October, 1640, as 
" Yennacock." 

Undoubtedly they had what the Scotch earl called 
" the two most necessary members for a new settlement, 
a minister and a smith." We must trace individuals 
for legal proofs ; and these early settlers rapidly changed, 
moving in every direction, but generally West. In which 
year, each house was built, or who came first, we cannot 

'^^- tell. We have traced a large number of early residents 

and found where many came from — too many to weary 
you with. We cannot peruse their recorded histories 
without being deeply impressed with their industrious, 
patient and unconquerable steadiness, still marching west. 
Mr. Gladstone claims that the seeds of freedom were 
sown here by England. This it is not necessary to admit. 
But we do admit there were trained here two things 
combined, " the love of freedom and respect for law," 
favoring the maintenance of order, which (he says and 
we approve) are " elements of national excellence and 
national greatness." The period 1640 to 1650, was a 
very difficult one here, and a dangerous one in which to 
learn anything from England, about order or govern- 
ment. There the laws were broken, and disorder reigned. 
The controversies and struggles between King and Parlia- 
ment as ruling powers, resulting in a civil war, practically 
destroyed both. The King, first abusing his powers and 
his parliaments and then drawing his sword against his 
subjects, was defeated, imprisoned, and publicly beheaded. 
The Parliament, weakened by divisions, collisions, expul- 
sions and retirements, the fruits of disunion, first lost its 
upper house, and afterwards (while attempting to act 
without a quorum) had the remnant of its " other house " 
turned out of doors. The army attempted to rule by its 
officers. Charles II. tried to oppose them in Ireland and 
in Scotland and at Worcester in England, but he was de- 



I 



C. B. MOORE S ADDRESS. 141 

feated. Oliver Cromwell at length became Protector. 
You know the story. But do you remember ? This is 
the period, 1640 to 1650, during which, almost without 
records, here in the woods, where no known civilized man 
had lived before, we are expected to speak historically of 
Southold at its very birth before it had a Christian name ! 
A close examination of all we find, certainly develops 
some items worthy of note. And it may be worth re- 
membering that seamen and soldiers, and all who took 
oaths of allegiance, were expected to be more faithful 
than others to their sovereign ; and from many passengers 
to this region, oaths were required. According to Dr. w. la, aeo. 
Watts, they were expected to be pmi.v.s. 



r 



" True to the solemn oaths they take, 
Though to their hurt, they swear." 



Pastor John Youngs, as we all agree, was our first 
minister. He was born about 1598 or 1600 — or as before 
written in 1602, we cannot be exact. His family arrived 
at Salem in the " Mary Ann " of Yarmouth, and about 
14th August, 1637, he was received as an inhabitant and 
afterwards was granted land at Salem, if he would stay. But e.5, loy. 
he remained there only about one season — a hard one for 
food. He had married Joan Lewington, at the Church of 0.10,75. 
St. Margaret, Suffolk, in England, on 25th July, 1622, and 
his second son, Thomas, was baptized there on ist May, 
1625. Both followed him to Southold. This sufficiently 
identifies him. He may have preached there and at 
Hingham, in England, or at other places temporarily. 
They have not kept in England regular records of curates 
and lecturers or their services. Rectors and vicars had 
to buy their places, and happily have helped us to records 
required by English laws. Rev. Christopher Youngs was 
vicar of that church and held the Parish Rectory, called 
Reydon, near it, from 161 1 to 1626. The vicar's daughter 
Martha was baptized there on ist July, 161 3, apparently 
the youngest. She came to our Southold the wife of 
Thomas More and died here. The Rev. Christopher was 



G.3, 16a. 
163. 



142 SOUTHOLD S CELEBRATION. 

probably educated at Oxford and was graduated A. B. in 
1563-4 and M. A. in 1566, licensed 4th July, incepted 8th 
July, elected chaplain of Windsor 6th March, 1567-8, in 
the reign of Queen Elizabeth, while Matthew Parker of 
Norwich, near by, was Archbishop, who favored the mar- 
riage of priests. He had other children, including Mar- 
garet and Christopher, Jr., both older, and two were 
drowned. He doubtless can be further traced. The 
vicar had the appointment or approval of curate for the 
chapel at Southold, and is believed to have been over 

G.81. seventy at his decease. But he may have been a later 

character. Inscribed on a brass in the church, a memorial 

G. 81. was preserved of him in these words ; " Here lyeth interred 

the body of Mr. Christopher Yonges who departed this 
life the 14th day of June A°. Dni. 1626." 

"A good man full of faith was he, 
Here preacher of God's word, 
And many by his ministrie, 

Were added to the Lord. Acts II 24. 27 — " 

He was succeeded there as vicar by Rev. John Gold- 
smith in 1627. We have the notice that Rev. John 
164, IS. Youngs was forbidden to sail from Great Yarmouth, the 

port of entry and departure for that region. This was 
dated 1637, but may have occurred earlier. And we have 
the names of passengers admitted to have come to Salem 
in the "Mary Ann" with Mr. Paine (part owner of the 
vessel) and his family. These did not include Mr. Paine's 
son Peter, who arrived in Salem before them and came to 
Southold, as did also Thomas More and his wife Martha. 
It was an easy escape for the pastor to sail from some 
other port, or for them all to wait and have the prohibi- 
tion revoked. One man, the last one who came on board, 
who sailed in the " Mary Ann," was the only one described 
" of Southold Suffolk Co.," a mariner or mercer. He was 
named William Cochrane, as. twenty-eight. He had a 
wife Christen se. twenty-six, and two children. In 1638 
he was at Hingham, Mass., and was admitted a freeman 



H. 28, -^yi. 



c. B. moore's address. 143 

there. On 3d October, 1642, he sailed on his return to 
England, This appears by the manuscript diary of Rev. 
Peter Hobart of Hingham, the father of our second pastor. 
Many circumstances show that Rev. Peter Hobart was 
friendly to our first pastor. Mr. Cochrane perhaps came 
back. Henry Tuthill, one of our early settlers, coming 
from Norfolk County, England, went first to Hingham, im.so 
Mass., in 1637, with his wife Bridget. He had land 
there, which he sold in 1644, doubtless after coming 
here. His brother John came over to this country. He 
was probably the one named at Dover, N. H. (called t.s. 
Pascatawa) in 1638-9 with Captain Underbill, and may 
have been connected with William Touttle of New 
Haven, sometimes called his brother. This John Tut- 
TILL must rank as our earliest known civil officer, he being 
a magistrate in 1642. Others were recognized at New 
Haven as magistrates from 1653 to 1661. His brother 
Henry died, and his widow Bridget became the wife of 
William Wells, one of the magistrates. John, it seems, 
returned to England — as also several other persons of 
the same set. One was the Rev. Robert Peck, re- w. 10. 
ported from old Hingham, in England, who preached a 
while at Hingham, Mass., and returned in 1641. He 
may nave been connected with the Pecks who remained 
here, at New Haven or elsewhere, and with John Peck, 
who afterwards married a daughter of Thomas Moore, 
Jun., and who agreed with the Goldsmith family of 
Southold. A little reflection enables us to comprehend 
how the story arose about so much preaching at 
Hingham. 

Rev. John Phillips, born in England about 1572, mar- e.5, i«9. 
ried at Wrentham, Suffolk County, England, Elizabeth 
Ames, a sister of the Rev. William Ames, D.D., a noted ^^• 
Nonconformist and learned professor (at Franeker) and 
author in Latin. He (Mr. Phillips) in 1609 became rec- 
tor of Wrentham in England, about five miles from 
Sonthold. He was deprived and came to New England. 
He was a friend of our pastor, and had also a conditional 



332, note. 



144 southold's celebration. 

grant at Salem. In 1642 he returned and settled in his 
old rectory in England. 

Mr. Henry Whitfield was another Nonconformist clergy- 
man in England, who came to this country. He became 
the first minister at Guilford, in the New Haven jurisdic- 
tion, sixteen miles east of New Haven, on Long Island 
Sound. He remained several years in harmony with Rev. 
Mr. Davenport, and went back to England. These 
several returns to England are believed to have occurred 
without any charge made here against the returning 
clergymen ; though perhaps they favored an adhesion to 
some of the old Church-of-England forms and rules, as 
did the Browns sent back by Endicott, or Mr. Bright, 
who stayed here only a short time. 

Christopher Youngs, the son of the Rev. Christopher, 
came out to this country, settled at Wenham, in Massa- 
chusetts (named perhaps from Wrentham, in England), 
and died there in 1647, leaving a will and a son, Christo- 
pher Junior, who came to our town and became an active 
man, and who lived and died here. We obtained copies 
of the will and inventory of this Christopher, the son of 
the vicar, and published them. He mentioned his two 
sisters, the wife of Joseph Youngs, and the wife of Thomas 
Moore, and commended his children to their care, and 
that of Mr. John Phillips above named. He designated 
his deceased wife as the daughter of Richard Elvin of 
Great Yarmouth. A year or two later, the Court in 
Massachusetts gave some directions based upon the resig- 
nation or refusal of Mr. Phillips as guardian. There is 
no doubt of the identity of these families. It has been 
conjectured that our pastor John, if a son of Rev, Chris 
topher, was probably by a prior wife, and not by his 
latest, named Margaret. The families of wives of clergy- 
men were not published very fully at that period. 

Capt. Joseph Youngs who married the vicar's 
daughter Margaret, and died at our Southold in 1658 
(she surviving him, see his inventory), was an active man 
at Salem and at Southold, commanding small vessels, and 



H. 28. 
109. 



20. 



C. B. MOORE S ADDRESS. 1 45 

a witness at New Haven in 1654; master of the ship 
" Mary and Margaret," sailing from Southold for Barba 
does in 1656. He, of course, suffered amid so many 
difficulties. He had two sons baptized in England in his 
father-in-law's Church, Joseph on 23d January, 1633, and 
John on loth March, 1635, who both came over here, 
about ten years younger than the children of our pastor 
John. At Salem he had two houses which he sold 
after coming here. We would much like to read a better 
history of him. The vessel, upon which he brought pas- 
sengers across the ocean in 1635, was "The Love" (in 
Dutch, Licfte), and it has been strongly suspected that 
she was the one afterwards, in 1647, seized by Stuyvesant, f*J^- 
who bore no affection for the name of Capt. Young. By 
tradition at Southold, Capt. Young and his followers lent 
their marine compasses to measure off the lots and farms; 
and there is some record of this on the line between 
Salem and Lynn, he advising them to measure the course 
between two churches to guard against the variation of 
the compass, and they construing it afterwards the wrong 
way. 

I have described these more fully and particularly 
because for my own sake I have taken pains to learn 
them and get proofs. William Salmon has been supposed 
the earliest " Smith." I think there were also others. The J^l^- 
early Vails were " Smiths." 

Capt. John Underhill has an early and large mili- 
tary history already printed, but it requires careful criti- 98, 353. 
cism that shall separate, as far as practicable, established 
truths from wild and fanciful or hostile stories. We 
should treat him as a regular soldier. He was so treated 
by his friends Lyon Gardiner, Daniel Patrick, John 
Mason, Nathaniel Turner and others. He had served as 
a soldier and officer in Holland and at Cadiz for England, 
and was employed by the Massachusetts Company, which 
favored him and petted him until it felt secure from 
Indians. He and his wife Helena were members of the 
first Boston Church. Their names appeared on the early 



168. 



154. 



146 southold's celebration. 

church records. He visited England in 1634, and again 
in 1638, and returned. His account of Indian wars, writ- 
ten with some clerical aid, was published there. It is a 
rare and curious book, dated London, 1638, called " News 
from America," of warlike proceedings for " two years 
past, by John Underbill, commander in the wars there." 
It was probably the earliest account that many friends of 
the emigrants had to read. In 1639, Underbill was an 
early freeman of New Haven, and for a year or two in 
1634, he was a deputy there from Stamford, with Thurs- 
ton Raynor, afterwards of Southampton, L. I. His 
friend and companion, Capt. Nathaniel Turner, became a 
purchaser of " Rippowams " (a name which was changed 
for Stamford), and was the first military officer of New 
Haven. Underbill spoke of his small pay at Stamford 
and asked leave to take employ from the Dutch against 
Indians. It was neither granted nor forbidden. There 
was a Dutch journal officially sent to Holland from 
New York, which explains or confirms some transactions 
on Long Island embracing- the years 1641 to 1646. The 
patent for Newtown, L. I., called Mespath, can be read in 
Latin, and much of its history. Soon after Underbill's 
return from England, he, with a band of Englishmen, 
and probably some from Southold, assisted the Dutch 
against the warlike Indians,, having a nominal general 
placed over him by the Dutch, who did not much direct 
him. 

Underbill (as if a Dutchman) was called in Holland 
General Vanderhill. They were reported there very 
victorious. We can compare the Dutch and English 
accounts. It cannot be so easily credited that so many 
Indians as reported, were killed ; " although women and 
children were in the forts " (it was noted), " not one was 
heard to cry or scream." But the Indians were convinced 
of the superiority of fire-arms, and had not learnt how to 
use them in battle with effect, and were subdued and 
scattered. They escaped in the dark. Underbill was 
again a hero. Yet we do not adopt all the opinions 



C. B. MOORE S ADDRESS. 147 

expressed about him. Those of Drake in his history of i.s, os. 
Indians were better than some others, but uncertain. 

The family of Terry was an early one and furnished 
office-holders repeatedly. There were four original and 
early settlers on Long Island. John Terry, a witness to 
Salmon's deed in 1645, Thomas Terry, who signed the 0.10.73. 
agreement with Capt. Howe in 1640, and Richard Terry g. 12, 13a. 
fixed themselves at Southold ; and two of them at least isi'x- 
left families. Little public notice has been taken of 
Robert Terry, who came from England with them and 
became an early settler of Long Island, witnessed an 
Indian deed in 1640, was a patentee of Flushing, L. I., in 0.10,74. 
1666 and was living there in 1670. 

Turning to our Long Island History to learn some- 
thing more about Flushing, you will be met with the story 
that "the ancient records," of that town, ''are entirely 98,67. 
wanting in consequence of their destruction by fire," 
giving the date of the fire as in 1789 — perhaps too late. 
If you look further for proofs, you may find that in a 
Dutch patent for Flushing in 1645, before the truce-line, 
the first person mentioned was Thomas Farrington, 
probably son of Edmund of Lynn, and the one killed by 
Indians ; and there are others named Farrington, be- 
sides later and other familiar names from Lynn, includ- 
ing William Thorne of Lynn and John Townsend. But 0.19,153. 
these cannot now be pursued. Perhaps enough has been 
said to convince you that the west end of the island had 
difficulties like ours and probably greater ; and these 
should be taken into view. There were several places 
where the Dutch officers exerted themselves to crowd 
the English off, after the latter had commenced improve- 
ments, two of which are referred to in deeds at South- 
ampton. In one, the English had crossed the Sound 
" in row boats." In another they had arrived in Capt. 
Howe's vessel. It is a very loose criticism to assume 
that those were all, or that there was but one, and then 
to draw inferences from the different descriptions, as if 
Ihey contradicted each other. 



148 SOUTHOLD S CELEBRATION. 

84a, 93. jj^g evidence is stronof that the Dutch Governor, in 

93, &C. ^ • r 

1649, had entered into the business of importing fire- 
arms for distribution, which were getting into the hands 
of Indians. And the death of Governor Winthrop of 
Massachusetts, in April, 1649, reported here, and about 
the same time, the death of King Charles L, became facts 
of importance here. 

Lieut. Budd was the first authorized military officer 
to train the home guard at Southold. He was early at 
New Haven and at Southampton, and must have been 
well known by Capt. Underhill, whose opinion of his 

901, 33. military skill would naturally be taken at New Haven, 

where Mr. Budd does not appear to have been favored. 
Rather curiously in October, 1644, he was called in the 
Southampton records " John Budd of Yeanocock." He 
was active, and appeared afterwards on Long Island at 
Setauket and Huntington, and later in Westchester 
County. He went to England and returned to Southold 
about 1648. In 165 1 a note in his favor was recorded at 

H.30,95.- Boston; and he was again absent in England in 1654 
— it seems, to take care of property. Charles Glover, the 
old shipwright, was described as acting for him in his 
absence. He was back at Southold in 1655, and was 
sent as one of the delegates to New Haven in 1657. He 
resigned as Lieutenant in 1660, and Charles Glover then 

H.3i,36o. became officially chief officer — Lieutenant. Barnabas 

Winds, a deputy at New Haven, was ensign, and claimed J 
that the duty of watching at different places was severe. " 
He was allowed substitutes to relieve him. On the 
whole, after gathering traditions, it is believed Charles 
Glover, the shipwright, from the outset and all through 
this, was, after his arrival, the chief active commander. 
He and the other shipwrights had first to build houses. 

gg^- His house and shipyard were at the southeast corner of 

the town plot, fronting the landing place on the creek, 
adjoining in the rear my ancestors' front north on the 
main street, and having the gathered timber and the 
places for sawing and working it (all by hand, having no 



c. B. moore's address. 149 

saw mill) east of his house on lower ground and under 
his eye. He had to watch the workmen, who were 
required to be armed and to have their arms at hand, and 
he had the proper position to see any one approaching ^^*^' '"• 
from the south or east by water, with land high enough 
near him to oversee north and east as far as cleared, 
including the "general field." The pubHc record of 1^,155. 
the place can be read in 1673. New Haven early made 
and enforced rules for its own guarded village, and 
doubtless recommended equal care, but it seems left 
Yenycot, 60 miles distant and on the opposite side of the 
Sound, to make and enforce its own rules for protection 
and defence. The inhabitants in 1673 (to use their own 
words), " lying open to the incursion of those who threaten i&i. isi. 
us daily with the spoiling of our goods if we take any 
oath of fidelity," (that is to others), refused submission to 
either of the fighting parties unless they performed the 
articles first promised and established, " a firm and peace- 
able government," protecting them. 

The conveyance of Shelter Island by Mr. Goodyere, 
dated 9 June, 165 1, was about ten years after the con- 
veyance by Farrett in 1641 to him, during which ten 
years we must treat Mr. Goodyere, the Deputy Governor 
of New Haven, as chief. He of course favored the name 
of Yenycott, and the certificate given to the peaceable 
Sachem of Manhansett in 1644 ; and he, it seems, was 
interested in a voyage to Barbadoes in or before 1653, 
and had business transactions with Capt. Joseph Youngs, n.s, 303. 
who went on a voyage to Barbadoes in 1656, and who 
lived until 1658 — see his inventory. The Youngs family 
perhaps tolerated the name of " Yennicott," but never 
favored it. Of course the family favored the name of 
Southold, their old home in England. Mr. Goodyere's k.26. 
conveyance of Shelter Island dated 9 June, 165 1, was 
made to Capt. Thomas Middleton, Thomas Rouse, Con- 
stant Sylvester and (Capt.) Nathaniel Sylvester. The 
two latter were known to be prominent at Barbadoes, 
Constant being a member of the Governor's council and 



150 SOUTHOLD S CELEBRATION. 

remaining there, and Nathaniel coming to Shelter Island. 
T. Rouse came from the neighborhood of Southwold in 
England — the modern peerage family. In 1656 the lat- 

J^jg' ter released one quarter of Shelter Island to T. Mid- 

dleton for John Booth ; and about 1656 there was an 
agreement between John Booth and N. Sylvester recit- 
ing some particulars perhaps not accurately recorded at 
East Hampton. Indians transferred their claims of title 
to N. Sylvester and John Booth, who took pains to have 
formal possession. The Indians then removed West. 

The ownership by Mr. Goodyere of the 150 acres near 
Sterling, now Greenport, which was obtained from Fer- 
rett by Richard Jackson, carpenter, in August, 1640, was 

i54;4ii2. acknowledged in 1649 in the deed from Wm. Salmon, the 
smith, to Thomas Benedict. They were laid out, front- 
ing south along the Manhasset River, extending west to 
Pipe Stave Neck (or Pipes Neck) and east to modern 
Fannings' Point, near Greenport. Pipe staves were an 
early article of commerce. Thomas Revell of Barbadoes, 
doubtless connected with John Revell of the Massachu- 

Y.7. setts Company, dealt largely in them. 

On 2d June, 1653, Mr. Goodyere sold and conveyed 
the 150 acres to John Ketcham, who took and held the 
possession for some thirteen years, and who then removed 
to Setauket, and afterwards to Huntington, L. I. Mr. 
Ketcham was an active man -from Ipswich, Mass., in 1648, 

108,89. and he lived until 1697, and left a large and noted family 

In 1666 Mr. Ketcham at Setauket, conveyed the 150 acres 
to my ancestor T. More, and some of the acres have been 
held by members of the family ever since. Some that 
were parted with, have been repurchased.* Mr. Goodyere, 
it was claimed, had a bill of sale from Robert Carmand 
(probably Hammond) of another island, formerly called 
Roberts Island, but later Robbins Island, which was 
reported purchased of " lyonnancam, Sachem of Pam- 
manach." 

i{ 26. Mr. Goodyere died in 1658, leaving an entangled 

»7;N.3i, 199. estatc. A surviving daughter married another adven- 



C. B. MOORE S ADDRESS. 15I 

turous man, Capt. Thomas Lake, of Boston. His second 

wife and widow are described at New Haven and can be N.s.air. 

, 1 H. 31, 305. 

iracea. h. 31, 417. 

Mr. Benedict married one of the passengers of the 
" Mary Ann," who came with Mr. Paine, and was one of 
the witnesses to his will. Robert Turner (not Cannon) 
one of the witnesses to Farrett's papers, can be traced 
from Boston. 

Rev. Mr. Hooker and his followers proposing to 
remove from Massachusetts, encountered opposition at 
Boston, but got the vote of a majority of representatives 
in favor of their plan — Gov. Winthrop, Messrs. Dudley 
and others of the Magistrates opposing it. They then 
proceeded overland to Hartford, Windsor and Wethers- 
field, on the Connecticut River, and started the new col- 
ony of Connecticut up there, above the Pequots. The 
Southampton people joined their organization, by articles 207.55. 
dated 30th May, 1644, excepting those who before that 
date had fixed upon Brandford and moving there had 
. joined the earlier New Haven organization under Messrs. 
Davenport and Eaton. Perhaps their early historian 267,60. 
mistook the date for Southold, because he did not then 
know that Yennicott was its early name. 

The threatenings from Dutch and Indians, and from 
civil war in England, of course created sharp divisions 
here. It is not deemed wise nor necessary to stir 
up the slumbering embers of dissension. Only the 
occurrences need to be stated. The error practised in 
England, of suppressing anything favorable to an oppo- 
nent and exaggerating anything unfavorable, is not to 
be followed. It is a practice in war, followed perhaps in 
politics. 

We have some early pieces of evidence worthy of 
special notice. " Youghcoe the Sachem of Manhansutt" 
(meaning Shelter Island, or the river north of it, and 
sheltered by it) presented himself before the Commis- ^^^ ^^. 
sioners of the United Colonies at Hartford on 6th Sept., s^.s*}.-!. 
1644, and " desired that in regard he was a tributary 



152 southold's celebration. 

of the English, and had hitherto observed the articles 
of agreement, he might receive from them a certificate." 
Thereupon a formal certificate was given him, reciting 
that " Whereas Long Island with the smaller islands ad- 
jacent are granted by the Kings Majestic of Great 
Britain to the Lord Starling, and by him passed over to 
some of the English in these United Colonies ; and the 
Indians in the east part of Long Island are become 
tributaries to the English, and have engaged their lands 
to them ; and whereas Youghcoe, Wiantanse, Mough 
Martow and Weenahaminin do profess themselves 
friends both to the English and the Dutch, and promise 
to continue in a peaceable and inoffensive course," etc. 
" Therefore the said Sagamores and their companies may 
enjoy full peace," etc. This was set forth at length on 
the minutes of the United Colonies. It seems as fair 
testimony as we could hope to present. It embraces 
several important points, and will bear reading over 
and over. Youghcoe, Sachem of Manhansutt, of course, 
was the same as our Yenchoc, Yenycot, Yokee or 
Unchenchie. 

The second of these Sagamores was doubtless the same 
as "Weandance," called in 1642 an enemy of Miantomino, 
and aiding the destruction of the Pequots ; in 1657 called 
by Richard WoodhuU "the Mentauke Sachem;" in 1658 
called by Lion Gardiner Sachem of Pawmanack ; in 
1659 giving a deed to John Ogden as Sachem of 
Pamanack, on Long Island ; by some others spelt 
" Wyandance," and signed Wiandansh, and later " Wyan- 
dance, Sagamore of Long Island." Southampton and 
East Hampton, we believe, claim title from him in part. 
Except mistaken dates, the accounts reported by or 
respecting Lion Gardiner can now be relied on as cor- 
}.87, i7.:B rect. He tested Wyandank's faithfulness and reported 
him next brother to the old Sachem of Long Island, whom 
as his senior and superior he would not oppose. Wyan- 
dank said : " I will go to my brother, for he is the great 
Sachem of Long Island, and if we may have peace and 



c. B. moore's address. 153 

trade with you, we will give you tribute as we did the 
Pequits," etc. 

The other two Sagamores (with hard names), we think, 
afterwards went farther west on Long Island. The 
second one may be the same as the one styled " Mom- 
wetoun, Sachem of Carchake," in the copy of the agree- 
ment for Easthampton, presented us in the first book of 
records of Southampton ; but we have too little know- 
ledge of the skill or care of persons responsible for that 
copy to deem it authoritative. It does not quite agree ^^;'*- 
with others. Southold in its early charter in 1676, marked lei.aoi. 
the line of division with Southampton. It is not needed . 
that we should now follow the Indian names or the Indian 
wars or titles. 

An extra meeting of the Commissioners for the United 
Colonies, was held at Boston on 22d of July, 1649, at 
which " the mischievous trade of selling arms to the In- 
dians was considered, it being more than probable that 
the Dutch had been long acquainted with the secrets of 4a.: 
that trade." Govert Lockermans, a Dutch merchant of 
New York, who was favored by the government, and who 
became wealthy, was deemed deeply interested in it. Of 
his guilt several evidences, both of English and Indians g.st. 
of Long Island, were read. A late murder by Indians ''*''**' 
in Southampton was reported. The people alarmed had 
stood upon their defence, in armed array, for several 
days. All trading with Indians by Dutchmen or French- 
men within the four colonies, was prohibited. 

The period from 1650 to 1660, embraced that of OHver 
Cromwell as chief ruler, and was not less difficult for 
Southold. He was wiUing to have peace with the Dutch 
here, invited the English to go south, and proposed to 
carry the war south against Spain, as he did in 1655. In 
this war, it is probable he desired naval aid from the 
Dutch, or at least wished to avoid their opposition, since 
they were known to be strong at sea. He first had severe 
struggles in Ireland ; whence he soon went with addi 
tional force to Scotland, finding Charles II. and many 



154 SOUTHOLD S CELEBRATION. 

royalists against him. The battle of Dunbar occurred in 
Sept., 1650, disastrous to the Scotch. Cromwell, sus- 
tained by many Englishmen spent the Winter in Scotland, 
determined to subdue it. The occurrences abroad had 
great effect here. The treaty negotiated at Hartford by 
the Dutch Governor Stuyvesant for a fixed boundary 
line between English and Dutch, deserves particular 

172! notice. The agreement was dated 19th September, 1650, 

and the first article was that '' on Long Island a line 
drawn from the westernmost part of Oyster Bay [so. 

84a. i.^is.i for south], and in a direct and strait course [or line] to 

the sea, shall be the boundary between the Dutch and 
English [there] on Long Island, the easternmost part for 
[to belong to] the English, and the western part for the 
Dutch," etc. 

This being assented to, by persons locally in power, 
involved the idea of a truce or cessation of arms on that 
established line until notice to the contrary. That idea 

84a, 153. was expressed in the agreement. Two other articles 

were added, extending the line north on the other side of 
the sound, on the main, " to begin at the west side of 
Greenwich Bay about four miles from Stamford," etc. 

1). 1, ir,u. The, treaty signed at Hartford in three articles, was 

4^-f. sent to England and thence to Holland, to be approved 
or rejected by the acting sovereigns, and was tem- 
porarily postponed by both.. But it was at once acted 
upon here. Some Englishmen west of the established line 
moved east ; while many from our town moved west 

i.-.ni.er:. towards the new boundary line. William Johnson, who 
had married a daughter of the first Henry Tuthill, and 
Bridget his wife (afterwards wife of William Wells), got 
land on Hog Island, subsequently called Center Island, in 
front of Oyster Bay. Thomas Young, the second son of 

1M14 our pastor, got land on the Neck between Oyster Bay 

..jjt.^; and Coldspring Harbor, and, at a later day, resided there. 

Captain Underhill and many from Southold went to the 
modern towns of Brookhaven, Huntington and Oyster 
Bay, moving west. 



c. B. moore's address. 155 

England had its commerce very much interrupted 
and injured by the civil war. Many persons were 
slain, many wounded, many driven from home and im- 
poverished, and many offended and revengeful. Armies 
are not producers, but great consumers, and terribly 
destructive. The whole of Great Britain had been c 33, 113. 
harassed by contending factions, industry discouraged or 
broken up, and some manufactories ruined. Holland 
flourished by having much ot the commerce and some of 
the manufactories that England lost. And she seized 
such places as New York and Long Island, claimed by 
the English, which the disunited English could not at that 
period defend or protect, except by their local forces, but 
which they had never designed to give up. Van Der 
Donk could perceive the justice and policy and propriety 
of agreeing promptly to fair terms, while it seems that 
Tienhoven and Stuy vesant and some others of their supe- 
riors could not. 

The last severe battle of Cromwell, after Ireland and 
Scotland were mastered by him, was at Worcester on the 
3d September, 165 1. It was final. Charles II. escaped, 
and left the country ; and his armies not destroyed were 
dispersed. General Monk, supporting Cromwell, was 
left in Scotland in charge of a considerable force, with 
which he captured Dundee. Cromwell attempted to 
pacify England. The famous navigation act came from 
him and his supporters two months later, in. November, 
1 65 1, requiring all commerce with English colonies to 
be in English vessels. This was probably aimed especially 
at the Dutch. It was deemed fair to appoint a time for 
it to take effect and to give them notice. So on 11-21 
February, 165 1-2, about six months after the great battle 
of Worcester, the articles of the proposed treaty — 
adopting for a permanent division of Long Island, the 
boundary already in force as a truce-line — having been 
submitted to an English council of State, were not ap- 
proved, but all rejected, and the reason was given, " not 
knowing of any plantations of the Netherlands there, a.s8,'^94 



156 southold's celebration. 

save a small number upon Hudsons River." A certificate 
stating this, dated as above, was signed " P. Lisle, Presi- 
dent," and sent to Holland. The subscriber, doubtless, 
was Philip Sydney, Lord Lisle, afterwards third Earl of 
Leicester. His father, the second Earl, then living, was 
Lord Lieutenant of Ireland in 1641, when the insurrec- 
tion broke out there. This son, with the famous name, 
after that furious revolt, had been much in power as a 
military chief in Ireland, and was a friend and patron of 
General Monk, then serving Cromwell. In 1657, he stood, 
on a grand occasion, among the " dignitaries of the high- 
est quality, with drawn swords," supporting Cromwell. 
His brother Henry was a colonel. 

Before this rejection of the treaty, preparations for hos- 
tilities had been made in England, which were noticed by 
the merchants in Holland. " The parliament of England" 
(so wrote the merchants) " proposed to prohibit the trade 
to islands where they or their nation had any colonies, and 
particularly to the Virginias [meaning to include this 
country, by them called North Virginia], on pain of for- 
feiture of ship and goods, and of being treated as ene- 
mies." By formal notice, the Dutch merchants were 
allowed from the 3d October, 165 1, until the 20th 
March, 165 1-2, to retire {i. e. five winter months), "after 
which day, their ships found returning thence, or trad- 
ing anywhere else, at or near those places, were declared 
good prizes." The merchants, informed of this, led by 
Gabri, thereupon rallied, declaring this period so short 
it was impossible to obey it ; and they called the attention 
of their rulers to the English ships of war, then gather- 
ing under Blake as chief, preparing to enforce (what they 
called) the proclamation. This meant war. The Dutch, 
so construing it, and getting funds from the merchants, 
made haste to prepare for war; but on the water, 
where they had ruled for some years, they now mistook 
their strength against Cromwell's Ironsides. The Eng- 
lish navy had been carried by its high officers into the 
service or support of Cromwell, having been paid by 



c. B. moore's address. 157 

the parliament, and an officer on land became one in 
their navy. 

On the 14th May, 1652, "the first blood was drawn 
in this quarrel by Commodore Young's firing upon a 
Dutch man-of-war for the captain's refusing him the c. 33.68. 
honor of the flag — which, of course, he did by order ; 
but he took no prize. In July, 1652, war previously 
planned, was found progressing at sea, though not pro- ^ ^ ^^,^ 
claimed here, between England and Holland." Carlyle ' ^ssl 
speaks of it as declared on the 9th July, 1652: "Dutch tsf. 
war; cannonade and fierce sea fight in the narrow seas, c. 34, 191*.' 
and soldiers taught to fight on ship-board." 

The New York Governor (Stuyvesant) on 20th July, 
was instructed to take good care and keep a watch- 
ful eye " in the present rupture between this State and 
England, that no person be employed, either in the 
political government or militia in that country, except 
those whose fidelity and affection to this State can be 
fully rehed on" — of course, no Englishmen. The instruc- 
tions were captured by the English and delayed ; but a 
duplicate, with further orders, was sent in September, and 
arrived in December. 

The New York Governor, it seems, kept these orders 
secret, but obeyed them and acted sharply. He imprisoned 
or expelled Englishmen, made them hasten east of the 
agreed truce-line on Long Island, and treated their land 
west of it as captured and confiscated, granting some of 
it hastily to Baron Werkhoven and others. It does not 
appear that he spoke of any war as raging, or even of 
"the present rupture." The naval struggle abroad be- 
tween England and Holland, or naval war, if it be called 
such, in 1652, was indecisive, although there were many 
severe contests. 

There were no regular communications here at South- 
old or on Long Island ; yet some persons were probably as 
well informed as any in New Amsterdam, where the people 
were entertained by improved plans of local government. 

Evelyn, returning home from Paris, where he had long 



547 



158 southold's celebration. 

resided with his father-in-law, Sir Richard Brown, men- 
tions in his diary on 5th April, 1652, " Cromwell's act 

E.82,t4'ii. of oblivion to all that would submit" — not noticed 
by other writers. On 4th June, 1652, Evelyn, on going 
to meet his wife at Rye in England, found unexpect- 
edly an embargo " on occasion of the late conflict with 
the Holland fleet, the two nations being now in war." 
The civil war being at an end, temporarily, we must 
notice this Dutch war. The lives of several actors may 
be read, although not strictly authoritative. Their his- 
tory is not so dim as ours, which can be neither re- 
ceived nor kept nor published with full confidence ; but 
we are not to expect any two writers will agree. 
The war, once started on the narrow seas, between 
England and Holland, could not be confined to the 

c.33,72. coasts of either place, but as the English naval his- 

torian says, " spread itself into almost every sea, and 
every wind brought the news of fresh destruction and 
slaughter." 

The Dutch had many vessels under their flag all 
over the navigable world. Commodore Appleton, com- 
manding six English ships, had to strike his flag in the 
straits. The whole of Long Island was in controversy. 
No doubt the English people at the east were greatly 
agitated in their unsafe places. New Haven gives us 

H.31, 1. little or no light in 1650, 165 1 and 1652. Records were 

written but not well preserved. That " jurisdiction," as 
it was termed, formed and was forming a separate gather- 
ing of Englishmen for New England southwest of others, 
and nearer to the Dutch ; contemplating both an avoid- 
ance of the civil war and harmony with the Dutch, but 
intent upon securing as much territory as they could, 
either without or with the Dutch ; preferring the English 
title, and desiring to help the Scotch Earl and themselves 
to all that could be secured of Long Island ; yet, now in 
much peril, and not very strong nor very brave. The 
Dutch Governor, at first, after the accepted line, invited 
Englishmen west of it to take title and act under him ; 



c. 33. 

80. 



C. B. MOORE S ADDRESS. 159 

and some went. Our general view of the situation has gio. 
already been published. H.34. 

John Moore, of Southampton, we suppose, followed 
Captain Topping to Hempstead, L. I., and became town 
clerk. His well written letter, dated Hempstead, L. I., 
25th September, 165 1, against the sale of arms to Indians, 0.2, i5«. 
has been published repeatedly, and is worthy of repeated g n, 93. 
perusal. He and Richard Mills, from Southampton 
afterwards appeared at Newtown, L. I., and he must 
have known Van Der Donk. They did not succeed 
in stopping the sale of fire-arms to Indians by the 
Dutch, which sale to barbarians, after brutal conduct 
towards them, it is thought, was a fatal course of the 
Dutch ; while " some of Southold," to its credit, insisted 
upon stopping the use of fire-arms by Indians among 
them. They could rely upon the same principle in pro 
tection of their homesteads on land, as the nations did in 
protection of their shores from the guns of strangers. 

The most noted movement of this period was that of 
the Sachem of Manhasset, Yengcoe or Yennicott, with 
his followers from Shelter Island. They had engaged 
their land to the English, had promised to be peaceful to 
the Dutch and English, and had used the certificate be- 
fore mentioned as a public treaty of peace; and now 
having received their pay, they delivered actual posses- 
sion of their land, and marched off to the Dutch territory 
west of the fixed division line. The date is given as 23d 
March, 1652, and a formal paper certified that full pos- 
session of Shelter Island was given unto Captain 
Nathaniel Silvester and Ensign John Booth, after which 1541^, 15^. 
Yokee with all his Indians did freely and willingly de- 
part. This was witnessed in form by John Herbert of 
Southold, Captain Robert Seel}'- of New Haven and 
Huntington, L. I., Daniel Lane of New London, after- 
wards Seetauket, and by Giles Sylvester of the Shelter 
Island family. These purchasers, Sylvester and Booth, 
appear to have been more decided supporters of King 
Charles II., than most others residing here. That the 



i6o southold's celebration. 

title of the Scotch Earl would be recognized and en- 
forced by the King, they did not doubt. They had inter- 
ests in Barbadoes, which place had probably been very 
neutral under the government of Francis, fifth Baron 

C.26. Willoughby of Parham, for the king, until about Decem- 

ber, 165 1, three months after the battle of Worcester, 

c.33,66. when Governor Willoughby surrendered, upon easy 

terms, to Admiral Sir George Ascue, under Cromwell. 
The latter, by report, took fourteen sail of Dutch ships 
that were trading there, embracing several from New 
York not identified here. 

We have not much from the Sachem of Manhasset, 
but perhaps enough to explain his conduct. We can see 
that if he was at war with Montauk Indians, who used 

901, 159. fire-arms, and if he was prevented from using them, he 

must leave. About sixteen years after his removal from 
Shelter Island, Pocatone or Pawcatone, one of the 
oldest chiefs of the Montauk tribe, called Shinecocks, 
affirmed " that in his time there was a war between the 
Southold Indians and the Shinecock Indians, and that 
Yeanocock Indians were conquered and fled to several 
parts of the maine, and that after a certain time Yeano- 
cock Indians returned againe, and Shinecock Indians 
said that they had been, old friends,, and that they 
might set down and plant there again on the other side 
of Peaconnet, and so they did." There was probably 
some truth in this, but perhaps no severe war, and proba- 
bly they did not know where the Yeanococks went. The 
Montauk chiefs may have been, as they seem, a little too 
ready to domineer. This one must have been the same 

Ri2,3. as Wiacombone, son of Wyandance. Our town records 

do not clear them of this disposition to talk large and 
sell land as theirs, but students can read and judge for 
themselves. We think that Captain John Youngs was, 
and was treated as, the friend of the Yennicotts, and that 
the Dutch people encouraged the change, and the Indians 
expected Captain Youngs and Captain Underbill to defend 
them. 



c. B. moore's address. i6i 

Captain Underbill was at New York in April, 1653, at d. 1,558. 
Mr. Allerton's house, with George Woolsey and the lat- 629,^46. 
ter's wife, and with Henry Ackerly of Stamford and 
Hutchinson a ship carpenter living at Henry Brasier's, all 
Englishmen of New York City. They understood what 
was going on, having had a better opportunity than many 84a, 2*25. 
others. Soon after Captain Underbill obtaining informa- 
tion, and seeing that Governor Stuyvesant was waging 
war against the English, rallied bis followers on Long 
Island, and having hoisted the Parliament's colors, in a 
bold declaration dated 20tb May, 1653, abjured "the ini- 
quitous government " of Stuyvesant. It was a violation 
of right to prosecute the war against residents and 
neighbors while pretending peace. We need not repeat 
his proclamation, but may note that he claimed the Dutch 
Governor's tyranny " too grievous for any brave English- 
man and good Christian any longer to tolerate ;" adding, 
*' in addition to all this, the Dutch have proclaimed war 
against every Englishman !" 

Captain Youngs of Southold, son of our pastor, visit- G.15, ea. 
ing New York or Brooklyn shortly before this in a vessel 
in which John Herbert and Thomas Moore were proba- 
bly interested, was captured with the vessel by Dutch 
officers and imprisoned on board a Dutch ship in the 
harbor called the " King Solomon." His leathern bag or 
valise was seized and officially examined and his money 
taken out but perhaps restored. He had friends enough 
to send word to Southold. His lather wrote, and the 
owners of the vessel went themselves to New Haven for 
relief and redress, and were baffled. Tired of waiting for 
it, or hopeless of success, and finding friends at New 
York or on the West end of Long Island, he escaped, 
and his vessel also escaped. He was accused of no 
crime, and could not legally be held, if there was peace. 
Persons detaining him or his vessel might afterwards be 
obliged to pay damages. His friends Allerton and others 
were willing to be his bail ; so he returned to his captors 
on 13th April, soon after his escape, gave bail, and was g.is, ea. 



61. 



i62 southold's celebration,, 

released. The Dutch bark " Prince of Conde," was cap- 
tured — perhaps by Baxter, who also abandoned the ser- 
vice of the Dutch ; but it was afterwards obtained and 
in 1655, surrendered by Thomas Moore. The written 
a. 15. 57. s details as preserved, were gathered, showing the action of 
the first Thomas More of Southold and of the first John 
Herbert, and of the pastor John Youngs as well as of his 
son, together with particulars concerning the captain and 
the vessel and crew. Captain Underhill's first wife, a 
native of Holland, had lived west near the Dutch, while 
her husband was employed by the latter, but probably at 
this period moved to Southold. 

It may be noticed that Capt. Underbill promptly turned 
against the Dutch, when they turned against the English 
on Long Island, as they were advised to do by Secretary 
Tienhoven in Holland. Underbill was a professional 
soldier and one of courage and skill, like Dugald Dal- 
getty of Drumthwacket (Scott's Montrose), or like Bryan 
Newton of New York. He expected to be paid for mili- 
tary service. In travelling so much, he necessarily became 
acquainted with the public men, the masters of vessels, 
the merchants, or such as the Youngs, Glovers and 
Moores of Southold, and the first and second John 
Budds, John Herberts, John Thomases and John Conk- 
lins, as well as with Allerton, Woolsey, Newton and 
Hutchinson at New York. Underbill had a desirable lot 
and a house built on it in our village before 1658 — the 
exact date unknown. He wrote a letter from Southold 
to Mr. Winthrop on 12th April, 1656. Three years ear- 
lier, in 1653, he made a deposition before our magistrate, 
Mr. Wells ; and probably he was residing here before that. 
Our town record alone reported the death of his first wife 
in 1658. Born in Holland, she naturally preferred to live 
near her native friends ; but her husband taking sides 
against them, she followed him and made no complaints 
against him. He praised her for persuading him to wear 
his old iron helmet against the Indians, and thus practi- 
cally preserving his life. I need not say so much, yet 



c. B. moore's address. 163 

" history is but aggregate biography," and I may caution 
readers, not merely against historical exaggerations by an 
excited writer, but against bad habits brought from Eng- 
lish villages of spreading disparaging stories against com- 
petitors or opponents behind their backs, calling them 
Quakers and Baptists, or anything deemed disreputable 
or injurious to their moral or religious characters, illegally 
disarming them or banishing them and then abusing 
them and allowing no hearing in their defence before in- 
dependent and impartial men. Underbill was not the only 
sufferer by this. The next year, after his wife's decease, 
on the ist April, 1659, he conveyed his house and land at 
Southold to Thomas More of Southold ; and the Senior 
T. More afterwards, in 1662, conveyed the property to his 
son Thomas, Junior. Neither from them, nor their 154^. isa. 
descendants — of whom I am one — have I ever heard a g.is, sr. 
word in disparagement of Underbill. This, I think it a 93,353. 
duty to say. He married again, and his second wife was ^^^' 
a connection of the Winthrop family. He left child- G.11,30.' 
ren by each wife ; and his descendants are numerous. I g. 14,7a. 
have seen quite a number of them. One of his daugh- 
ters having been slandered, he was able to procure 
redress and a public apology. A large pedigree, with 
some history for Westchester County, not entirely accu* B.n.' 
rate, has been published. Whittier writes : 

" He coveted not his neighbor's land, 

From the holding of bribes he shook his hand, 
And through the camps of the heathen ran 

A wholesome fear of the valiant man. 
Frailest and bravest, the Bay State still 

Counts with her worthies, John Underbill. " 

So indeed she may ; but would it not be better to dis- 
credit the supposed frailty, which though denied was 
nevertheless punished — the debt due him being withheld, 
but at once paid when the charge was pretended to have 
been admitted? It certainly formed no defence to his 
claim, and was irrelevant, if true. He could afford to 
defy it as a slander. Who were Underhill's soldiers? 



164 southold's celebration, 

Thomas Stevenson was one ; and he can be traced. He 
had been in Virginia, and he came to Southold. In 1644 
he was at Stamford, and in 1655, at Newtown, L. I. He 
left his property in charge of Thomas Moore, of Southold, 
and obtained some of Van Der Donk's land at Newtown. 

The remonstrance made by Dutch subjects and urged 
by English neighbors against the Dutch rulers, before 
taking arms, claimed that the Governor (Stuyvesant) had 
employed the Indians (including Ninigret), or had excited 
them, and supplied them with fire-arms which could be 
used against white men. These being prohibited at 
the east end of Long Island, when seen in the hands of 
Indians, were taken from them (though probably not from 
the peaceful Indians) by "some of Southold" not 
named. The Governor denied that he had furnished them. 
The English offered to prove that the Dutch had supplied 
them with arms, but required an agreement that the wit- 
nesses should not be disturbed for giving their testimony. 
This was declined. Such courses were pursued as prac- 
tically expelled the English from among them. 

Newtown, L. I., had begun to be settled by Englishmen 
and to be cultivated in 1642, and had made some pro- 
gress up to 1652, but was nearly abandoned in 1653. The 
general course of the Enghsh was to retire from the city 
and from the Dutch region west of the truce-line, and 
to build forts in selected place? east of that line. The 
Dutch Governor of New Amsterdam (New York City) 
had his favored place walled in near modern Wall Street. 
His subjects were all compelled to work in building the 
wall and were drawn (or driven by Indians) inside the 
walls, or under cover. But without Bryan Newton or 
John Underbill, or their countrymen, whom, as English- 
men, he, by his orders, could not use, he did not ven- 
ture out with his disabled leg, nor send out to lead the 
Dutch against the Indians. According to report, he 
entered the boarding-house of Van Der Donk, in the 
city, just outside of the wall, and carried off his journal 
and papers. Forts were built by the English at Hunt- 



c. B. moore's address. 165 

ington, L. I., at Setauket, on Crane Neck, and at other 
places — probably also at Cutchogue, west of Southold 
village ; or, if one already existed there, held by friendly 
Indians, it was now occupied and strengthened by the 
Whites. This is a fair question for antiquarians to exam- 
ine and discuss. 

On the 24th of May, 1653, Rhode Island issued its sia.as'i. 
certificate of the employment of Captains Underbill and 
Dyre against the Dutch. 

On 25th May, 1653, when the Dutch war abroad was 
near its crisis, a court for the jurisdiction of New Haven 
was held immediately after the annual election. Mr. 
Goodyere, Deputy Governor, was in the chair. He 
had sold his interest in Shelter Island and Greenport. 
Three magistrates and ten deputies were reported pres- 
ent, but none from Southold. It was ordered that twelve 
horses be kept in the five towns on the " maine," four at 
New Haven and two each at Milford, Guilford, Stam- 
ford and Brandford, with sufficient furniture for travel, 
to be always in readiness as the public occasions of the 
country might require. And the court, considering 
how useful horses may be for service in war, ordered 
that no horses be sold or sent out of that juris- 
diction without license ; and, " seeing by experience that 
in these troublesome times, sundrie occasions come sud_ 
denly in, which require the attendance of some which may 
act in them as they shall conceive best for the public 
good and safety, the court did appoint six members as 
a committee, to whom they give as full power to act in 
any sudden business, as if all were present and acted in 
it." This shows some alarm, but little preparation except 
to send for help, though not much that would be ol 
service to Southold. 

On 29 June, 1653, a " General Court " (whose minutes H.31,2. 
are preserved) for the jurisdiction, was held at New 
Haven, composed of seventeen persons, viz., the Gover- 
nor (Eaton) ; the Deputy Governor (Goodyere) ; one 
Magistrate each for New Haven, Milford and Guilford; 



i66 southold's celebration. 

and two deputies each for six towns, New Haven, Mil- 
ford, Guilford, Stamford, Southold and Branford. 

The Governor had been to the Connecticut Colony (at 
Hartford), and was there informed by some Indians, as 
he said, that " some of Southold had taken away their 
guns." On inquiry this was found to be so. One of 
the deputies from Southold (Mr. Wells) attempted to 
defend the course pursued — we are not sure that he knew 
the facts or made the best defence. The court ordered 
the guns to be restored to the Indians, " that no public 
quarrel might be begun with the Indians by them, upon 
any such account." This was a timid refusal to support 
the people of Southold upon a vital point, when war, in 
fact, was raging with the Dutch, and practically it was an 
abandonment of them to the Indians. Of course it did not 
please the exposed people of Southold, The lawgivers 
at New Haven apparently had not heard of the declara- 
tion or recognition of war with the Dutch, if made in 
1652. By our notes it was not made known at New 
Haven until 1653. Soon after this Court, they had 
orders from England to treat the Dutch as enemies, but 
professed that they were bound by the combination, and 
could not do so without Massachusetts, etc. But Southold 
probably knew more about it than they did. 

The grand naval contests between English and Dutch 
occurred abroad, on the 3d and 4th of June, 1653, and in 
July, 1653, until the 31st. The Dutch Admiral, Van 
Tromp, and thousands of his men were killed. About 
twenty-six Dutch ships were lost and others scattered. 
This was a terrible defeat for the Dutch, who had only 
formally declared or recognized war on 8th July, 1653, 
hoping then to triumph, and who had fought bravely. 
What would have been the result of success on their part, 
who can estimate ? We need not guess. 

Official news did not arrive soon. The new remon- 
strance to Gov. Stuyvesant in Dec, 1653, may be studied. 
It was long before the people of Southold could learn the 
particlars — perhaps not until my day. His country- 



c. B. moore's address. 167 

men in Holland or in New York could stand a war with 
the Eng-lish no longrer. We need not be nice about 
details. 

On 9th March, 1652, the English on the west end of 
Long Island, following the proclamation of Underhill, < 

and proving themselves the strongest, publicly claimed 
and assumed the laws of their nation and its de facto gov- 
ernment, and entirely repudiated the Dutch ; while nego- 
tiations for peace were meanwhile pursued in London. 
Peace was sought by the Hollanders at London, and was 
agreed to by Cromwell as Protector, and by his associates 
and supporters, on 4th April, 1654, and proclaimed at c.33,91. 
London on 9th April, and at New York or on Long Island sT.ssy. 
in May or June, 1654, Gov. Stuyvesant, on 5th July, 
sent to New Haven to learn if it was recognized there, h. 31, 110,5 
After the peace was known, no more forts were erected, 
nor battles fought between English and Dutch for some 
years. They both found hostile Indians their worst 
enemies, and maintained a fair good-feeling toward each g.|7, 105. 
other. But the Indians had been badly taught, and had loe.: 
not become good Christians. They could not be safely 
trusted ; and some of them continued the war. The truce 
line was at an end by the war, and by the English rejeq,- 
tion of the local treaty of 1650 and by the Treaty of 
Peace. Some Englishmen returned west of the dividing 
line, particularly to Newtown. The grants by the Gov. 
ernor to Van Werkhoven and others since the war, 
were repudiated. His attempts to exchange approvals of 
the boundary line division (several years too late) had no 
effect. 

Gov. Stuyvesant was absent from December, 1654, to 
July, 1655, in the West Indies, but gained no glory there. 
He sailed again, in September, 1655, in seven vessels, 
with 600 or 700 men from New York, against the Swedes 
on the Delaware, and was absent a month with nearly all 
his Dutch force. While he was absent a large number 
of Indians beset New Amsterdam, Hoboken and Staten 
Island, set houses on fire, and killed or captured many 



i68 southold's celebration. 

Dutchmen, frightening them all, but generally sparing 
Englishmen.. 

The Indians, without such knowledge as they could 
trust either of the Dutch and English war or of the peace, 
and excited by hostilities against other Indians opposed 
to them, and by the use of fire-arms among themselves, 
naturally pursued their previous courses. Ninigret, a 
leading hostile chief from Connecticut, east of the river, 
insisted upon pursuing war professedly against Indians. 
But would it stop there? No one can believe it would ! 

Not long after leaving Southold, our old Sachem of 
Manhassett lost his life. We are not sure of the date 
or particulars, but apprehend he was assassinated. His 
name disappears ; and this serves to introduce to you the 
next English historian of Long Island, Daniel Denton, 
an early settler and magistrate of Jamaica, L. I. He 
was the eldest son of the Rev. Richard Denton, a native 
of Yorkshire, England, who preached at Stamford, and 
was called the first English minister of Hempstead, L. I., 
and who returned to England about 1659. 

In March, 1665, Daniel, the author, with our Thomas 
Benedict, represented Jamaica in the Assembly at Hemp- 
stead ; and his " Brief Description " was printed at Lon- 
don in 1670, containing these words: "An Indian being 
dead, his name dies with him, no person daring ever 
after to mention his name, it being not only a breach 
of their law, but an abuse to his friends and relations 
present, as if it were done on purpose to renew their 
grief." 

This accounts for the name ol Yenycot being dropped, 
and excuses our Southampton friends. A History of the 
Town of Flatbush, in Kings County, L. I., by the Rev. Tho- 
mas M. Strong, D. D., Pastor of the Reformed Dutch 
Church of Flatbush, was printed at New York in 1842, by 
_ T. R. Mercein, Jr. The great difficulty, as stated by the 
author, was, that the early history of the town was in manu- 
scripts, written in the Dutch language, and many of them 
in a very small and cramped character ; and these but few 



c. B. moore's address. 169 

could decipher and translate. The author said he had the 
assistance of gentlemen of Flatbush, and was furnished 
with the draught of the map which he annexed. The work 
was published while Mr. Brodhead was in Holland to 
collect the Documentary History for the State, and was 
generally well received. A full perusal of the local his- 3*0 p. 1533. 
tory of Mr. Denton and others including Mr. Brodhead, 
strongly shows how little, persons in and around New 
York knew about Southold, and compels us to explain 
our own surroundings. 

On 19th or 2oth September, 1655, Captain Taping 629,341. 
(Topping), of Southampton, and John Youngs, mariner, 
of Southold, appeared before the Commissioners of the 
United Colonies, both in behalf of the Indians and of the 
English upon the east end of Long Island, and presented 
special letters from Mr. Thomas James, Minister of East 
Hampton, and Capt. Underbill, with four letters formerly 
written by Mr. Haines, and a letter of Major Mason to 
Lieut. Gardiner, and their own desires " that the Com- 
missioners would take into consideration their sad and 
distracted condition by Ninigret's hostile and murder- 
ous attempts against the Indians, by which the English 
are in danger," etc., etc. This danger to the English, it 
seems, was what the managers of the New Haven juris- 
diction had been unable to cope with against Stuyvesant. 
Some of them were too well protected to feel the peril or 
to make provision for defence. 

On 20th Sept., 1655, Capt. John Youngs received from ^^ 
the United Commissioners a full commission for himself ^43. 
and vessel. He was employed and authorized to prevent 
the hostile Indians under Ninigret from going against 
the peaceable Indians on Long Island, and from pursuing 
a war against our well disposed friends. In May, 1656 
(eight months later), after Cromwell had captured 
Jamaica, in the West Indies, the New Haven court ac- H.31, i«9. 
quiesced ; and declared its willingness that Capt. Youngs 
should act and continue in this ; and even proposed that 
four men should be sent with him from the New Haven 



lyo southold's celebration. 

colony. But perhaps Capt. Youngs had not full confi- 
dence in them. Though we have few reports, it is under- 
stood that he did prevent massacres of the Indians as well 
as of the Whites. 

In May, 1657, Lieut. Budd was the sole deputy from 
Southold at New Haven. A law was passed by which a 
marshal was to be chosen for each town ; and another by 
which " no quaker, ranter or other heretic " was to be suf- 
fered to come into or abide in the jurisdiction. This was 
opposed by Lieut. Budd. The fury against Quakers came 
from Massachusetts and probably from Cromwell's sol- 
diers. Read Noble's Cromwell and notice that the Pro- 
tector's family grew rich from the spoils of the abbeys 
and monasteries and that the Quakers originated from 
the farmers of the monasteries who had conscientious 
scruples against fighting and swearing. 

In March and April, 1656, Dutch grants were given 
for Rustdorp (Jamaica, L. I.), and Middleburg (New- 
town, L. I.), favoring Englishmen and favored by them, 
which showed the results of our peaceable Indians. 
H.3]. In 1658 the people of Southold offered to repurchase 

Mattatuck and Akkabawke ; and it was ordered by vote at 
New Haven that they paying £y in good pay, the land is 
theirs ; which was accepted by the deputies, and after- 
wards the money paid. Proceedings are recorded of the 
court of magistrates against Humphrey Norton as a 
Quaker, who had disturbed the church service of Pastor 
Youngs ; and further severe orders were made against 
Quakers and against those who protected them. They 
did not know how near such notions were to their end. 

On 3d September, 1658, Oliver Cromwell died at 
London, and his eldest son Richard was proclaimed his 
successor. Some attempts at rule were made by the 
latter and his friends ; but he was not very genenally sup- 
ported, not even by the old army chiefs. The Protec- 
tor, no longer feared, was buried with more than regal 
pomp. His son called a parliament — telling who were to 
vote, etc. — and the plan was to preserve the peace. But 



ai7 



A. 58. 
311. 



C. B. MOORE S ADDRESS. 171 

the men elected (by no certain law) did not agree, and he 
was not strong enough to persist. The Parliament, was 
dissolved on 22d April, 1659. It was quietly resolved, 
after some disorder to suffer the old forms of government 
to be restored, and let the old expelled House of Com- 
mons resume its place, and vacancies be filled in order to 
have some of its own bad orders rescinded, and a regu- 
lar new House elected, by which all should be bound. In 
May, 1659, the old Rump Parliament, as it was called, 
met ; and it professed to act upon the assumption of 
never having been legally dissolved. Lambert at first, 
and afterwards Monk, was recognized as General-in- 
Chief ; the latter of whom succeeded in controlling the 
army and suppressing disorder. A small number of 
Peers were found to constitute a House of Lords. The 
navy was ready to sustain the King, and it presently 
brought him to London, where he was proclaimed on 8th 
May as king Charles the Second, and where he arrived 
on 29th May, 1660. We need not pursue details. The 
conduct at Southold and at New Haven was not very re- 
markable. The partisans showed much excitement and 
there must have been considerable anxiety. We annex Notex.i. 
a list of deputies from Southold to New Haven showing 
the total amounts of taxation for the jurisdiction, about 
;^i,300 in eight years, and the sums called for from 
Southold, about ;^I02 — apparently not very large. In 
1660 the deputies were authorized to hold a court at 
Southold once a quarter, and three aged citizens named 
were authorized to act as assistants. Privileges were 
allowed to troopers in order to encourage and secure a 
greater number of them. A report was made by Rev. 
Mr. Davenport about a college ; and by law " the sons of 
all inhabitants were required to write a legible hand " — 
a good commencement. There was much litigation. The 
judicial proceedings show us many early names and many 
historical incidents, but are too volumnious for our pres- 
ent use. 

The newly acting king Charles II. pardoned Quakers, ^j^' 



172 SOUTHOLD S CELEBRATION. 

and on 20th April, 1662, granted a new charter for the 
Connecticut Colony, which proposed to unite the two 
previous "jurisdictions " in one, perhaps a more compact 
and perfect one. The new charter came to Southold 
before it was exhibited at Hartford. The majority of our 
freemen, thirty-two in number, signed an appointment of 
Captain John Youngs, as deputy, to represent them. I 
have a fac-simile copy of this, made from the original, pre- 
served in the Secretary-of-State's office at Hartford. All 

Note X. 2. but two of the signatures are plainly legible. Captain 

Youngs was admitted to a seat as deputy at Hartford. 
It was resolved to be ready to afford the people of 
Southold, protection ; but the union with Hartford was 
so short that we do not deem it necessary to give details. 
Hartford had a separate set and formed a separate party 
from those connected with New Haven. They are 
not supposed to know anything about " Yennicott," and 
some of their writers seem to know not much about 
Southold. 

Little was done under the new Connecticut charter 
until 1665. At that time. New Haven and Hartford 
jurisdictions had 19 towns represented. Brandford alone 
did not appear. Rev. Mr. Pierson and some of his flock, 
who had come there from Southampton, moved to New 
Jersey ; some went to New Jersey from Southold. 

The Dutch perhaps at this time were no more willing 
than the English Royalists to abide by their treaty of 
peace made with Cromwell as Protector. When much too 
late, they professed to approve of and ratify the agree- 
ment to divide Long Island, and to insist upon the truce 
line which had been rejected by Cromwell's government. 
The King's party grew courageous by success, and were 
disposed to reject every act of Cromwell except his con. 
quest of Jamaica. Gov. Stuyvesant perhaps was inclined ^ 
to favor that course. Rather curiously he wrote in July^ 

97, ii«. 1661, to his principals in Holland, apologizing to them 

for not having built a fort near Oyster Bay to prevent the 
English from pressing west of the truce-line, in accord- 



i 



c. B. moore's address. 173 

ance with Tienhoven's old plan of stopping them with a 
fort. He said nothing- about Capt. Underhill's being 
located up near the old line. He wrote of the claims of 
the Earl of Sterling, and that he heard the English ad- 
ministration were planning an invasion. But of course he 
said nothing publicly of his ill treatment of Capt. Forester, 
the successor of Farrett. 

Col. Richard NicoUs, connected with the Stuart kings, 
and claiming to be fitted out from England, with an 
armed force for Tangier in Africa, made his way to the 
harbor of New York, and without any declaration of war, 
demanded the surrender of the place to him. This, at a.58. 
first refused, was yielded on 27th August, 1664, when a '-*^*- 
formal capitulation was signed. On 24th September Al- 
bany also yielded. Treaties with Indians were soon made. 

The King professed to have a release of Long Island 97,11s. 
from Henry (the 4th) Earl of Sterling, which recited the 
Patent of 1620, and the grant from the Plymouth Council v 

of 22d April, 1636. The young Earl complained strongly 
against the Dutch. 

On 1 2th March, 1664, the King granted to his brother 
James, Duke of York, large tracts, including Long Island, 
with powers of government. Thus, it was claimed, we 
came under the rule of the despotic Duke. 

Connecticut finally has it recorded that " Lands were of 
so little value, and controversies before King and Coun- 
cil so expensive, and the event so uncertain " that conten- 
tions (between the New England colonies or greedy men) t. 1, 447 and 
ceased, and " considering the expense of purchasing them 
of the natives and of defending them," they (the lands) 

"cost our ancestors five if not ten times their value ;" and do. 

449. 
thereupon they " gave up Long Island." 536. 

The division line between the English and the Dutch 

was left in a precarious condition by the peace with 

Cromwell of 4th April, 1654. The extreme Royalists 

were disposed to repudiate the peace as well as the 

other acts of Cromwell, and they did repudiate it by the 

capture of New York in August, 1664. 



174 southold's celebration. 

As early as the 3d of February, 1672, Sir John Evlyn 
informs us of the King's plan of " a second war with the 

E.&j,36i. Hollanders," the King choosing Sir John with others to 
take charge of anticipated prisoners of war and of wounded 
soldiers of his own. And on 12th March, 1672, he wrote 
of the "first blow given to the Dutch convoy of the 
Smyrna fleet, in which we [the Enghsh] received little 
save blows and a worthy reproach for attacking our neigh- 
bors ere any war was proclaimed," conduct which was 
not "becoming Christian neighbors." The Dutch "so 
warmly pHed our divided fleets, that whilst in conflict, 
the merchants sailed away and got safe into Holland." 
Thus the expected plunder of private property was lost. 
He wrote of various other distresses, and without with- 
drawing his support (on 24th March) lamented " what 
miseries are mortal men subject to, and what confusion 
and mischief do the avarice, anger and ambition ol 

3«.5i princes cause in the world !" On loth May, Sir John was 

sent to the sea coast " to observe the motion of the 
Dutch fleet, and ours — the Duke and so many of the 
flower of our nation being now under sail, coming from 
Portsmouth through the Downs, where 'twas believed 
there might be an encounter." Sir John accordingly went 

366. to Dover on the 14th, "but the fleet did not appear till 

the i6th of May, when the Duke of York with his [the 
English] and the French squadron, in all 170 ships, sailed 
by after the Dutch, who were newly withdrawn." A 
grand sight ! He tells us little of the engagement on the 
28th, except of the death of Montagu, the Earl of Sand- 
wich, and " many wounded, sick and prisoners." We may 
learn more from other sources ; yet it may be very difh- 

368. cult to find an impartial account. Mons. Rabeniere, Rear 

Admiral of the French, was killed, and our Colonel 
Richard Nicoll, late captor and Governor of New York, 

G. 16, 105. with many others, slain. 

One curious circumstance is that this battle occurred in 
the bay in front of the ancient Enghsh town of South- 
wold or Southold, where the English fleet had anchored 



C. B. MOORE S ADDRESS. 1 75 

for the night under its sheltering hill ; and where it was 
surprised early in the morning by the Dutch fleet attack- 
ing it, cramping it and making a bloody and furious on- 
set, with great loss ; and afterwards retiring without being 
captured or all destroyed. 

The English Parliament refusing supplies, compelled g-is, 5o. 
the peace that was made. Everything that could be, was 
concealed by the loyal and defeated politicians, disgraced 
by telling the truth ; and even the name of Southold was 
changed by them to " Solebay " or " Sobbay." The hill 
in front of the battle-ground, we are informed, resembled 
that south of Manhansett River, a little west of our Green- 
port, which gave the island its sheltering name. Before 
the date of that battle, the name " Southold " had been 
adopted by us, several of the first settlers having come 
from that region, Paines, Youngs, Moore, etc. The City of 
New York was recaptured in 1673 and given up by treaty 
with King Charles in 1674. Southold was aided in resist- 
ing the Dutch by our former friends of Connecticut. But 
we cannot now pursue the next two centuries of English 
and American history in such detail as is needed for our 
position. The recital can wait. 

A worn entry in page 10 of the old town record of 165 1 i54>i- 
called Liber A, is copied in page 5 of Liber B, under date 324. 
of February 5th, 1654, by which it was " Ordered and 
agreed (forasmuch as there is no book to record lands and 
the mapps thereof [are] so decayed that some are past 
remedie, as also for prevention of such inevitable disturb- 
ance as will grow in case the same bee not seasonably re- 
corded,) that every man (who hath not already) bring 
into the Recorder a p'ticular of all his p'sells of land 
how they ly east, west, north and south, between whom 
and in what places, within one month after the publica- 
tion hereof, under the penalty of 5^ ; as also all after pur- 
chases and exchanges, within one month after the pur- 
chase or exchange made, under the like penalty." 

Observe this was not a plan to register deeds; but 
merely to inscribe a brief notice of parcels of land owned 



176 southold's celebration. 

or claimed. It was afterwards ordered that four years' 
peaceable possession, in case there be no claim entered 
(of record), shall be a good title. That probably was too 
strong a law for them to enforce, except in terrorem to 
induce owners to record their claims. The town officers 
ordered that claims not deemed by them to be just, be 
cancelled. It was a safer course to have the deeds them- 

G.18.63. selves recorded, as was required in 1683. Deeds were 

not then generally recorded in England. Many deeds 
had been executed here, but not recorded. Some of these 
have been found and probably more might be found by 
careful search. They are in fair terms and good language 
and generally spelt better than the records. There is 
one dated in 1711-12, fairly preserved, but never recorded. 
Even the names in the brief " particular " noted on the 
town book are often spelt wrong. The old-fashioned 
forms of writing some letters of the alphabet increased 
the difficulty. In some parts of England, as well as in 
Ireland, Scotland and Holland, the fashions varied: "ff" 
was for a capital "F;" "y" sometimes was written for 
" h ;" " on " for " one ;" " whome " for " home." The old 
records show a great variety of spelling, especially of 
Indian names such as " Acquebogue," which is reported 
to have been spelt in one hundred different ways. The 
clerk of a court, or of a public meeting, often spelled 
the names as he understood them from the pronuncia- 
tion, without having them spelled for him — of course 
committing errors. The townspeople in my boyhood 
were not at all particular in their spelling, and were ex- 
cused by their lonely and isolated position ; severely hard 
work ; poor light indoors, with small windows and little 
glass ; few books and poor teachers ; besides suffering from 
a war with England. 

The absence of formal records prior to 165 1 deprives us 
of an exact list of the earliest occupants. We are some- 
what aided by the reports sent to England and to Hol- 
land, obtained and published two hundred years later, with 

D.itoD.u. letters and papers preserved abroad and now in print. 



C. B. MOORE S ADDRESS. 1 77 

But the old deeds, wills and inventories are thought to be 
the most valuable helps. These we have endeavored to 
find and describe ; and they are aided by the lists pre- 
served. By tracing many persons and their families and 
movements we can laboriously gather some pretty accu- 
rate accounts. Having tried my hand at this, I can speak 
as an expert. Before 1868, after my father's decease, 1 
spent a week or ten days every summer in a visit to my 
aged mother, and employed some spare hours in making 
such a gathering ; while Jonathan W. Huntting (son of 
my reverend preceptor) was Town Clerk and favored 
me. My time was otherwise much employed, and my 
search for old residents and old papers at Southold was 
necessarily short. It was really a great and tiresome 
labor to obtain, condense and arrange a great mass of 
notes from irregular documents, with dates and names 
all confused. They had to be examined consecutively in 
order of time, and alphabetically in order of persons. In 
1868 my notes were printed, and entitled Indexes of 154. 
Southold — the printing making it much easier to read and 
consider them. I hoped to gain assistance, but did not 
get much. Slowly I pursued the task, and have since 
added perhaps one-third more of the old dates in manu- 
scripts. I need not now repeat things in print, but may 
report some not printed. Even these require an index. 356. 
I have a good opinion of the journal of my aged acquaint- 
ance Augustus Griffin. It does not profess to be ancient his- 
tory (he was as much a poet as historian), but it is a record 
of many useful facts. Silas Wood and B. F. Thompson 
give us much valuable history, but neither of them lived 
here at Southold or studied much our local peculiarities. 
Our reverend friend Dr. Whitaker, representing the 
Church, has done his part in this laborious exercise. His m. 
" History of Southold for the First Century " outranks "^ig 
others, and supplies many things which I have passed ^*^- 
over. That of the Rev. Mr. Prime preceded his, and was 
carefully written, but was chiefly theological, and was 
written under difficulties for a larger field. 



15i>i. 
058. 



178 southold's celebration. 

Our town and county representative of ancient descent, 
Mr. J. Wickham Case, had his notes printed with the 
town records. Some of them were such as no other 
person could write. If we do not agree with the writers 
named in all their opinions, or if they, not seeing our 
authorities, did not agree with all of ours, we yet can be 
glad to have the earhest public records of the town in 
readable form, and with the best notes obtainable. It is 
necessary to print in order to preserve. I had little 
opportunity to confer with them or they with me. 

I disclaim all controversy with them or with their 
friends or with <jur neighbors of other towns. It has long 
been practiced and almost expected that Southampton, 
on some lasting questions, would vote against Southold, 
but as we " labor for peace and plenty," we will not dis- 
pute upon so small a point as which of the two parallel 
towns was first set out. In union there is strength, as 
well as peace. Let us labor to have " e pluribus uniim " 
— from many, one — and for both towns all the good we 
can get. 

Several large pedigrees of early settlers have appeared 
since my Indexes were printed, namely: 
.343. The families '-^'^ 

Giriiry. O^ Matthias Cor win, by Rev. Dr. Corwin, of New Jersey. 

898.898j^. Of Barnabas Horton, by Dr.(0. F. Horton, of Pennsyl- 

vania. 
"24. Of William Wells, by Rev. C. W. Hayes. 

w. 1. w. 2, w. 3. Of Henry Whitney, by S. Whitney Phenix, of New 

York. 
■m. Of the Benedict family, by H. M. Benedict, of Albany. 

526. Of the Storrs family, by Chas. Storrs, of Brooklyn. 

A.84,G.4. Of the Wolsey family, the Strong family and others, 

' by B. W. D wight, of Clinton. 

Of the Allerton family, by W. S. AUerton, of New York. 
Of the Southold branch of the Paine family, by Dr. H. 
M. Paine (imperfect), and others. 
All by non-residents. They add to our story, tho' not 
harmoniously ; and others are coming. 



jHL 



c. B. moore's address. 179 

The several town records and the Long Island histories 
have expanded in print very largely. 

New England has produced many volumes, by means n. itoN.j2. 
of which, several of our early settlers can be traced 
farther back. The later settlements follow on the same 
road, extending west to the Pacific. 



l8o SOUTHOLD's CELEimATION. 



NOTES. 



NOTE X. I. 
Deputies from Southold to New Haven and taxes paid there. 

Drimlirsfriiin S(inth<M. Total Tax. SimthoM tn Pnti. 

lii.>j, June 30. Mr. Wells, William Punier £300 £15 15s. 5il. 

'«'^1' "June ^9 ) Bhi»!i'«'S Horton, John Peakiii 300 16 3 it 

lBo<i, May 38. Barnabas Horton, William Furrier 150 13 d 

1(557, May 37. Lieut. Budd 300 15 13 11 

1658, May 36. Thos Moore, Barnabas Horton KX) 7 17 8 

1659, May 35. William Wells, Barnabas Horton 100 9 

1660, May m. William Wells, Capt. John Youngs 300 ^"^ 1 "^ 

1661, May SiJ. Barnabas Horton, William Furrier 150 ^3^ 17 10 

£1,300 £106 10 1 

1651, Remitted (as not collectible, persons absent, &c.) i 7 ^^ 

Total for Southold £102 3 1 

It is dilHcult to deline the present value of this currency, but quite" safe to 
count £1 as more than equal to $10 now. That would make the whole total 
$13,000, and Southold's part $1,030. Perhaps it was equal to twice this sum. 

NOTE X. 2. 
Early Inventories. 
English law and custom required inventories to be made before the probate of 
wills. They were needed, even if there were no wills. The country Surrogates 
were sometimes limited to act only when the estates were appraised at less than 
£150, and iminoved land was included in the inventories. We have none preserved 
nutil after the peace of 1654. 

Names of Deceased Pcrso/t.s. Dates of Incoitories. Amounts. 

James Haines (no glass) 1655, 18th of 9th mo. £133 8s. 4d. 

Mr. Frost (veroal) 1655, 13th Of 9th mo. 39 

.Jos. Peakins of New Haven 1657-8, 1st of Feb' y. 14113 3 

William Salmon 1657, May 13 188 14 10 

[A looking- glass, 3 guns, etc.] | 

Joseph Youngs, Mariner 1658, Sept. 15tii 477 9 

[£85 was for house and lands, £190 10s. for 
his part of ship sold Goodwin and Mr. Ham- 
den and attached, a looking' glass, 3 ships' 
anchors.] 
Stephen Goodyear, New Haven 1658, Oct. 15th 8(»4 9 10 

[" Besides part in the iron works unapprized, 
"with some debts at ye Barbadoes and else- 
" where not known how much, some pipe 
" staves yet to be apprized."] 



c. B. moore's address. 



i8i 



Amoviil 
£251 19 


(1 


154>>i$, 440. 
H. SI, :t5S. 


:u:? ]] 


tj 


154^. 443. 
H. 31, 35S. 


72 15 





m]4< 444. 
H. 31, 35S. 


3fiS 7 





15i%, 444. 
H. 31, 35S 


97 (1 


11 


154K, 45}». 
46U. 



Names of Deceased Persons. Datett of Invehttyrias 

John Herbert 1658, Sept. .5, Ifi . . 

[A vessel of about 13 tons, £80.] 

Matthias Corwin 1658 

Peter Payne 1658, Sept. 1.5th 

Thomas Cooper 16.58, .Tan. 20th 

[3 chairs, 3 chests, a wooden bottle, a drink- 
ing- flask, etc.] 

Pastor Youngs 1575-6, Mar. 22d . . .. 

[House and land, £W: old books, £5; old 
horse, £3.] 

Suffolk Co. Clerk's Office.— In a book called Sessions Book, No. 1, are 
entered, tor the County, between May, 1070 and 1085, 97 inventories ; 43 ol' them are 
tor less than £100 each ; 37 are for sums between £100 and £500: 7 for sums between 
£500 and £1.000; and only 4 for sums over £1,000 each. In Liber A, of Deeds for 
Suffolk Co., 14 inventories are copied dated in 1687 and 1688; one in 1089; and one in 
1092. A list of these in the County Clerk's ofUce, has been printed in the N. Y. 
Gen'l and Biogr. Rec. for July, 1881. They have not been pei'used by the writer. 

NOTE X. 3. 
Wills and Letters of Administration. 



Date of Will, ai- Date of Probate ui 
if no Will, of of Letters of 

Dentil. Administration. 



Thomas Payne, Weaver ... 1638, Dec. 10 1642-44. 



Chi-istopher Yongs, do. 



1647, 4th mo. 19. .1647, 7, 8, 5th mo. 



John Haines or Heynes 16.52, Mar. 21 . 



.16.55 



John England 
Brandf ord . . 



16.55, Jan. 5 Inventor j- 

Will mentioned. 



Mr. Frost (verbal) 

Peter Sylvester, London. 

Matthias Corwin 

Thomas Cooper — 

Isaac Allerton 



] 



1656, May 17 1656, May 1 

1657, Jan. 37 Names his uncle. 

1058, Aug-. 31 166(1, Mar. 5, 6 . ] 

1658, Sept. 15 1600, Mar. 5, 6. . . . 

1658-9 10.59. \ 



Lawrence Southwick 

Lieut. John Budd ... 

Da\-id Carwithy 

Latimer Sampson . . . , 



16,59, July 10. 



William Salmon 

Thos. Jones . 

William Wells 

Thomas Terry 

Philemon Dickerson. 



1663, Oct. 13 1663, Oct. 15. . 

1665, .Tan. 4 1665, Feb. 13 

i In favor of Grizzle 
1668-9, Feb. 16 ( Silvester. 

, „, ,, ( Letters of Admr. to 

1668, Nov 1600, Mar. 19. . . ] j. Conkling-, Jr. 

1669, Feb. 16 Lib. 1, N. Y., p. 12. 

1671, Nov. 13... 1671, Nov. 13. . 154>^, p. 310. 

1671, Nov. 20 1672, Junes Lib. 1, N. Y. Wills- 

1665, June 20 1672, Oct. 28 154>^, 303. 



U. li, 1 -.t-i. 



Place of Recoi'd, or 

Autliority, 

Witnesses, &v. 

At Salem, Mass., 1 
Ess. Inst. 3. T. lien- 
edict and others, 
witnesses. 

Salem, Mass., H. 31, 
p. 259. 

At New Have n- 
Witnesses, Rev. J- 
Youngs, John Her- 
bert. H. 31, p. 158. 

New Haven. 

H. 31, p. 186. 

Witnesses, Thos. 
Brush, John Con Id- 
ling-. H. 31, p. 159. 

Nathaniel Arnold. 

Southold, H. 31, p. 
358, 15414, p. 400. 
Do. Do. 

H. 31, p. 309, J. Har- 

riman. A. 84, p. 43, 

B. Preston. 
N.Y. audi Ess. Inst., 

94. N. 18, p. 252. 
West. Co., Recited 

in a deed. 



l82 



southold's celebration. 



Date of Will, or. Date of Probate or 
Names. if no Will, of of Letters of 

Death. Admiinistration. 

Charles Glover, Shipwright 1674, June 9 



John Genings 

John Elton 

William Furrier. 



Henry Whitney 

Rev. John Youngs . . . . 

Richard Terry 

Mary Youngs, wid. Rev. J. 

Nathaniel Silvester 

Barnabas H orton 

John Conkling, Sr 

William Hallock, I 

or Holyoake j 

John Budd, 2d 



1674 

1675, April 19 . . . .1675, June 3. . 

1671, Deo. 13 1876, May 13. 

1672, June 5 

1672, vei'bal 1675-6 

1675 1676 

1678, Nov. 5 

1679-80, Mar 

1680, May 10 1680, July 13 . 



1683, Feb. 23 1683-4, Mar j 

1682 1684, Oct. 21. . 

1684, Oct. 27 1684, Nov. 12. 



Place of Record, or 

Autliority, 

Witnesses, ace. 

Offered and Reject. 

ed. Only one wit' 

ness. 

Lib. 1. N. Y., 336. 
Lib. 1, N. Y., 200. 
Lib. 1, N. Y., 344. 
Norwalk, Conn., W. 

1. p. 8. 
1541^. 

Lib. 1, N. Y. 
958, p. 18. 
Lib.3,N.Y. 
Lib. 3, N. Y.. 
C. of Sessions, held 

at Southampton. 

Lib. 3, N. Y., p. 4. 
Lib. 3, N. Y., p. 1. 



p. 337. 

, p. 2, &c- 
p. 54. 



Wills proved before Col. Wm. Smith, as Surrogate, 1691 to 1702. 

Names. 



Date of Will, or, 

if no Will, of 

Death. 



Date of Probate or 

of Letters of 

AdininisPration. 



Benjamin Moore 1690, May 15 



Jonathan Moore 1689, Mar. 15 1691, Sept. 8. 

Benjamin Horton 1685-6, Feb. 19.. 1691, Sept. 29 

Thomas Moore, Sr 1691, June 23 1691, Sept. 30 

John Booth 1689, Aug. 15. . .]691,Nov.6. 



Place of Record, or 

Authority, 

Witnesses, &c. 

fAdmrs., Jeremy 
,0,,, c X o J Veile and his wife 

1691, Sept. 3 I Anne, late wid. of 

I B. M. 

J Admr., Martha, 

1 widow. 



T . m , * 1688, April 34. 

John Tooker y j^go, May 39 . . 

John Swazey 1693, May 29 . . 

Daniel Bowen 

John Concklin 

Christopher Youngs, Sr. 



' 1692, Sept. 30. 
.1692, Nov. 12. 



-..«o o ^ J1693, Sept. 9.. 

1693, Sept 11693, Nov. IL 



1689, Feb. 4 1694, May 15. . 

d. 1695, July 31 . .1695, Sept. 30. 



J Admr. to Thomas, 
I eldest son. 
( Letters to wid. Hau- 
1 nah. 



( At Hartford. 

< Letters to Irene 

I Hobart. 



1695, Mar. 31... 
.1696-7, Mar. 30.. 



Letters to Mary, wi- 
dow, and Benja- 
min, his eldest son. 

Inventory ordei-ed 
and presented. 
£216, 17, 7. 



Lib. 5, N. Y., 199. 



Peter Silvester, Shelter I. ( 

bro. of Giles and Eliz. ) 

Constant Sylvester, Shelter 

Island, do 1695, Oct. 26 

Thos. James, East Hams, 
Preacher and Minister .. 1696, June 5 1693, June 23 

William Wells (2d) 1696, Sept. 25. . . ] i69t5-7, Jan.'i9. '.'.'. .'.'.'.'.'.'.. 

James Reeve, of So. Hold, 
brother of William 1692, Mar. 4 1698, July 4 

William Mapes, brother of „, . , 

Thomas . d. 1698, April 16.1698, July 4 Thomas, Admr, 

Nathaniel Moore, son of 

Thomas 1698, April 19 

Susannah Washburn 1. ,^ti«^ ifiQR A„q. -x, S Appointed Isaac 

daughter of John, i • ■ • • (^t- 1^.) 1698, Aug . ^ . ..\ Arnold Guardian. 

( Admr. to wid. Abi- 

Joseph Concklin d. 1698, Nov. 33 . 1698, Dec. 16 < gail and John Tut- 

I hill. 
„ ,, \ Appoints Isaac Ar- 
John Washburn {Mt. 15.) 1698-9, Feb. 14 -, qqW Guardian. 



8, Aug. 36. 



C. B. MOORE P ADDRESS. 



183 



Thomas Brush, of Hiint- 
inaton 



Thomas Ryder . 

Gideon Youngs. 
Richard Brown. 
James Parshall 
Charles Booth . . 



Date of Will, or. 

if no Will, nf 

Death. 

1698, Aprils.... 

IfiCa, April 11 

ltj»9, Dec. 32. . 
1701, July 6.. . 



Date of Probate or 

of Letters of 
AdmiiiiKtration. 



Place of Record, or 
Avtiurritij, 
Witnesses, &c. 



..1699, April 2(5. 
. 1699, April 26. 



Admr. to Gershom 
and Nathaniel Ter- 



\ 1699, Feb. 33. 

11700 

..1701, Oct. 1.. 

1693, Oct. 14 1701, Oct. 28. 

d. 1700, Dec. 3... .1703, Oct. 38. 



I Adm 

\ and 

I ly. 



Isaac Corey 

Caleb Horton 

•John Corwin, Sr 

Abram Corey 

Other Wills proved 

Constant Silvester, son of 
Nathaniel 

Peter Silvester, son of Na- 
thaniel 

Barnabas Wines 

Col. Jt>hn Yomias 



(Admr. to Abigail, 
1 his widow. 
( Admr. to Sai-ali, his 
') widow. 



d. 1700-1, Mar. 8.. 1703, May 21. 

1699, Dec. 30 . . 1702, Oct. 14 (Wife Hester.) 

1700, Nov. 36 1703. Oct. 14 

1702, May 19 1703, Oct. 14 

AT New York, in the same period as the last 

OR LATER. 



1695. Oct. 36. 



.169.5, Nov. 9. 



Lib. .5, N. Y., 198. 
Lib. .5, N. Y., 151. 



1696, Feb. 33 ... . 16!t6, April 16 

1696, Mar. 24 1707 

1695-7 1698 Lib. 5, N. Y., 39,s. 



Names Copied Alphabetically. 



Names. 

John Conkling- (3d) 

John Conklins' (4th) 

Henry Conkling- (4th) . . 
Joseph (Jonkling- (6th). . 

Simon Grover 

Peter Hallock 

William Hallock 

George Havens 

David Horton 

Jonathan Horton, Capt. 

Howell, Richard 

King, William 

Landon, James 

Loring , Samuel 

Mapes, .Jabez 



Date of Win, or, 

if no Will, of 

Death. 



Date of Probate or 

of Letters of 

Ailministration. 



1751, June 11 not!, Oct. 19. 



1753, July 2.1.. 

1739, Aug-. 20. 

1740, Aug. 20. 

1690 

d. 1705, Nov. 4 
1753, Aug. 13. 



Place of Record, or 

Authority, 

Witnesses, &c. 

Lib. 7, N. Y., 376. 

Lib. 17, N. Y., 410. 

Lib. 18, N. Y., 16ti. 



1751, June 38. 
1754, .Jan. 16.. 

. 1740, Feb Lib. 13, N. Y., 354. 

J 1706, Feb. 18 Lib. 7, N. Y., 386. 

. 1756, Oct. 7 Lib. 30, N. Y., 149. 

1728, Junes 1736 Lib. 13, N. Y., 4. 

Lib. 13, N. Y.,. 30]. 

1749, Sept. 18 1749, Sept. 18.. . Lib. 17, N. Y., 38. 

1707-8, Feb. 21.. . . 1708, .lune 7 Lib. 7, N. Y., 366. 

1709, Aug. 24 171(1, Jan. 1 Lib. 7, N. Y., 4.38. 

1740, Feb. 29.. . . 1740, Feb. 29 Lib. 13, N. Y., 415. 

1738, Sept. 11. . . 1739, Mar. 26 Lib. 13, N. Y., 2.51 . 

1738, Feb 1740, Mar. 27 Lib. 13, N. Y., .390. 



Moore, Abigail 

Parshall, Israel 

Parshall, David 

Petty, .John 

Reeve, Thomas 

Reeves, James 

Reeves, Joseph 

Reeves, Benjamin 

Rumsey, Simon 

Terry, .John 

TuthiU, Henry 

Vail, Jeremiah 

Wines, Samuel 

Youngs, Gideon (2d) 

[This List is imperfect 



UI 



1739, Feb. 30 . . 
1740, April 9 . . . 
174.5, Dec. 9... . 

1737, June 33. 

1737, June 34. 



. .1733, Mar. 16 Lib. 13, N. Y., 4. 



1727, Mar. 16... 
1698 (Jas. an Exr.)1703 or '3 



1739, June 5. 



( 1746, July 21 Lib. 16, N. Y., 4(1. 

1738, May 23 Lib. 13, N. Y., 295. 

Lib. 10, N. Y., p. 161. 
(Executor's deed in 
* 702. 
Lib. 13, N. Y., 259. 

. . 1713, April 13 Lib. 8, N. Y., 301. 

.1736, June 3 Lib. 1,2, N. Y., 514. 

. . 1752, June 3 Lib. 18, N. Y., 143. 

. . 1723, Sept. 26 Lib. 9, N. Y., 417. 

.1733, Sept. 3 Lib. 12, N. Y., 139. 

- 1750, Jan. 25 LiV). 17, N. Y., 158. 

. 1727, Feb. 10 Lib. 10, N. Y., 395. 

1738, Oct. 16 1743, May 15 Lib. 15, N. Y., 39. 

1749, Nov. 14 .... 1749, Dec. 13 Lib. 17, N. Y., 176. 

and was dropped when it was found it could not be 
made perfect.] 



17a5-6 

1712, Dec. 15.. 

1722, July 19.. 
1743, June 1. . . 
1719, Mar. 29... 
1728, June 6... 
1749, Sept. 28. 

1723, Jan. 2... 



184 southold's celebration. 

Special Surrogates were appointed and many wills proved— some not traced. 

Rev. Wm. Throop was appointed Surrogate about 1752, and died 29th Septem- 
ber, 1756. 

Samuel Landon, Esq., of Southold, was appointed Surrogate on 9th February, 
1757, and probably held until 1766. 

Jared Landon, son of Samuel, on 19th April, 1768, was appointed Surrogate, 
and held the office a year or more, and he acted as Surrogate under the new State 
government up in Ulster County in 1783, '3 and '4. His official memoranda as Sur- 
rogate were deposited in the Long Island Historical Society, and some wei'e copied 
in the second volume of N. Y. Gen. and Biog. Rec, p. 186. 

Later Surrogates can be easily traced and wills found. The other officers of 
the Colony and Statp are generally detailed in a book chiefly published at Albany, 
called the Civil List; which, however, omits to tell us of the Legislature which 
met in 1683 and 1685, at the first sessions of which, Matthias NicoU was Speaker, 
and at the second, William Pinhorne was Speaker. 

NOTE X. 4. 

Letters of Administration, granted to persons, generally of Southold (includ- 
ing some that wei-e doubtful), before the Revolutionary Wai*, or before the 
Treaty of Peace : 

Of Jonathan Tuthill, to his widow, Mary Tuthill, on 6th March, 1744. Lib. A., 
p. 41. 

Of Bbenezer Johnson, to his widow, Rebecca Johnson, on 6th January, 1745. 
Lib. A., p. 80. 

Of Jonathan Hudson and Sarah Hudson, his wife, both deceased, to Samuel 
Hudson, their only son bj' Sarah, his wife (on her estate), on 12th November, 1746. 
Lib. A., p. 99. 

Of Jonathan Hudson, Suffolk County, to principal creditors, of Samuel Landon 
and John Cleves of Suffolk County, on 24th January, 1746. Lib. A., p. lOJ. 

Of Daniel Reeve, to his widow. Experience Reeve, on 24th February, 1746. Lib. 
A., p. 102. 

Of Joel Bowditch, to his widow, Ruth Bowditch, on 2d December, 1747. Lib. 
A., Part 2, p. 26. 

Of Elizabeth Youngs, to her son, Christopher Youngs, on 18th March, 1747- 
Lib. A., Pai-t 2, p. 27. 

Of Elizabeth Tuthill, Southold, to her son, Samuel Tuthill, on 5th November, 
1750. Lib. A., Part 3, p. 101. 

Of Elisha Reeve, Southold, to his widow, Mary Reeve, on 15th June, 1752. Lib. 
A., Part 3, p. 148. 

Of Hosea L'Hommedieu, Shelter Island, cooper, to his principal creditor, Israel 
Moore, Southold, 5th February, 1754. Lib. A., Part 3, p. 22. 

Of Theoi^hilus Clarke, yeoman of Suffolk County, to his widow, Bethiah Clarke, 
of same county, on 3d April, 1755. Lib. A., Part 3, p. 48. 

Of Giles Hudson, late of Orange County, farmer, to his brother, Jonathan 
Hudson, of Suffolk County, labourer, on 3d June, 1755. Lib. A., Part 3, p. 53. 

Of Thomas Booth, Southold, yeoman, to his sons-in-law, Freegift Wells and 
Joseph Reeves, both of Southold, yeomen, 13th January, 1756. Lib. B., p. 18. 

Of William Throop of Southold, minister of the Gospel, to principal creditors, 
William Hubbard, shopkeeper, and Ezra L'Hommedieu, yeoman, both of South- 
old, on 12th October, 1756. Lib. B., p. 35. 

Of James Terry of Southold, mariner, to his brother, Daniel Terry, farmer, 6th 
December, 1758. Lib. B., Part 3, p. 58. 

Of John Youngs, Southold, yeoman, to his widow, Mary Youngs, on 17th May, 
1760. Lib. B., Part 3, p. 129. 

Of Mary Harrid of New York City, spinster, to John Wiggins of Suffolk Coun- 
ty, mariner, cousin and next of kin, 20th January, 1762. Lib. B., Part 3, p. 107. 



c. B. moore's address. 185 

Of Peter Christopher Bradley of Suffolk County, to his father-in-law, Ben- 
jamin Bayley, of same county, joiner, on 11th November, 1761. Lib. B., Part 3, 
p. 113. 

Of Jonathan Osman, yeoman, to his widow, Elizabeth Osman of Suffolk Coun- 
ty, and Peter Hallock, j^eoman, on 18th February, 17B1. Lib. B., Part 3, p. 131. 

Of Simon Glover, yeoman, to Mehitable Glover, spinster, his sister and next ol 
kin, 14th February, 1763. Lib. B., Part 3, p. 187. 

Of Daniel Tuthill, j-eoman, to Daniel Tuthill, .Tr., and Nathaniel Tutliill, butii 
of Suffolk County, yecmen, on 13th May, 1763. Lib. B., Part 3, p. 188. 

Of Elizabeth Keeve, spinstei-, to her son-in-law, Thomas Mupes, curdwainei-, 
nth May, 1768. Lib. C, p. 35. 

Of Isaac Hubbard, cordwainei-, to his widow, Deborah Hubbard, 11th May, 
1768. Lib. C, p. 33. 

Of Daniel Goldsmith of Suffolk County, yeoman, to Orange Webb ol said 
county, mariner, on 39th July, 1762. Lib. C, Part 3, p. 10. 

Of Joseph Hudson, farmer, to John Hudson, farmer, of said county, brotlicr 
and next of kin, 33d March, 1765. Lib. C, Part 3, p. 31. 

Of Jonathan Reeve, Suffolk County, jeoman, to his father, William Reeve of 
said county, yeoman, 30th December, 1764. Lib. C, Part 3, p. 33. 

Of Benjamin Haliock, gentleman, to his brf)ther, Zerubabel Haliock of South- 
old, yeoman, 33d October, 1765. Lib. C, Part 3, p. 39. 

Of Luther Moore, yeoman, to Thomas Terrj of said county, yeoman, 16th No- 
vember, 1768. Lib. D., p. 30. 

Of Ichabod Cleveland, carpenter, to his widow Anna Cleveland, 16th Novem- 
ber, 1768. Lib. D., p. 31. 

Of Samuel Beebe, yeoman, to his widow, Hannah, and to his son, Samuel 
Beebe, 16th November, 1678. Lib. D., p. '22. 

Of Richard Taylor, schoolmaster, to Peter Haliock, yeoman, a crcditoi', of said 
county, 33d June, 1769. 

Of John Wiggins of Suffolk County, yeoman, to his sons, David Wiggins, 
yeoman, of said county, and Thomas Wiggins of the Province of New Jersey, 
physician, 33d June, 1769. Lib. D., p. 64. 

Of John King- of Suffolk County, cordwainer, to his brother, Jonathan King, 
carpenter, and to Thomas Youngs, yeoman, a creditor, both of Suffolk County, on 
20th June, 1770. Lib. D., Part 3, p. 1:34. 

Of Samuel Smith, Junior, labourer, to his widow, Sarah Smith, and to his 
fatlier, Samuel Smith, Senior, on 31st October, 1770. Lib. D., Part 2, p. 1:56. 

Of Benjamin Conckling, yeoman, to his widow, Sarah Conckling', 35th Marcli' 
1772. Lib. D., Part 4, p. 40. 

Of Henr>- Jacobs, cooper, to principal creditor, Abraham Corey, yeoman, 10th 
August, 1773. Lib. D., Part 4, p. 54. 

Of William King-, Southold, yeoman, to a creditor, Thomas Youngs, 3d August, 
1775. Lib. E., p. 43. 

Of John Hubbard, trader, to his widow, Mary, 9th January, 17Sa. Lib. E., part 
3, p. 4. 

Of William Brown, of Shelter Island, yeoman, to his widow, Esther, 23d Ma.\ , 
1783. Lib. E., Part 3, p. 30. 

or Charles Booth of Suffolk County, yeoman, to Thomas Fanning, gentleman, 
principal creditor, 8th July, 1783. Lib. E., Part 3, p. 44. 

Of Thomas Overton, yeoman, to his widow, Martha, 10th December, 1783. Lib. 

E., Part 3, p. 74. 

[List imperfect.] 

NOTE X. 5- 

Letters of Administration to persons of Southold, granted in Suffolk County, 

after the Revolutionary War, from 1787 to 1829, inclusive. 
To William HaUlock, of Southold, yeoman, a creditor of Margaret Brown (widow). Book A. B., 1. 
of Southold, deceased. June 19, 1787. 



2. 



15. 
31. 



i86 southold's celebration. 

To Thomas Wells and Jonathan Wells, of Southold, brothers ot Joshua Wells, of 
Southold. yeoman, deceased. June 19, 1787. 

J ^^ To Isaac Tuttle Ree\ c, of Southold, yeomau, on estate of Elienezer Soper, of 
Southold, Sadler, deceased. April 33, I78S. 

14 To Benajah Gardiner, of Plumb Island, yeoman, son of Thomas Gardiner, Esquire, 
of same place, deceased. ^Vugust 30, 1788. 
To William Benjamin, yeoman, of Southold, father of William Benjamin, Jr., of 

Southold, deceased, farmer. Septemter 1, 1788. 
To Hannah Conkling-, relict of, and David Conklin (physician), and nephew of 
Thomas Conliling-, Esq., late ot Southold, deceased. December 34, 1789. 

4.^. To Silas Howell, yeoman, brother of Joseph Howell, late of Southold, yeoman, 
deceased. November 33, 1790. 

47. To HeUen Moore, widow of Zadock Mooie, late of Southold, yeoman, deceased 
April 18, 1791. 

4S. To Benjamin Wells, uncle, and John Wickham, brother-in-law of Martha Wick- 
ham, late of Southold, widow, deceased. April 18, 1791. 

49. To Calvin Cook, yeoman, son-in-law of Thomas Norris, late of Southold, yeoman, 
deceased. April 19, 1791. 

59. To Esther Tuthill, late widow and relict of Caleb Halsey, late of Southold, wea\ er, 
deceased, and Nathan Tuthill, Jr., yeoman, her husband. March 8, 1793. 

H'i. To Joanna Goldsmith, widow and relict of Gilbert Goldsmith, late of Southold, 
cooper, deceased. April 3.5, 1792. 

«;|. To James Downs, farmer, of Brook Haven, son-in-law of Mehitable Hempstead, 
late of Southold, widow, deceased. May ;10, 1792. 

«9. To Silas Howell, mariner and son of Silas Howell, late of Riverhead, tailor, de- 
ceased. December 18, 179^. 

77. To Benjamin L'Hommedieu, of Riverhead, blacksmith, brother-in-law of Benja- 
min Thompson, late ot Suffolk County, a private in the Continental Army, 
deceased. September 3">, 1793. 

81. To Eunice AVines, widow of Thomas Wines, Esq., late of Southold, deceased, 
November 37, 1794. 

83. To Samuel Hobart, carpenter, son-in-law of Benjamin King-, late of Southold, 
carpenter, deceased. April 1, 179.5. 

88. To Hull Osborn, of Southold, attorney-at-law, on estate of Jeremiah Petty, late of 
Riverhead, farmer and forgeman, deceased. April 1, 1795. 

S!>. To James Reeve, of Southold. yeoman, on estate of Thomas Wines, Esq., late of 
Southold, deceased. September 9, 1795. 

jMJ. To James Reeve, yeoman, on estate of Eunice Wines, widow of Thomas Wines, 
late of Southold, deceased. September 9, 1795. 

97. To James Brown, John Youngs and Jude Conkling-, the former creditors the latter 
widow of John Conkling-, late of Southold, farmer, deceased. May 4, 1796. 
1 T.4. To Silvia Chittenden, widow, &c., of Ambrose Chittenden, late of Southold, physi- 
cian, deceased. April 4, 1797. 
1 35. To Jedediah Corwin, a son of .Tedediah Corwin, late ot Riverhead, farmer, deceased. 

May 14, 1799. 
1 39. To Eleazer Overton, a brother of Isaac Overton, late of Southold, minister of the 
gospel, deceased. October 1, 1799. 

140. To Eleazer Overton, a brother of Joshua Overton, late of Southold, mariner, de- 

ceased. October 1, 1799. 

141. To Elizabeth Bailey, widow of James Bailey, late of Southold, carpenter, deceased. 

October 1, 1799. 
1 30. To Henry Corwin, of Riverhead, friend of David Bishop, late of Southampton, 
weaver, deceased. June 11, 1800. 
Liber C.l. To Persis Booth, widow of Constant Booth, late of Southold, mariner, deceased. 
July 1, 1800. 
3. To AmoD Tabor, son of Mary Tabor, late of Southold, widow, deceased. July 29, 
1800. 



C. B. MOORF.'s ADDRESS. 1 87 

To Caleb Woodward, of Southampton, a creditor of Amon Bebee, late of South- 5. 

old, boatman, deceased. October 8, 1800. 
To Cynthia Way, widow of Nathaniel Way, late of Southold, mariner, deceased. 2S 

October 6, 1801. 
To William Helme and Samuel Hobart, creditors of Thomas Vail, late of Southold, >i9. 

joiner, deceased. December 2, 1801. 
To John Horton, of Southampton, a friend of Patrick Waldron, late of Rlverhead, 42. 

deceased. May 5, 1802. 
To Jeremiah Youngs, a brother of Barzilla Youngs, late of Southold, mariner, 48. 

deceased. September 15, 1803. n 

To Mehetable Downs, widow of, and James Horton a friend of .Tames Downs, late 68. 

of Southold, farmer, deceased. September 13, 1803. 
To Elijah Landon, friend of Joshua Billiard, late of Southold, farmer, deceased. 70. 

October 5, 1803. 
To Abraham Luce, a friend of Lydia Grifling, late of Riverhead, deceased. Sep- St. 

tember 17, 1804. 
To Abigail Terry, widow of, and Joseph Terry, son of Gershom Terry, late of 89- 

Southold, fai-mer, deceased. May 27, 180!>. 
To Elizabeth Terry, widow of Thomas Terry, late of Southold, ship carpentei', de- 92. 

ceased. August 31, 1805. 
To Bathsheba Beebe, widow of Nathan Bebee, late of Southold, boatman, deceased. 9.3- 

August 31, 1805. 
To Gershom Edwards and AVilliam Edwards, sons, and Wm. Skidmore, son-in-law 97. 

of Gershom Edwards, late of Suffolk County, deceased. (No town given.) 

October 4, 1805. 
To Thomas Mapes, brother of Jonathan Mapes, late of Southold, cordwainer, de- 100. 

ceased. November 27, 1805. 
To Thomas Goldsmith, David Terry and Benjamin Hutchinson, friends of Eben- 102. 

ezer Jennings, late of Southold, farmer, deceased. January 8, 1806. 
To Jared Landon, Esquire, friend of Joseph Hull Goldsmith, late ol Southold. 10-1. 

farmer, deceased. January 0, 1806. 
To Rhoda Hallock, widow, and Joshua Corwin, brother-in-law of William Hallock, 1 1 4. 

late of Riverhead town, farmer, deceased. August 32, 1806. 
To Mary Albertson, widow, and Daniel Albertson, son of Richard Albei-tson, late 117. 

of Riverhead town, clothier^ deceased. December 3, 1806. 
Tu Phinehas Smith, of Southold, late the husband of Mai-y Smith, deceased. (No 119. 

town given.) January 16, 1807. 
To Josiah Albei'tson, friend of William Russell, late of Riverhead, farmer, de- liS. 

r ceased. June 3, 1807. 

f To Ezra L'Hommedieu, a creditor of John Vail, late of Southold, mariner, de- 130. 

ceased. Juno 7, 1807. , 

' To Zacheus Goldsmith, friend of Elizabeth Hempstead, late of Southold, spinster. 137. 

deceased. November 16, 1807. 
To John Paine and Matthias Case, friends of Prince Truman, late of Southold, a 139. 

black man, deceased. December 1, 1807. 
To Samuel Tuthill, of Southold, and .lames Petty, Ji-., of Riverhead, friends ot 151. 

^ William Osborn, late of Southold, farmer, deceased. February 13, 1809. 

t To Joseph Terry, Jr., friend of Jonathan Tuthill, late of Southold, mei-chant, tic- 1 53. 

f ceased. March 38th, 1809. 

To David Benjamin, nephew of .Tames Benjamin, late of Riverhead, farmer, dr 155. 

ceased. June 10, 1809. 
To Abraham Luce, friend of Richard Benjamin, late of Riverhead, cox'dwaincr, 156. 

deceased. June 10, 1809. 
To John F. Case, of Southold, brother-in-law of Jacob Howell, late of Southamp- 159. 

ton, mariner, deceased. October 5, 1809. 
To John Terry, friend of Jesse Tuthill, late of Riverhead, blacksmith, deceased. 168. 

March 28, 1810. 



i88 



SOUTHOLD S CELEBRATION. 



•i (next page.) 
it. 
4. 
IS. 
1!» 
i-iO- 
il. 

as. 

57. 

ss. 

»5. 

81. 

sr. 

94. 

99. 
101. 
10'^. 
109. 
110. 



To Henry Peters, son of Richard Peters, late of Southold, deceased. .January 7th, 
1811. 

To Benjamin H. Horton, Jr., father of Ben.iamin H. Horton, late of Mariner, 
deceased. January 17th, 1811. 

To William Corwin, l)rother, and Josiah Reeve, Jr., friend of .Toseph Corwin, late 
of Riverhead town, farmer, deceased. April 3d, 1811. 

To Susannah Osborn, widow of John Osborn, late of Southold, hatter, deceased. 
February 19, 1812. 

To Eunice Wells, widow, and Barnabas Horton, friend of William C. Wells, late of 
Southold, mariner, deceased. February 19th, 1813. 

To Da\'id Warner, of Riverhead, friend of Barnabas Furnier, late of Southamp- 
ton, mariner, deceased. February 31st, 1813. 

To Elizabeth Goldsmith, widow, and James Davis, brother-in-law to Gilbert Gold- 
smith, late of Southold, mariner, deceased. April 1st, 1812. 

To Martha Payne, widow of Samuel Payne, late of Southold, merchant, deceased. 
April 1st, 1813. 

To Nancy Davids, widow of Samuel Davids, late of Southold, merchant, deceased. 
April 1st, 1813. 

To James Overton, a nephew of Ebenezcr Overton, late of Southold, deceased. 
December 4th, 1813. 

To Daniel Wells, Jr., and Abigail WeUs, son-in-law and daughter to Henry Terry, ' 
late of Riverhead, farmer, deceased. December 17th, 1812. 

To Christiana Sliidmore, widow of John Skidmore, late of Southold, farmer, de- 
ceased. December 16th, 1812. 

To Josiah Reeve, father of Josiah Reeve, Jr., late of Riverhead, merchant, de- 
ceased. December 31st, 1812. 

To Joshua Terry, son of Henry Terry, late of Riverhead, deceased. January 7tli, 
1812. Revoked February 1.5th, 1813. 

To Samuel Dickerson and Matthias Case, friends of Eleazer Overton, late of South- 
old, deceased. Januarj' 33d, 1813. 

To Joshua Terry, and Abigail Wells, son and daughter, and Daniel Wells, son-in- 
law, of Henry Terry, late of Riverhead, deceased : " de botiis nov." February 
15th, 1813. 

To Thomas S. Lester, friend of John Godby, late of Sag- Haibor, mariner, deceased. 
June 20th, 1814. 

To Abiah Reeve, widow of Rumsey Reeve, late of Riverhead, mariner, deceased. 
June 35th, 1814. 

To Thomas S. Lester, friend of Benjamin Vail, late of Southold, deceased. Febru- 
ary 15, 1815. 

To Abraham Mulf ord, friend of William Rogers, Jr., late of Southold, blacksmith, 
deceased. April 11th, 1815. 

To Jonathan Landon, friend of Richard Peters, late of Southold, deceased. Sep- 
tember 4th, 1815. 

To Rupert Hallock, of Southold, brother of Mehettabel Hallock, late of same 
place, deceased. October 27th, 1815. 

To Jeremiah Mooi-e, brother-in-law of Joseph Hazard, late of Southold, deceased. 
January 13th, 1815. 

To James Reeve, creditor of Jeroboam, late of Southold, coloi-ed man, deceased. 
May 28th, 1816. 

To Fanny Homan, widow of Stephen Homan, late of Riverhead, deceased. May 
18th, 1816. 

To John Woodhull, of Riverhead, son-in-law to Wessel Sell, late of Brookhaven, 
deceased. June 19th, 1816. 

To Hannah Youngs, widow of John N. Youngs, late of Southold, deceased. Janu- 
ary 15th, 1817. 

To David Corwin, son of Polly Corwin, late of Riverhead, deceased. January 15th, 
1817. 



c. B. Moore's address. 189 

To Benjamin F. Horton, son ol" Jamt-s Hoi-ton, late of 8outhoM, dccieaseri. Maich 1 1*^. 

15th, 1817. 
To .Jonathan Terry, son of .Jonatlmn Terry, late of Soutliold, nuniner, deceased. 1 10. 

May 30th, 1817. 
To Samuel Terry, friend of Elisha Fithian, late of Southold, farniei-, deceased. 117. 

May 31st, 1817. 
To Peter Vail, son of Bethiah Vail, late of Southold, widow, deceased. .Unie Itiili. l'i«- 

1817. 
To Gershom Terry and Benjamin Goldsmith, .Jr., friends of Davis Goldsmith, late V£\- 

of Southold, deceased. June 16, 1817. 
To William Brown, son of William Brown, late of Southold, deceased. March 2, 131. 

1818. 
To PoUy Corwin, widow, and Jonathan Horton, friends of Daniel Corwin, late ol 14'i. 

Riverhead, deceased. October 6, 1818. 
To Martha Webb, widow, Silas Webb, son, and Joshua Fleet, son-in-law of Thomas 1 ''53. 

AVetab, late of Southold, mariner, deceased. August 5, 1819. 
To David Tuthill, friend of Robert Bailes, late of Riverhead and late a private in l'>5- 

the Revolutionary Army, deceased. October (5, 1819. 
To Israel Fanning (now living) and Asaph Youngs, friends of Peter Penny, late of 1'5>- 

Riverhead, blacksmith, deceased. November 16, 1819. 
'J'o John Hubbai-d, a creditor of Richard Brown, late of Riverhead and late a l<»^- 

private in the Revolutionary Army, deceased. December 15, 1819. 
To John Wells, brother-in-law of Benjamin Youngs, late of Southold, carpenter, l''!- 

deceased. February 38, 1830. 
To Gilbert Horton and Seth H. Tuthill, friends of Benjamin Coleman, late of 1"^- 

Southold, deceased. May 33, 1830. 
To John Gardiner, a creditor of Polly Case, late of Southold, deceased. June 38, I-'ber B.4. 

1821. 
To James W. Booth, John Gardiner and Ira Corwin, friends of Anna Way, late of '*• 

Southold, deceased. June 28, 1821. 
To Huldah Wells, widow of David Wells, late of Riverhead, deceased. October 13, !*• 

1821. . 

To David Williamson, brother-in-law of Joseph Hutchinson, late of Soutliold, dc- -'»• 

ceased. April 10, 1832. 
To Benjamin K. Hobart, friend of Russell Beckwith, late of Southold, deceased. '^*- 

October 1, 1833. 
To Samuel Tuthill, father-in-law of Richard Youngs, late of Southold, deceased. •^• 

October 1, 18*Z. 
To Nathaniel Gritting, father, and Stephen Grilling, brother of Nathaniel Grilling, <*'*• 

late of Riverhead, deceased. November 86, 1822. 
To William Brown, son-in-law of Phebe Brown, late of Southold, widow, deceased. 

December 2, 1832. 
To John Habbard, a creditoi' of John Rogers, late of Southold, merchant, deceased. 

November 19, 1822. 
To Manley Wells, brother, and Jcmathan Horton, friend of Nathaniel Wells, late *'-^- 

of Riverhead, farmer, deceased. Janviary 15, 182;}. 
To Ira Corwin and David Billard, friends of James Youngs, late of Southold, de- *''• 

ceased. May 12, 182;}. 
To Joseph Terry, Esquire, friend of Isaiah King, late of Southold, deceased. Sep- '**• 

tember 3, 1823. 
To Baldwin Gardiner, son, and Jonathan G. Horton, friend of John Gardiner, late '*''• 

of Southold, deceased. November 18, 1823. 
To Charles Booth, brother, Nathaniel Boisseau, brother-in-law, and Ruth Terry, ***• 

the niece of Hannah Wells, late of Southold, deceased. January — , 1834. 
To Lewis Sandford, of Southampton, brother of Jane Terry, late of Riverhead, **•»• 

deceased. February 10, 1834. 
To John Hubbard, brother of Thomas Hubbard, late of Southold, deceased. Octo- 
ber 15, 1834. 



31. 

3S. 



190 SOUTHOLD S CELEBRATION. 

73. To Jonathan Horton, friend of Hendrick Corwin, late of Riverhead, deceased. 

November 19, 1824. 

50. To Jolm Hubbard, friend of David Tuthill, late of Southold, deceased. May 7, 

1835. 

51. To Hannah Benjamin, widow, and Nathan Benjamin, Jr., brother of John Benja- 

min, late of Riverhead, deceased. May 3J, 1835. 
S3. To Abigail Hvibbard, widow, and James Hallock, friend of John Hubbard, late of 

Southold, deceased. June 7, 1825. 
S9. To Betsey Hutchinson, widow of Benjamin Hutchinson, late of Southold, deceased. 

October 5, 1835. 
93. To Joel Reeve, son-in-law of Eunice Wines, late of Southold, deceased. December 

33, 1835. 
too. To Daniel Bee be, brother of James Beebe, late of Southold, deceased. March 16, 

10s. To Benjamin Case, friend of David Goldsmith, late of Southold, deceased. June 

13, 1836. 
111. To J ohn Clark, son of John Clark, late of Southold, deceased. September 16, 1836. 

115. To Samuel S. Vail and Piatt T. Gould, sons-in-law of Jonathan Terry, late of 

Southold, deceased. October 4, 1826. 

116. To Suirepta Tuthill, widow of Timothy W. Tuthill, late of Southold, deceased. 

October 18, 1836. 
123. To John Woodhull, a creditor of Hector Y. Horton, late of Southold, deceased. 

February 9, 1827. 
126. To Nancy Appleby, widow, and John C. Appleby, brother of Joseph B. Appleby, 

late of Southold, deceased. March 12, 1837. 
128. To Seth H. Tuthill, brother of Noah Tuthill, late of Southold, deceased. April 6, 

1827. 
i'i9. To Ebenezer W. Case, a creditor of John Booth, late of Southold, deceased. May 

7, 1827. 
139. To William Grifling, of Riverhead, friend of .lolin Cox, late of Southold, deceased. 

Octobei- 31, 1837. 

150. To Seth H. Tuthill, a creditor of Gilbert Case, junior, late of Southold, deceased. 

July 19, 1838. 

151. To Mary G. Overton, daughter of Nathaniel Overton, late of Southold, deceased. 

August 9, 1838. 

l«a. To Ebenezer W. Case, friend of Richard Drake, late of Southold, deceased. Decem- 

ber 16, 1829. 

169. To James W. S. Davids, brother of Henry S. Davids, late of Southold, deceased. 

May 30, 1839. 

l**. To George Miller, Esq., creditor of Youngs Wells, late of Riverhead, deceased. 

October 7, 1830. 
(This completes Liber E.) 

NOTE Z. I. 

October 4th, 1662.— Signatures at Southold, appointing Capt. John Youngs 
Deputy to Hartford Court. 

Thomas More. Charles Glover. 

Thomas More. 
John Herbert. John Tooker. 

John Payne. 
Barnabas Winds. John Budd. 

Henry Case. 

Thomas Brush. 

Abraham Whichcheer. 

Richard Terry. 

Edward Pattey. 

Thomas Rider. 

Richard Benjamin. 



C. B. MOORE S ADDRESS. I9I 

Thomas Oscman. 

Joseph Youngs. 

Robert. 8myt h. 

John Tutbill. 

.leremiah Vail. 

Gideon Younjis. 

Joseph Yoiinj-'s, .lunr. 

William Halioeke. 

John BUton. 

Benjamin [Godwin or Gardner]. y 

John Booth. -^ ■ ' 

Samuel King. 

John [uncertain ; perhaps Lutrill]. 

John Curwin. 

Geofry Gons. 

John Conkelin. 

» 

Richard Brown. 
[Note— At this date we can trace, as living at Southold (besides the 33 named 
above), Kichard Clark, ship carpenter, afterwards of New Jerse.v; John Conkling', 
Junr., John Corey, Philemon Dickerson, Barnabas Horton, Joseph Horton, Caleb 
Horton, Thomas Hutchinson, 'I'homas ilapes, Benjamin More, mariner; Nathaniel 
More, shipwright; William Furrier, James Reeves, Nathaniel Silvester (Shelter 
Island); John Sweazey, William W^ells, Barnabas Winds, Junr., Pastor John 
Youngs, at least 18, making- in all 51.] 

NOTE Z. 2. 

1075, Sept. 16, an assessment list for the town was made and sent to the Cover- D. 2, 447 
nor. Each able-bodied man was valued for taxation at £18; each acre of fenced 
and cleared land at £1 : an ox at £tj; a cow at £5; a horse £12; three sheep £1; a 
hog- $1, and a yearling- £1 IDs. ; and the town was found worth £10,935 10s. : 81 per- 
sons were taxed (whose names are g-iven) for lOti men, 1318 acres, 1119 neat cattle> 
™33 horses, 333 sheep, 443 hogs, 55 g-oats, etc. Southampton at this time, at the same 
lates, was reported Avorth £13,541 16s. 8d. ; Easthampton, £6,843 16s. 8d. ; Brook- 
haven, £3,065 16s. 8d. 

There were :i5 men taxed in Southold (generally sons) besides the 81 persons 
named, making- 105 the number of residents taxed. The list names 19 persons not 164, 45. 
traced by the Rev. Dr. Whitaker as living- while Pastor Youngs was living. These 
names were Stephen Bayley, Richard Cozens, John Hallock, Jonathan Horton, 
AValter Jones, James Lee, Joseph Mapes, Thomas Moore, Junr., William Poole, 
Isaac Reeves, John Reeves, Thomas Reeves, William Reeves, Peter Simons, John 
Swezey, Jr., Joseph Swezey, Nathaniel Terry, Abraham Whithere and Samuel 
Youngs, and it doubtless includes in the 35 not named, several others. He was 
fortunate in tracing so many at his central spot. But I think all these were In the 
town and others also. These have nearly all been traced later. 

NOTE Z 3. 

In 1683, a new assessment list was sent to the Governor by Stephen Bailey, con- 
stable, Thomas Moore, senr., and others, overseers, in the same style, making the I'- 2, 535. 
total sum for taxation £10,819. It omitted 19 of the former names; and added 35 
new names. When we notice how many were deceased and how many moved 
west, we can form a fair judgment of the situation. 

NOTE Z. 4. 

A few years later in 1686, there was an official list of the inhabitants of South- 
old, Avhich gives the names of 114 families and the number of i)crsons In each 
family, making together 331 males, 399 females and "ii in addition, who were slaves. 
This list reports that in 7 years the marriages were 44, the births 151 and the 
deaths 73. 



192 SOUTHOLD S CELEBRATION. 

NOTE Z. 5- 

In 1694, there was a list ot 34 persons engaging- to supiiort a windmill on Hal- 
lock's Neck, near Southold village. 

NOTE Z. 6. 

In 1698, there was another census giving the names of all, without showing 
their ages, embracing I'S'Z families of Christians, comprising in all, young and old, 
800 persons, besides 40 Indians and 41 slaves. This list is valuable in tracing- fami- 
lies, and was used In the 3d index of Southold. 

NOTE Z. 7. 

J7(X», Nov. ai.— The Governor made a long ollicial report enclosing mmtiaroU.t 
of the Province. 

Suffolk Con lit V had 014) For L I. 

Queens Cm nil V had ..tJOlV 1495 "1 

Kings (oimtv had 380 J TolcA. 

New York ('t)untv had 684] NotonL.l. 

Westchestoi- ( 'ounty had 155 1 'r 3182 

Ulster and Dutchess Counties had... 335 [ ^*>'^ I Soldiers. 

A Ibany County had 371 J I 

Others (or Officers) 153 J 

For Southold— 3 companies : 

(Notes.) 

For Fii-st Company— Thomas Young, Capt. (son of Col. John) 

(prob. Samuel) Glover, Lieut (son of Charles) 

Richard Brown, Ensign (Sergt. in 1670) 

Second Company— Jonathan Horton, Capt (son of Barnabas) 

(prob. Jasper) Griffin, Lieut. 

^^' *^*' (prob. Thomas) Emons, Ensign. 

Third Company— Thomas Mapes, Capt. 

Joshua Horton, Lieut (son of Barnabas) 

John Booth, Ensign. 

NOTE Z. S. 

Muster Roll of Suffolk County Regiment in 1715. Secretary-of-State's Office, 
Albany ; Henry Smith, Col. ; Joseph Wickham, Lt.-Col. ; AVm. Smith, Major. 
Southold Company- 
No. 1. Benjamin Youngs, Capt. ) 

Matthias Hutchinson, Lieut. V Names given of 51 men. 
Benjamin Reeve, Ensign. \ 
No. 2. James Reeve, Capt. ) 

Samuel Hutchinson, Lieut. ^ Names given of 68 men. 
Richard Terry, Ensign. ) 

No. 3. William Booth, Capt. 

Joseph Pattey, Lieut. >Names given of 48 men. 

Daniel Youngs, Ensign. ) 

Total 167 

Of officers 9 

Southampton (3 companies), officers included 100 

Bridgehampton " 65 

Easthampton (3 compauies) " 90 

Huntington " 96 

Brookhaven " 69 

Smithtown " 24 

620 
Troop (for the County) 47 

667 
John Cooper, Captain of the Troop. 
Jonathan Baker, Cornet " 
John Benjamin, Q. Master " 
Jonathan Horton, Gierke " 



C. B. MOORE S ADDRESS. I93 

NOTE Z. 9. 

Muster Rolls for soldiers in active service before the Revolutionary War, viz. : 
In 1746, under Capt. James Fanning'. 
" 1750 to 1758, under Capt. Thomas Terry. 
" 1759, under Capt. Barnabas Tuthill. 
" 1760, under Capt. Israel Horton. 
" 1760 and 1762, under Capt. Daniel Griffing-. 

Lists of these obtained from Secretary-of-State's Ofllce, Albany, not now- 
copied. 

NOTE Z. 10. — Sample of Errors. 

After a note made to aid the recollection, less pains are taken to retain in 
memory the particulars of the note. A sample of errors may aid the fair minded. 
In the first index of Southold it was noted and printed that the first Richard 
Brown died at Southold 16th October, 1655, father of second Richard, who married 154, S. 
Hannah— deemed afterwards a daughter of William King and sister of Deliver- 
ance, wife of John Tuthill. The memory being appealed to for this date and place, 
it was answered that this was learned from the records. It was replied that 
nothing of the kind had been found by others at Southold, and asserted that he, 
Richard Brown, did not die at Southold. The place of death was thereupon given 
up and erased, but the fact and date not abandoned. Searching the records no 
Isiael Brown was found, but the family of Edward Brown who married Mary 356, 208. 
Mar tine, was traced with names of six children who had all been omitted; and it 
was found that the deed of 1665 from second Richard Brown and Hannah, his wife, 
to E. Topping (which has been seen) was omitted from the index of Southold. 164)^, 165. 
Readers will notice that the deed contains a covenant against any claims by his 
wife Hannah or his mother, implying that his mother was then living. Memory failed 166. 

to relieve us. 

These circumstances (with others) have induced a farther search, not yet satis- 
factory, but some results of which it may be proper to report, especially as they 
correct some printed errors and aid our historical view. 

Richard Jackson, of Cambridge, Mass., died iu Massachusetts, 23d June, 1672, 
eighty or ninety years old. He probat)ly married first in England before 1618, and 
may have had sons by his first wife. One Richard is traced. On 12th May, 1662, 
the oldest married (second) Elizabeth, wiiUnv of Richard Brown, supposed the noted 
luhng elder of Watertown, Mass., who came to Massachusetts in 1630, supported 
Rev. Geo. Phillips as his minister, and was a Representative of Massacnusetts from 
16;m to 1639, and in other years and repeatedly in company with T. Mayhew, and 
fiied about 1659. Tiiat Richard Brown was called the son of Thomas Brown, of ^•l'^-'^. 
Suffolk County, in England, having several brothers and being a brother or rela- 
tive of William, of Salem, Mass. He had lived in London, and became a noted 
non-conformist. On 22d May, 1639, he was fined £5 in Massachusetts for going to 
Connecticut, being sent by liis church at Watertown to Connecticut (apparently) 
to settle church dissensions there. The next September £4 15s. 3d. of the fine was 
remitted and the freemen of Watertown lined £3 for sending him away. These 
arbitrary fines indicate partisanship and lead us to study what was going on. The 
deed from Farrett for our 150 acres and to Mayhew, his companion, for Martha's 
Vineyard, and many circumstances indicate topics for examination. Bond's His- 
tory of Watertown may aid, p. 124, etc., and Th. Brooks, of Sufl'olk, and others 
later. It may somewhat help to notice the deposition of William Coolinge, of ^*' 
Newport, taken 2d April, probably 1662, and entered at Southold on 8th April, ^^*^' '■*"*•■ 
1662, showing his acquaintance with Mr. Farrett, Richard Smith, etc., Elizabeth, 
one of the daughters of Jonathan Brown, born 1719 or 1720, married 1743 
Captain WiUiam Coolidge, of Waltham, etc. ; see the large Cooledge family of 
Watertown, Mass., derived from John, an early settler, connected with Bond and 
others ; and at page 744 notice the English pedigree, tracing William, born 1592, 



194 SOUTHOLD S CELEBRATION. 

Iiiother of John, who had a son William, and tracing- another William, son of 
Thomas, etc. But they have given us no clear light. 

In the index of 154'^ it is stated that this William Coolidgc released his right to 
Plumb Island, but we have not tmuid the release. 

The deposition recorded at Southold was probably obtained by John Conk- 
ling-, Sr., to aid his claim to Lloyds Neck, by showing that Farrett did not give 
Hashamonach to Sinderlanrt iiisU'(ul of Lloyds Neck, but in- additimi to it. Mr. 
Conkliug was defeated in that, but was allowed land on West Neck, on east side 
of Cold ypi-ing- Harbor near Lloyds Neck. 

Robert Jackson, one of the original settlers of Stamford, Conn., born as early 
8, S-IO. as 1620, married Agnes, daughter of William Washbouinc, who came to Long 

Island from Sandwich with Kev. Mr. Leverich. Mr. Jackson was at Stamford, 
Conn., in 1641-42; was on a committee sent to Long- Island in 1643; crossed the 
sound to Hempstead Harbor, L. 1., in the Spring of 1644, and aided a settlement ai 
14. 1 59. Hempstead village (perhaps as a carpenter) ; became one of the English proprietoi-s 

of Hempstead, L. I., west of the truce line. He afterwards was present at a pur- 
(^hase from Indians iu 1656, (he and another gave them two great kettles, perhaps 
wanted as helmets) ; was applicant for a patent at Jamaica ; had 20 cattle, 13 cows, 
2 calves, 37 acres of meadow in 1657 ; made 20 lengths of the general fence in 1658 ; 
was presented to the Governor for a magistrate in 1662 and appointed ; had a 
house southeast from Hempstead village in 1664 ; was chosen constable (highest 
town office) in 1671 ; was Schepen under the Dutch in 1673 ; was one of the over- 
seers of the town iu 1676 ; agieed (at the head of the list) to contribute £2 yearly 
towards the suppoit of Rev. Jeremiah Hobart, brother of the second pastor of 
Southold ; made his will dated 25th May, 1683, which was recorded in the County 
Clerk's office of Queens County, Liber A, p. 11, in 1687— the oldest will so recorded, 
he dying- in that year. 

His son John became the first Col. John Jackson of Queens County, and died 
in 1725. He held many public offices. He married Elizabeth, daughter of John 
Seaman, son-in-law of our Thomas Moore, of Southold, and had a large family, 
including- the second Col. John. Robert Jackson's daughter Martha in 1667, mar- 
ried Nathaniel Coles, of Oyster Bay. His daughter Saiah became the wife of 
Nathaniel, the son of Thomas Moore, shipwright, of Southold, and received a 
bequest by Robert Jackson's will in 1683. He, Nathaniel, became an active ship 
master, was employed to carry furniture to Lloyds Neck in 1678, lived until 20th 
April, 1698, acquii-ed land in Westchester County and left a will, in which he caller! 
Jeremiah Vail his brother-in-law. It was hastily supposed from this that he had 
married a sister of Jeremiah Vail; but this was afterwards found to be an error. 
Vail had married Anne, the widow of Nathaniel's brother, Benjamin Moore, and 
in that way was his brother-in-law. Sarah, daughter of Robert Jackson, survived 
Nathaniel Moore, and died his widow on 10th June, 1733. Their son, Nathaniel 
Moore, Jr., died unmarried in 1699. Their daughter Hannah married John Terry 
(No. 654 of index, son of Rlchai'd) and left many descendants. Their daughter 
Abigail married Isaac Overton— page 502 of index. Their daughter Elizabeth mar- 
ried Christopher Youngs (No. 743 of Index), and their daughter Deborah married 
John Boisseau, the Huguenot. Theii- was another daughter, probably unmarried. 

NOTE Z II. — Sample of Errors, No. 2. 

Col. John Youngs, son of the pastor, should have a fuller display. His will 
has been mentioned, dated in 1696-7, and recorded at New York in . . . 1698. 
in Liber 5, p. "^93. He survived his eldest son John, who married a daughter of 
William Wells, and left a son Daniel. The latter was treated by the Colonel's will 
as principal devisee, being his heir-at-law. But Col. John named in his will and in 
deeds his daughters, Deborah Longworth and Maitha Gardiner. The latter had 
married David, a grandson of Lion Gardiner, and she survived him, becoming-, 
Avith her son David, an executor of her husband's will, which was proved on 18th 



C. B, MOORE ? ADDRESS. I95 

June, 1733, and copied in G 87, p. 85; but Martha, by error, was not treated as a 
daughter of Col. John. She joined her brother-in-law Longworth, a shipwright, 
in a release to hei- brother Thomas. There were so many named Youngs that 
errors were hard to be avoided. Many errors occurred, and several ol this 
character. 

In writing the abo\e, I have, in every case where I could, given the occupa- 
tion and relationship of administrators and intestate, and where they were of 
different towns 1 have so stated. 



196 southold's celebration. 

At the conclusion of the address of Charles B. Moore, 
Esquire, the chairman said : By request, the old-time song 
of " Liberty," which was sung this afternoon in the 
Grove by representatives of four generations of de- 
scendants of David Horton, the chorister of the First 
Church of Southold during the first thirty years of the 
present century, will be repeated. The song was accord- 
ingly sung. 

The chairman then said: "The Pilgrims' Planting," 
the words and music of which may be found on the last 
page of the printed programme, will now be sung by the 
choir, and the congregation is respectfully invited to 
join in singing it. The congregation rose and sang with 
the choir. 



THE pilgrims' PLANTING. 



197 



iHht ^ili^mx^' f lautiuj). 



Words bv Rev. E. WHITAKER. D.D. Aug. 186T. 
J— 100. 

— 0—,—0 — »-• 




i— 



Music l)y D. P. TI. Aug, 1S67. 






1.0- ver the sea to uu - known shore, Ex - iles of faith the 
2. Here shall that Cross for - ev - er stand, Sym-hol of life to 



m^ 



I ^ ■•- ♦___■•: 

:»i=z^-=:s==t^t=EigS3=z=»-?4=t:=itz=f:=i^i==rrz 

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5 C — « 0-^^ — € i—0- •- J 



Pil - grims came; 
dy - iug souls; 



Free - dom they songht, not gold - en ore, 
Firm as a rock, 'mid shift - iug sand, 



i^^E^i^ 






■0- ■0- , ■0- 

-I 1 — I 1 5 1 



" " rust His name. Sigh - ing, the 
o - cean rolls. Vi - tal anc 



God's Book their law, their trust His name. Sigh - ing, they left their 
Where in his wrath the o - cean rolls. Vi - tal and fair a - 

■m- -0- ' -0- -0- ^SS__ 



P=£=35 



-=F- 




Fa - ther-land, Tra - cing the flight of Lib - er - ty. Here, on this 
bides that tree, Throw-ing its arms to eve - ry wind, Un - der its 

-J- -'• -' 



-< I . 1 



3=?= 



:t: 



:t= 



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^^ r 




J I J_,— ^^! ^— „ 



spot that faith -ful band, Plant -ed the Cross and Freedom's Tree, 
shade far aye shdll be, 

I 



Best and de- light for all man-kind. 






198 SOUTHOLD S CELEBRATION. 

The chairman said : The Rev. Dr. Whitaker will now 
read letters of regret from the Honorable Benjamin Har- 
rison, President of the United States, and from the Rev- 
erend Proby L. Cautley, Vicar of Southwold, Rural 
Dean of North Dunwich and ex-Diocesan Inspector of 
Schools of Suffolk County, England. 

The Rev. Dr. Whitaker stated that letters of regret had 
been received not only from the President of the United 
States, and from the Reverend Vicar of Southwold, but 
also from the following gentlemen, namely : 

General Benjamin F. Tracy, LL.D., Secretary of the 
Navy of the United States. 

General Stewart L. Woodford, LL.D., formerly Lieu- 
tenant Governor of the State of New York. 

The Honorable John Jay, LL.D., President of the 
American Historical Association. 

Professor Franklin B. Dexter, M. A., Secretary of Yale 
University. 

The Rev. Samuel E. Herrick, D.D., Boston. 

The Hon. Thomas R. Trowbridge, Secretary of the 
New Haven Colony Historical Society. 

Clarence W. Bowen, Ph.D., Treasurer of the American 
Historical Association. 

Theodore S. Woolsey, LL.B., M.A., Professor of Inter- 
national Law, Yale University. 

The Rev. Charles E. Hiscox, Greenport. 

Joseph Newton Hallock, M.A., editor and proprietor 
of the " Christian at Work." 

Thomas Young, LL.B., Judge of the County of Suf- 
folk, New York. 

The Rev. Dr. Whitaker then read the following letters : 

Executive Mansion, Washington, 

July 14th, 1890. 
The Rev. • Epher Whitaker, D.D., Chairman, etc., 
Southold, N. Y. 
My Dear Sir : Your letter of the 3d inst., extending to 
me an invitation to attend the exercises connected with 



LFTTERS OF REGRET. 



199 



the observance of the 250th anniversary of the Town of 
Southold, and of the First Church of that town, has been 
icccived. While fully appreciating the historic interest 
of the occasion, I regret to be compelled to decline the 
invitation. My public duties will almost certainly re- 
quire my presence in Washington during the month of 
August ; and if I should by any chance be able to get 
away, another invitation would have to be given a pre- 
ference by reason of a conditional acceptance alread} 
given. 

Very respectfully yours, 

Benjamin Harrison. 



Sou-THWOLD Vicarage, Suffolk, 

July 22, 1890. 

Dear Sir: Many thanks for your letter of the 5th 
instant, and the kind invitation to be present at the cele- 
bration of the 250th anniversary of Southold Town. 

I much regret that my many engagements for August 
will unfortunately prevent me from accepting it. Noth- 
ing would have given me greater pleasure than being 
present with you on the occasion, and it is a very great 
disappointment to me my having to refuse. The names 
of Tuthill, Youngs, Moore, King and Whitaker are still 
extant amongst us, and the Palmers, Rogers and Hurrs 
have from time immemorial been vei"y common here. 
Enclosed are extracts from the Parish Register Book, 
which dates back to 1602, of the King, Harrison, Moore, 
Youngs and Whitaker families, which perhaps may inter- 
est you and those whom it may concern. 

1 am having the old Register Book copied, which 1 
propose, when finished, presenting to the church or town 
of Southold. 

South wold was spelt in various ways, -the most com- 
mon being Suwald, Suwalda, Sudholda, Southwald, 
vSouthwood, Sowthwould. See Gardiner's Dunwich. 

Asking you to convey my thanks to the commit- 



200 SOUTHOLD S CELEBRATION. 

tee for their kind invitation, and my regret at not being 
able to accept it, 

Believe me to remain, 

Yours very truly, 

Proby L. Cautley, 
Rural Dean of North Diinwich and 
ex- Diocesan Inspector of Schools. 
To the Rev. Epiter Whitaker, D.D. 

The Chairman, Hon. Henry A. Reeves, said : Here is a 
letter to Dr. Whitaker, Chairman of the Committee of 
Arrangements, written by the editor of the " Christian at 
Work," a native of our town, and personally known to a 
large number p)resent. Perhaps by reason of a fortu- 
nate interest in the author of it, 1 have been requested to 
read it. 

New York, August 20, 1890. 

To the Rev. Epher Whitaker, D.D., Chairman of 
Committee : 
My Dear Dr. Whitaker: Your cordial invitation to 
be present and take part in the anniversary exercises at 
Southold on the 27th of August was duly received. 1 
have purposely put off answering it till the last moment, 
hoping, Micawber like, that something would turn up 
whereby I could see my way to change or postpone my 
anticipated outing and so be with you. When I received 
your letter 1 had already definitely arranged for a lengthy 
trip South and West — through Texas, California and 
the Rocky Mountains. Now, one of the very first things 
I foimd out at College was that " One and the same 
body cannot occupy two distinct places at one and the 
same time." 1 here state this truism in the language 
given in Olmsted's Philosophy, but I presume I had 
learned it long before I ever saw any philosophy, and 
only lacked these concise terms in which to express it. 
I happen to be myself the " same body," and as Southold 



LETTERS OF REGRET. 



and San Francisco are two quite "separate and dis- 
tinct places," the former especially so just now, I can 
scarcely hope to compass them both at the same time. 
I shall, therefore, have to content myself while on my 
way to the Golden Gate with simply reading the ac- 
count of your good time at Southold and wishing 1 were 
there. 

As a son of old Southold township I rejoice in its pros- 
perity and renown. It is one of the brightest and sun- 
niest of places, and how the Mayflower could have con- 
sented to land on the " stern and rockbound coast " of 
New England, where the stormy waves were " dashing 
high," when such a glorious harbor as Southold was 
near at hand, is a mystery which 1 never have been able 
to fathom. If John Robinson and his faithful band had 
disembarked here and sunned themselves on the beauti- 
ful shore of the Peconic, instead of that barren Ply- 
mouth rock, who knows the softening influence it might 
have had on the Puritan character. Columbus, too, evi- 
dently did not more than half know what he was about, 
or he never would have landed where he did, on one of 
those out of the way and unheard of islands on that 
memorable 12th of October, 1492. Only think of his 
sailing away down South, and finally landing at Cat 
Island, when he could have come right up to our beau- 
tiful bay, past the lovely heights of Shelter Island, and 
landed so easily at Southold harbor. 1 always felt that 
he made a great mistake in his selection of localities, 
and that Southold presents advantages from which to 
discover a continent, compared t(j which Cat Island, San 
Salvador, and all the Bahamas sink into insignificance. 
However, he did not know this at the time, for Southold 
had not then held her 250th anniversary. She has also 
greatly improved since his day, and it is no more than 
the truth for me to add that no one has had more to do 
with her improvement or deserves greater praise for 
his efforts in this behalf than yourself, I remember 
when a boy the impression for good your sermons and 



202 SOUTHOLD S CELEBRATION. 

talks always left with me. By your long and faithful 
work for Christianity and your untiring and effective 
efforts to advance the cause of Christ and the condition 
of the community in which you have so long resided, 
you are justly entitled to the gratitude of every son of 
Southold. 

T presume it is largely by your efforts that our old town 
has this glorious celebration of the anniversary of her 
quarter millennial — an event that can occur but once in 
one's lifetime, and that only after many generations. For 
the next 250 years this anniversary shall sound her 
praises and be remembered throughout the entire coun- 
try. In this connection allow me to most heartily con- 
gratulate you and the township of Southold that you 
have the eloquent and beloved Dr. Storrs, America's 
first orator, to deliver the commemorative address. His 
presence alone is a benediction, and no other living man 
could fill his place. If the sun is verging toward the 
west for him and the evening clouds are beginning to 
gather in the sky, as he told us lately, still a more radiant 
glory pervades them and seems to shine about him as the 
years glide by. 

Wishing both him and yourself, my dear Doctor, as 
long and as happv lives as they have been active and use- 
ful, and with the hope that you may have few clouds and 
pleasant weather all through — especially on the eventful 
27th — I remain, very sincerely yours, 

J. N. Hallock. 

The chairman said : " The Ship of State," as printed 
on the programme, will now be sung by the choir and 
the congregation standing. It was sung as follows : 

THE SHIP OF STATE. 

Sail on, sail on, thou Ship of State ! 
Sail on, O Union, strong and great ! 
Humanit}', with all its fears, 
Is hanging breathless on thy fate ! 
We know what Master laid thy keel, 



THE FOUNDERS. 2O3 

What workmen wrought thy ribs of steel. 

Who made each mast, each sail, each rope, 

What anvils rang, what hammers beat 

In what a forge, in what a heat, 

Were shaped the anchors of thy hope ! 

Fear not each sudden sound and shock, 

'Tis of the wave, and not the rock ; 

'Tis but the flapping of the sail. 

And not a rent made by the gale ! 

In spite of rock and tempest's roar. 

In spite of false lights on the shore. 

Sail on, nor fear to breast the sea, 

Our hearts, our hopes, our prayers, our tears, 

Our faith triumphant o'er our fears. 

Are all with thee, are all with thee. 



The Rev. Dr. Whitaker, Pastor of the First Church 
and Chairman of the Committee of Arrangements, closed 
the celebration with the apostolic benediction in these 
words of the Holy Scriptures: 

" The grace of the Lord Jesus Christ, and the love of 
God, and the communion of the Holy Ghost, be with 
you all. Amen." 

The following verses were written for the celebration 
by the pastor of the church, but were not read during 
the day : 

THE FOUNDERS. 

Five semi-centuries of years ! 

How swift beyond the starry spheres 

Their flight has winged its way, 
Since, full of hope and faith sublime, 
Our fathers, in the bright spring time, 

First sailed Peconic Bay. 

With Christian courage, love and zeal, 
They landed here. For common weal 

They formed a church and town. 
Religion, freedom, law and right ! 
They wrought for these, with all their might, 

Nor feared a tyrant's frown. 



204 southold's celf.bhation. 

The desert owns their hardy toil, 
Their cheerful hands turn up the soil 

More fragrant than the rose. 
The virgin fields with grain are bright, 
And active life brings with the night 

The balm of sweet repose. 

The dwellings multiply apace, 

While spring to autumn runs the race. 

And homely comforts grow. 
The children go to school by day ; 
They learn to walk the Christian way ; 

With health their faces glow. 

The meeting house on Sabbath days 
Is vocal with the prayer and praise 

Of godly worshippers. 
The faithful pastor in his place 
Expounds the«word of truth and grace. 

And every bosom stirs. 

No despot's hand, with cruel wrong, 
Can bind in chains and fetters strong 

These worshippers of God. 
They own the land, they make the laws, 
No man can suffer but for cause, 

For justice holds the rod. 

For us, they crossed the stormy sea ! 
For us, they planted liberty ! 

How rich its fruit to-day ! 
May all her children worthy be 
To share the birthright of the free ! 

For this, () God, we pray. 

O sons of freedom, men of might, 
O women, full of faith and light, 
We own our debt to you. 
In love to men and love to God, 
The path of right you nobly trod. 
4 And gave to all their due. 

Your course of life upon the earth 
Gives your example priceless worth 

To all who know your ways. 
Oh, may your virtues us incite. 
To do our best with all our might, 

Until we end our days. 



205 



INDEX. 



PAGE 

Abbott, Rev. Bennett T., prayer of 23-25 

singing by .* 90, 107 

Acceptance of the Bible gives greatness and strength 57 

Ackerly, Robert, home lot of 128 

Acquebogue, purchase of... 170 

Administiatioii, early letters of 181-190 

Adolphus, Gustavus 31 

Ad Te Domine . 15, 37 

Esthetic art 46 

Agrarian theories 47 

Agricultural Society of Suffolk County 76 

Alexander, Sir William, Earl of Sterling, creates knights baronets 121 

death of 123 

descendants of 123 

early grants to 121 

grant to, from Plymouth Company 122 

marriage connections of 121 

receives grant of Long Island 121 

Algonquin Bible and catechism 35 

AUerton family, genealogy of 178 

AUerton, Isaac 129, 161, 162 

Alliance of New England Colonies 34 

" American Annals "' 126 

American history, when, if ever, it wUl close in shame 65 

American life, what it is 62, 63 

American people, character of 63 

Anarchists would wreck the State 52 

Ancestors' candor, courage, conscience 80, 81 

Ancient kingdoms, why weak 54 

Anne of Austria 31 

Anniversary celebrations beneficent 29 

Arbitrary power 42 

Arrangements, committee of 4-9, 21, (57, 68, 72, 99 

Assessment list in 1675 191 

in 1683 191 

" A thousand years, my own Columbia " 90 

Associated Press, representative of 20 

Assyi'ia's want 54 

Auditors of Southold 3 

Authors quoted or referred to. . . .27, a5, 4H, 49, 71, 73, 75, 83, 88, 89, 109-114, 116, 117, 119, 

125-132, 139, 141, 112, 158, 1(53, 174, etc. 
Aztec empire, cause of sudden fall of 55 

BaUou, Rev. J. H., ode by 97 

Scripture read by 26 

Bands invited 6 

in the procession 69 

at Oak Lawn 72, 73, 93, 9s 



2o6 INDEX. 

PAGE 

Baibadocs, government of, in 1651 1^ 

sun-ender of, to Ascue 1*'0 

Barbarians in Africa aurt elsewhere •> 39 

Battle of Bunker Hill ^^ 

Concord ^^ 

Heights of Abraham 95 

Lutzen '^^ 



Saratofi 



95 



Sempach ^ 

the Boyne 124 

Baxter, Richard, Call to the Unconverted of 36 

Bay Path 33 

Bay Psalm Book 35 

Beaver on Long Island 131 

Benedict, Thomas 134, 150, 151 

creek of 135 

Benedict family, genealogy of 178 

Benediction by Rev. Edward S. Wheeler 67 

by Rev. Dr. Whitaker 303 

Benjamin, Richard ''^0 

Bible, ancient of Barnabas Horton 3tt 

Bibliography 109-114 

Bicycles, riders on, in the procession 68 

Birds in Southold 130 

Boats formerly necessary 130 

Bonaparte, Napoleon ^ 

Bondage in Egypt 42 

Booth, Barnabas H 4, 8 

Booth, John ™ 

Boswell, Sir William 135 

Boundary line between Dutch and English 131, 154, 173 

Bowen, Clarence W., Ph.D., letter received from 198 

Boyne, battle of the 134 

Bradstreet, Anne, poems of 35 

Brandenburg, Elector of 33 

Bridges, absence of, f ormeily 131 

Brookhaven, wheat of 75 

Budd, Lieut. John 70, 118 

eai'ly in New Haven 137 

Southold's earliest military officer 148 

Bunker Hill, battle of 95 

Bunyan, John, " Pilgrim's Progress "of 35 

Cambildge press, work of 36 

Canoe in the procession 68 

Carmand or Hammond, owner of Robbins Island 150 

Carriages in the procession 68-71 

Cart and oxen in the i)rocession 68 

Case, Henry 70 

Case, Joseph Wickham, notes of, in printed Town Records 178 

Cauliflowers, cultivation of, in Southold 75 

Cautley, Rev. Proby L., Vicar of SouthwoM 7, 198 

letter of 199,200 

Cavalcade in the procession 68 

Cellars and ditches leave traces 133 

Census of Southold in 1686 191 

in 1698 193 

in 1890 77 



INDEX. 207 

PAGE 

Census of Shelter Island in 1890 77 

Changes of 350 years 36,37 

Charlemagne, service of, for Saxons 56 

Charles First, death of 30 

despotism of 125 

disciple of Selden's Ma/re Clausum 125 

forbids disorderly trade with Indians 124 

Parliaments of 116 

Charles Second, return of, to England 30, 171 

grants Long Island to his brother James. 173 

makes war against the Dutch 174 

Charter to Connecticut granted in 1663 172 

Chinese worship 79 

Choir, singing by 33, 26, 67, 77, 91, 97, 107 

Choirs of the town invited 6 

Christian missions, beneficent effects of 56 

Christina, enthroned, chai-acter of 31 

Civilization, progressive from composite stock 44 

Civil war in America, effect of, on the nation 37 

needful for the unity of the nation 50 

in Great Britain 155 

Cliff-dwellers 40, 47 

Code of Southold's founders 61 

Colonies, difficulties of settling 117 

of eastern Long Island 94 

self government of 94 

United, of New England' 34, 94 

Cochran, William A., Town Clerk 3 

Cochrane, William, and wife, of Southwold, England 142 

Columbus, Christopher, achievement of 84 

attempt to conceal his discovery 117 

Committee of the Town 4 

of the Eirst Church 4 

of Aj-rangements 4-7, 11 

Executive 5, 7, 8 

Music 5-8 

Reception 8 

Finance 8, 9 

Luncheon 9 

Platform and Grounds 9 

Decoration 9 

Hospitality 9, 10 

Historic Sites 10 

Stenography and Printing 10 

Committees appointed 8-10 

Communion with the Invisible 61 

Conception of cosmical progress 54 

Concord, battle of 95 

Confucius 41 

Connecticut, founders of 151 

gave up Long Island 173 

received a charter 172 

Southampton joined to 151 

Southold joined to 172 

Consecration, a condition of power 54 

Constable, Cromwell content with this title 138 

Contest inevitable until the millennium 50 

Corey, John 70 



2o8 INDEX. 

PAGE 

Corwin, Rev. Dr. Edward T 137 

Corwin, Matthias '^^ 

genealogy of ^^^ 

Cosmical plans, character and effect of 42 

Creative spirits, rare 41 

Creek, Philemon Dickerson's "0 

Thomas lienedict's 1^ 

Cromwell, Oliver, career of 153 

death of, and its conse(inences • • ■ • 170 

Cnice et aratro, motto of monks 1" 

Cutchogue Veteran Drum Corps ^^ 

Davenport, Rev. John, in New Haven 136, 144 

Davis, Salem R., Town Auditor 3 

Day of the celebration chosen for convenience 5 

Decay, causes of moral and social 48 

Decoration committee 5,9,19 

Decorations of church and village 19 

Delaware in 1640 <^ 

Delegates of Historical Societies 20 

Denton, Rev. Richard 1*>8 

Daniel, son of, " Brief Description " by 168 

Depravation of moral and physical life, causes of 43 

Deputies to New Haven, and taxes paid there 180 

Development of modern States 43 

Dc Witt, John 31 

Dexter, Prof. Franklin B., letter receiNCd from .• 198 

Dickerson, Samuel, proprietor of Oak Lawn 70 

Dickerson's Creek 70 

tidal waters of 71 

Differences among- peoples 43 

Director of the procession 7, 10, 67, 70 

Discrediting revelation ruinous to society . . . : 56 

Disorder in England from 1640 to 16.50 140 

" Distance lends enchantment to the view " of ancestors 86 

Divine plan contemplates conditions and processes 43 

Divine purpose in the development of States 41 

woi'ks by means 42 

the philosophy of history 42 

Division line on Long- Island 131, 154, 173 

Doughty, Rev. Francis 130 

Drum corps, veteran of Cutchogue 13, 68, 72 

Dutch crowd English off...'. 147 

Dutch grants favoring- Englisli 170 

Duty of men now *'•' 

Eai-ly settlers' names on Main street 70 

Early Southold's robust and resolute life 61 

East End towns, character of 96 

Eastern Long Island colonies 94 

East Hampton in 1683 asked a free Assembly 94 

East Hampton and Southampton's congratulations 96 

Eaton, Theophilus, in New Haven 126 

Edict of emancipation 37 

of Nantes 31 

Egypt's want 54 

Elect peoples assigned and prepared for progress 41 

Eliot, Rev. John, Algonquin Bible ol 35 

Algonquin Catechism of 35 

Indian Primer of 36 



INDEX. 209 

PAGE 

Elvin, Richard, of Great Yarmouth 144 

Emancipation, President Lincoln's edict of 37 

Endicott, Gov. John, ag-ainst Thomas Morton 49 

English and German speaking- peoples, advance of 4i 

Enthusiasm for public advancement 51 

Enviroumentj-secondary cause of progress :i9 

in some regions enfeebles men 'V> 

Ermine, instinct of , 81 

Europe, central and southern, commingling- of barbarous tribes in 4:i 

Evacuation day in New York 9r» 

Evelyn, .John, quoted 158, 174 

Evening- meeting of the celebration 9S 

Family names in Southold 85 

Fanning-'s Point 15ft 

Farrett, James, claim of, to Shelter Island 137 

difficulties of 13;^, 134 

Gov. Winthrop's treatment of 123 

granted Martha's Vineyard , 134 

grant of, for Gardiner's Island 133 

grant of, for Shelter Island 133 

grant of , for Southampton 122 

g-i'ant of, to Matthew Sunderland confirmed 122 

mortgaged all Long Island 123 

protested against Tomlyns and Knowles 124 

Farrington, Thomas and Edmund 147 

Fenwick, George, and others, mortgagees of all Long Island 128 

Feudalism's disappearance in Japan 57 

Finance Committee .5, 8, 9 

Finns, colony of 33 

Firearms sold by Dutch to Indians 148 

Firemen in the procession US 

Fish in Southold 13(1 

Flag, national 10 

of German fatherland 69 

of the stars and bars 50 

of the Union 19 

of the nations W 

Force, Thomas Burton, odes of 16, 17, 78, 93 

Forces, inimical social, to be vanquished 49 

Forester, Capt. Andrew, seized by the Dutch 184 

Fort at Cutchogue 133 

Forts, old, in Southold 132 

Forum Romanum 36 

Foster, Nat. W., address of 74-77 

Founders of Southold, ode on 203, 204 

French and Indian war 95 

Fruits of loyalty ^ 

Fur animals in Southold 1 131 

Gardiner, Lyon 1^2, 153 

Gardiner's Island, Farrett's deed for 122 

Gautama, influence of *1 

Genealogical and Biographical Society's numbers of books 109-114 

Genesis of philosophy 46 

Germany in the Thirty Years' War -^2 

Germans in the procession 69 

German tribes, sovereign ideas of ■">6 



2IO INDEX. 

PAGE 

Giflford, Abram, Town Auditor 3 

Gildersleeve, John E., Town Auditor 3 

Glover, Lieut. Charles 120, 148 

Glover, Charles E., Town Auditor 3 

God's word, the g'rand civilizing force 56 

Goldsmith, Rev. John 143 

Goodyear, Stephen, and Shelter Island 127, 149 

buys land opposite Shelter Island 127, 150 

deed to, for Shelter Island 132 

second wife and daughter of 150, 151 

Grapes in early Southold 130 

Greatness, how obtained 53 

Greece of old lacked wide moral conceptions 54 

Griflan, Augustus, " Journal " of 177 

Grotius on Mare Liherum 125 

Groves of Oak Lawn 71 

Growth of the American people, whence 58 

Hale, Nathan, patriotism of 53 

Hallock, Joseph N., M. A., Editor of Christian at Work, letter of 20(>-203 

Hampden, John 31 

Harrison, Gen. Benjamin, President of the United States, letter of 198, 199 

Hartford in 1640 33 

Harvard College in 1640 34 

Hashamommuch, early owners of 134 

pioneers of 135 

formally joined to Southold 135 

Hebrew nation, an elect people 41, 42 

course of 42, 43 

Hedges, Hon. Heniy P., representative of Southampton 6 

address of 93-97 

Heights of Abraham, battle of 95 

Hemans, Mrs. Felicia, ode of 67 

Herbert, John 70, 161 

Herman, Augustin, of Bohemia Manor 129 

Herrick, Rev. Samuel E., D.D., letter received from 198 

Hindrances to social progress 47 

Hiscox, Rev. Charles E., letter received from 198 

Historical authorities 109-114 

Historical Inquiry defined 115 

Historical sites, committee to mark 10 

History of Southold, Whitaker's 61, 177 

Hobart, Rev. Peter 143 

Hollanders on the Hudson in 1640 129 

Holland's dauntless spirit 48 

Hopefulness and courage born of work 46 

Horses for war in 1653 165 

Horton, Barnabas, family Bible of 26 

genealogy of 178 

Horton, Barnabas B., gun of '^^ 

Horton, David, former chorister 73 

Horton, David P 5-8,10,11,15-18,26,27,77,78,92 

chairman of Music Committee 5 

gives the use of his copyright music 7 

leader of the choir 22, 26 

music arranged by l^i ^7 

music of lfr-18, 78, 92, 197 

Horton's Point lighthouse 95 



INDEX. 211 

PAGE 

Hospitality Uoinniittee 5, 9, 10 

Hostile forces to be overcome 48 

Hostility of the Dutch to Southold planned 132 

Southold's defence against 13^ 

Howe, Capt., vessel of 14" 

Hudson, Henry, sailed past Long Island in 1609 117 

Hudson Kivei', sources of 9:5 

Human nature, how honored 53 

Huntting:, Henry, Treasurer of the Committee of Arrangements 4 

Huntting, Jonathan W., Town Auditor 3 

Town Clerk 177 

Town Meeting's Pi-esident 4 

Iberian blood of Spanish invaders &•"> 

Ideologists, political, in a young community 47 

Immigrants, English, Dutch, Swedes 34 

Improvement, best rules for 115 

Tncas, fallof 55 

Incunabula of New England 36 

Indexes of Southold, Charles B. Moore, author of 6 

sources, preparation and printing of 177 

Indian Primer made by Eliot 36 

Indians of Southold .' 40, 133-136, 164 

trouble with 166 

Indians, change in the power of 34 

disarming in Southold 164 

of Southold 13a 

of Shelter Island 134 

selling arms to — 153 

unti-ustworthy 187 

war among them in Southold 160 

Inimical social forces to be vanquished 49 

Inspii'ation of the fathers 65 

Instinct for excitement, effect of 45 

Intellect, effort of, in relation to labor 46 

Introduction by Kev. Dr. Whitaker 3-10 

Introdiiction to address of Charles 15. Moore, Esquire 109-114 

Inventories, early, pathos of 58 

abstracts of 180, 181 

Islands of the Morning, changes in the 57 

Jackson, Richai-d, sells house and land, Oct. 23, 1640 137, 150 

Jackson, Richard, relatives of 193, 194 

.lackson, Robert and John 194 

Janseuists condemned by Urban Eighth 33 

.lapan's first popular election 57 

grounds of hope 57 

Jay, Hon. John, LL.D., letter received from 198 

Keepsakes 77 

Ketcham, John, bought Richard Jackson's place 150 

King Philip, character of 41 

Kingsley, Charles, quotation from 48 

Kodak unused by Southold's early dames 86 

Ku-klux, hideous caricature of Indians 34 

Labor, fruits of 45, 46 

Lack in ancient kingdoms 54 



2 12 INDEX. 

PAGE 

Lamb, Mrs. Martha J., invited guest 6 

description by 71 

Lands to be recorded l''^^ 

Landing- of the Pilgrim Fathers • 12, 67 

Landon, Jared and Samuel, Surrogates 184 

Language often lost H^ 

Large thoughts of God and His ways give power 60 

Laud, time of • ^ 

Law, difference between English and Scotch 134, 139 

Laws and penalties necessary 49 

Leadership of the minister 60 

19 



Legends in church decoi-ations 

Legislation, wise, a growth 49 

Letters of administration, early 181, 182 

before the revolution 184, 185 

after the i-evolution 18.5-190 

Lexington, battle of ^^ 

L'Hommedieu house "^^ 

" Liberty "sung 73^ 196 

Libraries and colleges, roots of ^ 

Line of division between Southold and Southampton 153 

English and Dutch on Long Island 131, 154, 173 

List of boolis, referred to.. 109-114 

of inhabitants of Southold in 1663 WO, 191 

in 1675 191 

in 1683 191 

in 1686 191 

of supporters of wind-mill in 1694 • • 193 

Literature of America "* 

Literature, rise of ™ 

Littell, Rev. William H., prayer of 105-107 

Lockermaus, Govert, sold arms to Indians 153 

Longfellow, Henry W., quoted "^^ 

Long Island, battle of ^•'' 

eai'Uest descriptions of 129 

early explorations of 116, 117 

ode and music 1''^' 92 

subject to Charles Second's grant 121 

Long Island Railroad's special trains 20 

Long ParUament '^ 

Lord Protector of England 30 

Lord's Day's instruction and worship 56 

Loss of reverence suicidal ^^ 



Louisburg, capture of. 
Louis XIV., reign of. 



95 
31 

Love, highest, should be for what ? 66 

of freedom and respect for law 140 

Loyalty, nature of ■ • • ^2 

Luncheon committee :>, 9, 6* 

Luncheon provided "7 

Lutzen, battle of ^1 

Lynn people on Long Island 1*^ 

Magazine of American History 6, 71 

Magazines, current 36 

Mason, Capt. John, tract of H^ 

character and deeds of 120 

Massacre of Protestants on St. Bartholomew's 33 

of Southern Vii'ginians by Indians • • ■ 118 



INDEX. 213 

PAGK 

Master minds, force of 41 

Master worlanen 47 

MattitiK'k, purchase of 170 

Mayhew, Thomas, purchaser of Martha's Vineyard 124, 193 

Meeting-s of the Arrangements Committee 4, 5 

of the Celebration, forenoon 31 

afternoon 72 

evening . SW 

Mexican war 96 

Middleton, Oapt. Thomas 149 

Militia rolls of tiie Province in 17(H) 193 

Military officers of Southold in 1700 193 

in 1715 193 

Mills, llichard, of Southampton 159 

Mommetoun, Sachem of Carchalie 153 

Monk, General 156 

Mouths, numbers of the several, formerly 135 

Montauk lighthouse 95 

Moore, Charles II., Esquire, author of Pei'sonal Inde.ves of Southold 6, 14 

address of 109-195 

Mooie, John, opposed selling- arms to Indians 159 

Moore, Martha, wife of Thomas 143, 144 

Moore, Thomas 136, 143, 144, 150, 161, 164, etc. 

buys Capt. Underbill's house 163 

surrenders the bark "Prince of Conde" 162 

Moore, William H. Helme, Esquire .4,8,11 

Moors, expulsion of , from Spain 33 

Moral decline, result of 63 

Moral forces immortally supreme 57 

Moral soundness of the nation 64 

Morton's New England Memorial 35 

Morton, Thomas, opposed by Gov. Endicott — 49 

Mound builders 39,40 

Mundane vigor wastes 55 

Music committee 5-8, 11 

Muster roll of Suffolk County in 1715 193 

of offlcei'S of Southold's military company 192 

for soldiers before the revolutionary war 193 

Names of places show their sponsors 133, 134 

Nantes, edict of 31 

National flag 50 

National flags in decorations 19 

National greatness springs not from material wealth 65, 66 

National life, conditions of 48 

National organism 37 

Nations of men, all of one blood 43 

Naval battle near Southwold 157, 174 

Nemesis in history 445 

Netherlands, war of, against Spain 31 

New England Memorial, Morton's 35 

New England Primer — 35 

New England, railway system of 33 

New Haven Colony Historical Society 6, 90 

New Haven in 1640 3i{ 

New Haven, Davenport and Eaton in 136 

New Haven, records of 136 

Newspaper sketches of Southold 7 



214 INDEX. 

PAGE 

Newspaper, first in America 35 

Newton, Capt. Bryan 163, ltj4 

New Year's day formerly 125, 136 

N icholls. Sir Richard, captures New Yorlc 173 

Ninigret 95, 168, etc. 

Nomads 45 

Norton, Humphrey, punished for disturbance 170 

Nuts in Southold 13() 

Oak Lawn, celebration at 5, 7ii 

groves 7(1 

Lane ^s 70 

proprietor of 70 

Observance of the Lord's Day 61 

Ode, Anniversary, 3.50th 13, 33 

Long- Island 17, ^3 

Pilgrims' Flight 16, 78 

Pilgrims' Planting 18, 196 

Southold's Pounders 303, 304 

We shall meet 13, 97, 98 

Old gun of Barnabas B. Horton 73 

" Old House at Home " 14, 107, 108 

" Only one Mother, my Boy " 73 

Organism, national 37 

Osborne, Thomas 137, 135 

Oxen in the procession 68 

Oxenstiern, Chancellor 31 

Parliaments of Charles 1 1 16 

Parthenon 36 

Pai'ty spirit 64 

Pastoral peoples **'> 

Patriotic men •'J3 

Patriotism, how made a generous moral passion 52, .53 

Paine family, Southold branch, genealogy of 178 

Payne, Peter 142 

Peace made between Dutch and English 70, 167 

Peck, John and Rev. Robert 143 

Peconic Bay 1h 301 

Penn, William, grant to 34 

Peoples, English and German speaking 43 

nomadic pafetoral 45 

of resisting stolidity 44 

of vanishing nature 44 

Personal Indexes of Southold, author of 6,14 

sources, preparation and printing of 177 

Pessimism, whose fashion it is 63,64 

Peter the Great 33 

Philip Second 33 

Phillips, Rev. John and wife 143, 144 

PhUosophy, genesis of 46 

of history 43 

Pilgrims' Flight, ode and music 16, 78 

PUgrims' Planting, ode and music 18, 197 

Pipes Neck 150 

Pipe staves 150 

Plan, divine, includes conditions 43 

Platform and Grounds Committee 5,9,71 



INDEX. 215 

PAGE 

Platform and seats 19,71 

Plymouth colony 118 

Pocahontas 83 

Ponquoguc lighthouse 9") 

Population of Southold in 1662 191 

in 1675 191 

in 1683 191 

in 1686 191 

in 1698 192 

in 1890 77 

of Shelter Island in 1890 77 

Portugal 32 

Possession, effect of, in early Southold 176 

Power of pacification 51 

Powhatan 83 

Prayer by the Kev. Bennett T. Abbott 23-25 

by the Rev. William H. Littell 106, 107 

Prayers of Southold's founders 61 

Present generation 79 

the best 90 

President Hari'ison, descendant of Southold ancestors 5 

invitation to 5 

letter of 198, 199 

Prime, Rev. Dr. Nathaniel S., history of Long Island by 177 

Primer, 1 ndian 36 

Primer, New England 35 

Printing Press in Cambridge 35 

Procession to Oali Lawn . 5, 7, 10, 13, 67-71 

Procession, Director of 7, 10, 13, 67, 70 

Programme 7, 11-18 

Progress by English on Long Island 167 

Progress, plan and power of 37 

Progress, stages of 36, 37 

Promise of progress, where not found 43 

Property essential to progress 46 

Prussia 32 

Public progress, conditions of 43 

Public spirit defined . 51 

Puritan life, character and deeds of 61, 62 

Purpose, divine, determines historic positions 41 

Purrier, WiUiam 70,180 

Puzzle of historj' 48 

Quakers excluded from New Haven jurisdiction 170 

pardoned by Charles Second 171 

Readiness for labor a condition of a noble civilization 45-47 

for struggle an element of progress 47-50 

for sacrifice required tor progress 51-54 

Rebellion often a condition of life 49 

Records of history, oldest 115 

of lands required 175, 176 

of New Haven printed 126 

of Southold printed 178 

Reeve, George B 5, 8, 11, 13, 67 

singing by 97 

Reeves, Hon. Henr A -. 3, 4, 10, 14, 99, 200 

address by 99-106 



2l6 INDEX. 

PAGE 

Reliaion in colonial life 60 

Residents of Southold before 1640 135 

Revell, John and Thomas 150 

Revolutionary war 50 

Revolution, evolution 3G 

contributes to improvement 49 

Rewards of labor 4ti 

Rej'don, rectory of 141 

Richelieu 31 

Riverhead Saving-s Bank 103 

Riverhead town, a sort of bridg-e 75 

formed in 1692 73 

invited 6 

population of, in 1890 77 

representative of 74 

Roads, absent in a new coiintry 131 

Robbins Island 150 

Roman empire 42 

Ruin, sources of 49 

Rulers of the people 64 

Ruling' classes seek not general welfare 53 

Russia, beginning' of modern history of 33 

Ryder, Thomas 134 

Saint Bartholomew's massacre 32 

Salmon, Alva M., Director of the procession 7, 10, 13, 67, 70 

Salmon, William 14.5, 150 

Sample of errors 193-195 

Saratoga, battle of 95 

Savings banks of Southold and Riverhead 103 

Saxons hammered by Charlemagne -56 

Science, beginning of ' 46 

Scotland 40 

Scripture read 36 

Scriptures in Algonquin 35 

Sea fight between English and Dutch 166 

Seamen, character of 136 

Sempach, heroic patriot of 54 

Seriousness, the fruit of salutary laws 49 

Settlements in New Hampshire and north 130 

Settlei's of Southold, character and dealings of 135, 136, 137 

Severance from Great Britain 37 

Shelter Island 6,69,73-75,77,100,123,127,175 

culture of cauliflowers in 75 

invited 6 

made a town in 1730 73 

origin of its name 175 

population of, in 1890 77 

" Ship of State " 14,202,303 

Shipwrights, laws made for 136 

Singing by Southold's founders 61 

Slavery exiled 37 

Smith, Charles Floyd, Assistant Marshal of procession 17, 67 

Smith, Capt. John 83 

books of , 117 

Smith, Col. William, Surrogate, acts of, from 1691-1708 183, 183 

Smith, Wilmot M., Esq., address by 91 

Sobieska, John 33 



INDEX. 217 

PAGE 

Social instinct, the base of civilization 39 

Social pro^Tcss, not by unconscious evolution 38 

Solrliors' Jloiiumcnt in Soutliold 70 

Southampton town H, T5, 93, 91, 96, 123, 132, 151, 178 

hart 10 or 12 houses in 16i9 133 

.ioined Connecticut in 1644 151 

mistake of early historian of 151 

Soutliold, the name adopted 175 

earliest date of the name in New Haven 139 

earliest picture of 133 

hart 30 houses in 1649 133 

its deputies in New Haven 171, 180 

difficulties from 1050 to 1660 153 

early character 58, 135-138 

early connection with New Eng'land 138 

exposed condition in 1673 149 

Indian and early name 138 

men ^ 

native nuts, fruits, berries 130 

native vines and grapes 130 

native woods for timber 130 

order for x-ecord of lands 175 

population in 1663 191 

1675 191 

1683 191 

1686 191 

1698 191 

1890 ••• 77 

purchase of Mattituck and Aquebogue 170 

quarterly court 1^' 

record of union with New Haven 139 

records printed l''^ 

savings bank 193 

senders of Capt. Youngs to Connecticut in 1663 190 

taxes paid in New Haven 171, 180 

Southold's founders, pathos of their brief inventories 58 

ruled by the Bible 58 

their church the central fact 60 

communion with the Invisible 61 

felt relation to others and to God 60 

few conveniences 59 

limited resources 59 

meeting house, a church, fortress, town hall 61 

plain fai-e 59 

readiness for toil, battle, sacrifice 60 

robust strength of soul 60 

scant possessions 58 

school of moral manhood 59 

sharp privations 59 

worship 60 

Southolders, early, in New Haven 137 

Southwold, England 7, 175, 199 

various ways of spelling of 199 

vicarof 7,198-200' 

Spanish arrogance ^1 

Spanish conquerors, good and evil of 86,56 

Spanish invasion, why it conquered Mexico and Peru 55 

Spelling, old-fashioned ^'^^ 



2l8 INDEX. 

PAGE 

Stamp act.. 95 

Stevenson, Thomas , 118, 139, 164 

Stons, Rev. Richard S., D.D., LL.D 6,20.38,39,80, 303 

address by ... 39-66 

ancestor of, pastor of Southold 39 

Storrs family, jfcnealogy ol 178 

Strong-, Rev. Dr. Thomas M., History of Flatbush 168 

Struggle, readiness for 47-50 

Stuarts, kings of Scotland, England, Ireland . . 131 

Stuyvesant, Petrus .155, 161, 164, 166, 167, 172, 173 

Suffolk county, formation of 95 

towns of, in 1683 95 

Suffolk County Historical Society 6,90,96 

Suicidal effect of loss of reverence . 57 

Sunderland, Matthew, grant to, by Farrett 123 

"Sunset Ridge," Shelter Island Heights 31 

Surrogates of Suffolk county, early 183, 184 

Supernal instruction needful 56 

Swedes, colony of 33 

Swiss school books 83 

Switzerland. 83 

achievements of ... 53 

beetling crags of, the eyrie of liberty 54 

Sydney, Philip 156 

Sylvester, Constant and Capt. Nathaniel 148 

Capt. Nathaniel and John Booth 159 

Symbolism, ancient Egyptian 115 

• 

Tammany Society 34 

Tell, WiUiam, mythical 83 

Terry family 147 

Terry, Marcus W 4,5,8,11 

Terry, Richard 70,147 

Terry, Stuart T. . 4, 5, 8, 11, 77 

Terry, Thomas 70,147 

Thompson, Ben.iamin F., History of Long Island 177 

Throop, Rev. William, pastor of Southold, Surrogate of Suffolk county 184 

Tienhoven's description of Long Island 131 

Touttle, William, of New Haven 143 

Town Harbor Lane 70 

Town Records printed 178 

Tracing persons and families 177 

Track for training horses 71 

Tracy, Gen. Benj. F., LL.D., letter received from 198 

Treadwell, Edward 134 

Troopers encouraged by privileges 171 

Trowbridge, Thomas R., letter received from 198 

Turner, Capt. Nathaniel 146 

Turner, Robert 151 

Tuthill, Henry, ancestor of Southold TuthUls 143 

widow of, married to Wm. Wells 143 

TuthUl, Hon. James H 4, 8, 11, 73, 73, 77, 90, 91, 93 

TuthiU, John 70,143 

Typical American town 29 

TTnderhill, Capt. John 70, 143, 145, 146, 161-165, 167, 173 

account of Indian wars by 146 

acquaintances of 145, 146, 163 



INDEX. 



219 



PAGE 

Underhill, Capt. John, children of second wife 163 

commissioned by Rhode IsUiud against the Dutch ia5 

character of .' 163 

first wife of, Hollander, died in Southold 162 

Helena, wife of 145 

letter to Gov. Winthrop 163 

moved to Oyster Bay l.M 

pi'oclaims war against the Dutch 161 

professional soldier 162 

sold his Southold house to Thomas Moore l(w 

soldiers of, defended 1(8, 164 

Union of New England colonies 138 

Union of forty-four States 34 

t'nited colonies of New England 91 

East End deputies meet the 169 

University men in early New England 60 

Urban Eighth condemns Jansenists 32 

Ushers ...10,20 

Van der Donk, Adrien, LL.D 129, 130, 15.5, 159, 164 

description of Long Island by 139, 130 

V^eteran Drum Corps of Cutchogue 13, 68, 72 

Vienna, siege of 33 

Vines in early Southold 130 

Virginia Company asks for shipwrights 118 

Virginia, Southern, failures in 117 

Wading river 131 

Wagons, decorated, in the procession 68 

War, civil, in Great Britain ■ 155 

Wars, French and Indian 36,95 

War, naval, English and Dutch 156-158 

War of defense, right and good 50 

oflS12 W 

Mexican 96 

Washington, Gen. and Mrs., represented in the procession 68 

Water at Oak Lawn 73 

Watts, Rev. Dr. Isaac, quoted 141 

AVelcome, words of, by Rev. Dr. Whitaker 31,33 

Well, driven, at Oak Lawn 71 

Wells, William, Esquire 68,70,85 

genealogy of 178 

home of 68 

representative in New Haven i 180 

Westphalia, peace of 32 

" We shall meet," ode 13,97 

Whately, Richard, " Historic Doubts "of 83 

Wheeler, Rev. Edward S., benediction pronounced by 67 

Whitaker, Rev. Dr. Epher. . . .3-5, 8, 11, 12, 18, 31, 33, 36, 61, 67, 100, 127, 177, 191, 197, 

198. 200,203,30* 

History of Southold, by 61, 177 

Whitaker, Rev. William F 6, 13, 79 

address by 79-90 

Whittield, Rev. Henry 144 

Whitney, Henry 134 

genealogy of 178 

Whittier, John G., ode by, " Our Country " 105, 106 

quotation from 163 



220 INDEX. 

PAGE 

William and Mary 30 

William ol Orange 124 

Wills proved 181-183 

before Col. Wm. Smith 183, 183 

in New York 183 

Wines, Barnabas 70, 148 

Winthrop, Governor, treatment of James Farrett by 133 

Wise legislation, a growth 49 

Witherly, Thomas, buys and sells land 127 

Women of patriotism 53 

Woodford, Hon. Stewart L., LL.D., letter received from 198 

Wood, Hon. Silas, History by 177 

Woods, native, in Southold 130 

Woolsey, family genealogy of 178 

Woolsey, George and wife 161 

Woolsey, Prof. Theodore S., letter received from 198 

Words of welcome by Rev. Dr. Whitaker 31, 33 

World, liow made, how redeemed 53 

Wyandance, various names of 153 

Yennacok, the earliest name of Southold 138 

various spellings of 139 

taxes paid by 139 

Indian chief leaves Shelter Island 149, 159 

why his name dropped 168 

Yorktown, surrender at 95 

Youghcoe and his certificate from United Colonies 151 

various names of this chief 153 

Young, Judge Thomas 4, 5, 8, 11 

Youngs, Rev. Christopher, vicar of Southwold 141 

daughter Martha, wife of Thomas Moore 141 

brass of, in Southwold church 143 

I'ouugs, Christopher, son of Rev. Christopher, and Christopher, Jr 144 

Youngs, Rev. John, first settler of Southold 30, 70, 141, 161 

first wife of, Joan Lewington Lwidow Herington ?] 141 

Youngs, Capt. and Col. John 68, 70, 95, 161, 173, UK), 193, 194, 195 

commissioned to thwart Ninigret 169 

first Southold deputy at Hartford 190 

friend of the Yennicotts 160 

home lot of 68 

. seized by the Dutch, but escaped with his vessel ... 161 

will of, in part 194 

Y'^oungs, John, son of Capt. Joseph 145 

Y'oungs, Joseph, son of Rev. Christopher 144 

Youngs, Capt. Joseph and wife Margaret, daughter of Rev. Christopher Youngs 144 

mariners' compass of 145 

Youngs, Joseph, son of Capt. Joseph 145 

Y'^oungs, Martha 141 

Youngs, Samuel, house lot of 68 

Youngs, Thomas, son of Rev. John 141, 154 

Youngs, Capt. Thomas, visited Virginia 118 



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